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Efficiency analysis of a two-stage evaporative cooling system with sustainable water pad
No full textThe efficiency of evaporative media typically ranges from 80% to 90%. The most effective systems can reduce the temperature of dry air to 95% of the wet-bulb temperature, while the least effective systems can only accomplish 50%. The rate of evaporation efficiency experiences little decline over time. The climate in Iraq has a more extended period of summer in comparison to other nations. The ambient temperature during this season exceeds 50oC, making the evaporative cooling system appropriate for this region. The evaporative cooler in this study is created by incorporating multiple heat exchanger stages (water-air) to cool the input air indirectly and indirectly before cooling directly inside the traditional evaporative cooler. When compared to compression refrigeration systems, the multistage evaporative cooler helps to reduce energy use, environmental pollution, the effects of global warming, and manufacturing costs. The multistage evaporative cooler is appropriate for use in homes and sizable structures with high relative humidity and temperatures. The developed evaporative cooler's experimental findings demonstrated that the addition of a cooling stage to a conventional cooler reduces the out-dry bulb temperature by about 50% and the specific humidity by about 80%
Analysis of Factors Predicting Students' Mathematics Achievement According to 2018 PISA Data
No full textThis study aims to determine the factors affecting students’ success in mathematics with PISA 2018 Data-Turkey covering 4473 students out of 6890. The factor analysis is applied to a wide range of 52 variables, including the number of weekly lessons in language, mathematics, and science courses to satisfaction with life, 14 factors are identified. After that, the multiple regression model is derived to find out the determinants of students’ success in mathematics. Besides these 14 factors, the gender of the students and the educational status of the parents are considered explanatory variables. Firstly, it is found that males and those whose fathers have higher levels of education have higher performance in mathematics. Among the factors, the wealth of family, use of information and communication technologies both outside and at the school, time spent to learn mathematics and science, perception of reading comprehension, and perception of cooperation at school are significantly positively associated with a student’s success. Furthermore, facing discrimination and bullying decreases student success in mathematics. The family's socioeconomic status and access to information-communication technologies are the most important determinants of student success. Finally, it is recommended that reasonable support should be given to disadvantaged students for providing equal opportunity
Image generation with convolutional neural networks
No full textThis thesis introduces an innovative image generation technique employing a dual
convolutional neural network (CNN) framework, which operates in a collaborative
manner. One CNN specializes in extracting distinctive features from an image dataset,
while the other is dedicated to generating entirely novel images based on these extracted
features. The resulting images, distinct from any dataset originals, maintain the essential
characteristics of the input dataset. To validate the efficacy of our approach, we employ
two diverse datasets, one containing human facial images and the other encompassing a
variety of animal species. Our method surpasses contemporary techniques in terms of
accuracy, F1 score, recall, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and mean squared error
(MSE). Furthermore, we conduct an exhaustive review of related literature in the domains
of image generation and CNNs, meticulously evaluating the pros and cons of the proposed
dual-pipeline CNN methodology. Our findings suggest that our approach holds promise as
an alternative for generating high-quality, unique images, with potential applications in
diverse fields such as computer vision, graphics, and data augmentation. Future research
endeavors will prioritize optimizing the method's efficiency, broadening its applicability
across different domains, and exploring additional evaluation metrics
Numerical Investigation of Nanofluid-Based Flow Behavior and Convective Heat Transfer Using Torsional Turbulator
No full text2nd International Conference on Engineering and Science to Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, ICASDG 2023 -- 9 July 2023 through 10 July 2023 -- Hybrid, Tabriz -- 197984Most methods of improving heat transfer work by either increasing the effective heat transfer surface area or creating turbulence, which results in lower thermal resistance. In this study, the CFD was used to simulate and investigate the presence of Al2O3 and CuO nanoparticles with φ=5 % in the adsorber tube of a parabolic solar collector, which is fitted with a torsional turbulator with rhombic-shaped cutting in two single (N=1) and two (N=2) turbulator models at Reynolds numbers of 20,000, 60,000, and 100,000 at turbulent flow. Nanofluids are candidates for alternative methods of heat transfer. Torsional turbulator models with N=2 have a greater output temperature than those with N=1 because N=2 models have a higher practical heat level. The Nusselt number demonstrates more CuO nanoparticle models than Al2O3 nanoparticle models. In addition, CuO nanoparticles are more effective than Al2O3 at lowering pressure. Compared to the N=2 dual-turbulator mode, the N=1 single-turbulator mode has 34% more conflict. PECs are more significant for models with two turbulators. Where it's moreover a wide range of Reynolds numbers, the thermal PEC for N=2 models were 12 percentage points higher than that of N=1 models. •In comparison, it was found that CuO nanofluid receivers are superior to Al2O3 in converting solar energy into thermal energy. Also, the two-turbine model with a Reynolds number of 100000 that uses CuO nanoparticles achieves maximum thermal efficiency. © 2024 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved
Effective audio and video-based learning for youngest age
No full textThe research project is an interactive educational book and it is a game, but in reality it is a measure of intelligence through which intelligence breakthroughs are achieved through the accuracy of answering questions with the speed of answering. The focus was on children under the age of six, but it included a number of those who are older. Discussing through research on the types of education, focusing on interactive and electronic education, explaining the difference between the two, explaining the types of human intelligence, how to build a school system through the use of a calculator, and what are the requirements and types for that, leading to the importance of the impact of the diversity of educational media, the importance of learning through play, and the benefits and harms of each case. Reaching results indicating that students prefer studying in class to studying electronically, it was noted that there are mental mutations for every age, but the age that responded most and most quickly was the age of youth and advanced youth. The reasons for this result were explained through the research and what we reached, and some methods were presented to increase mental efficiency
From feedback to action: leveraging sentiment analysis to comprehend student survey at Altınbaş University
Get PDFThis thesis explores the application of sentiment analysis to student feedback at Altınbaş
University, aiming to enhance student-centered educational practices. Amidst the evolving
landscape of higher education, this study underscores the significance of adapting teaching
methodologies to better align with student preferences and needs, as revealed through their
feedback. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates both qualitative and
quantitative techniques to analyze survey data collected from students across various
programs of study. The sentiment analysis conducted utilizes advanced natural language
processing and machine learning algorithms to categorize and understand the emotions and
opinions expressed by students. Results from the analysis indicate a strong student
preference for interactive and engaging teaching methods. Positive feedback was closely
associated with dynamic lectures, effective faculty communication, and the integration of
relevant information. In contrast, negative sentiments were linked to passive learning
environments, strict attendance policies, and inflexible teaching approaches. This thesis
highlights the potential of sentiment analysis as a tool to transform educational strategies by
providing deeper insights into student feedback, thereby informing the development of more
personalized and adaptive learning experiences. Future research directions include
enhancing the algorithmic sophistication of sentiment analysis tools, expanding data sources,
and integrating qualitative research methods to provide a richer understanding of student sentiments. This study aims to contribute to the continuous improvement of educational
quality at Altınbaş University and offer a model for other institutions seeking to foster a
responsive, student-centered learning environment.Bu tez, Altınbaş Üniversitesi'nde öğrenci geri bildirimlerine duygu analizinin sonuçlarını
değerlendirme ve öğrenci odaklı eğitim kayıtlarını geliştirmeyi hedeflemektedir.
Yükseköğretimin sürekli yapısal yapısı içinde, bu çalışma, öğretim yöntemlerinin öğrenci
tercihleri ve daha iyi uyum sağlamak amacıyla uyarlanmasının genişletildiği
vurgulanmaktadır. Karma yöntem yaklaşımı yoluyla varlık araştırması, çeşitli eğitim
programlarından sağlanan analizler, analizler için kaliteli ve güzel teknikleri
birleştirmektedir. Yapılan duygu analizi, transfer tarafından ifade edilen duygu ve bunların
kategorize edilmesi ve anlaşılması için ileri düzeydeki doğal dil işleme ve makine
öğrenmelerini geliştirmelerini sağladı. Analiz sonuçları, onların etkileşimli ve ilgi çekici
öğretim yöntemlerini güçlü bir şekilde tercih gösterdiklerini ortaya koyuyorlar. Dinamik
dersler, etkili öğretim üyesi iletişimi ve ilgili bilgiler ile olumlu geri bildirimler sürekli olarak
mevcuttur. Buna karşılık, olumsuz duygular, öğrenme pasif ortamları, katı devam
politikaları ve esnek olmayan öğretim yöntemleri ile ilişkilidir. Bu tez, öğrenci geri
bildirimlerine daha fazla büyüme içgörüler sağlayarak eğitim stratejilerini dönüştürmek için
bir araç olarak duygu analizinin potansiyelini vurgulamaktadır ve bu sayede daha
kişiselleştirilmiş ve uyarlanabilir öğrenme deneyimlerinin geliştirilmesine katkı
bulunmaktadır. Gelecekteki gelişme seyri, duygu analizi araçlarının algoritmik
sofistikasyonunu arttırmayı, veri kaynaklarının genişletilmesini ve öğrencinin daha zengin
bir şekilde anlaşılması için nitel araştırma yöntemlerini entegre etmeyi içermektedir. Bu çalışma, Altınbaş Üniversitesi'nde eğitimin kalıcı olarak kalıcı olarak etkilenmesini ve diğer
hizmetler için duyarlı, öğrenci odaklı bir öğrenme ortamını teşvik etmeyi amaçlayan bir
model sunmayı hedeflemektedir
Photoprotective effects of quercetin on photoaging-induced rats
No full textPurpose: Photoaging is characterised by cutaneous changes caused by exposure to ultraviolet light over time. Quercetin is a bioflavanoid with antioxidant, antineoplastic, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of topical quercetin on photoaging, a phenomenon not previously studied in ultraviolet A (UVA)-induced photoaging.
Methods: A total of 40 rats were randomly categorised into 5 groups, each comprising 8 rats. A photoaging model was induced by applying UVA to the dorsal region of all rats, except for the negative control group. Topical 0.1% retinoic acid was applied to one UVA group, topical 0.3% quercetin to another UVA group, and both agents were applied in combination to yet another UVA group 5 days a week for 8 weeks. Subsequently, wrinkle values were measured, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) levels were analysed, and histopathological parameters were examined.
Results: The wrinkle value of the UVA group was found to be significantly higher than that of the UVA + Quercetin group. Collagen damage was lower in the UVA + Quercetin group than in the UVA group, although this difference was not statistically significant. Compared with the UVA + Retinoic Acid group, the UVA + Quercetin group exhibited a more significant decrease in inflammation. MMP-1 values were considerably higher in the UVA + Retinoic Acid and UVA + Quercetin + Retinoic Acid groups as well as in the UVA + Quercetin group compared with the control and UVA groups.
Conclusion: The present study showed that quercetin can be utilised in the treatment of photoaging, especially when combined with retinoic acid
Numerical analysis for enhanced water desalination in solar stills with optimized glass cover angles
Get PDFWater scarcity is a growing global issue that necessitates improved desalination techniques. This study aims to enhance solar still efficiency for water desalination in Baghdad's climate conditions. The research focuses on identifying the optimal glass cover tilt angle to maximize water production in single-slope solar stills. A multi-software approach was implemented, using SOLIDWORKS for design, ANSYS CFD for simulations, and MATLAB for numerical analysis. The solar still's performance was tested on July 25, 2023, from 9 AM to 5 PM, with tilt angles between 25° and 40°. Results show that a 25° angle is most effective, increasing water output by 3.3% compared to other angles. This optimal angle enhances solar radiation absorption while maintaining efficient condensation. Temperature distributions and evaporation rates were also analyzed to support these findings. These results provide valuable insights for optimizing solar still designs in regions with climate conditions similar to Baghdad, contributing to the development of more efficient water desalination technologies for water-scarce areas
Sociodemographic and clinical factors of dropout from inpatient detoxification treatment in patients with opioid use disorders
No full textBackground: Completing detoxification treatment and receiving maintenance treatment are crucial for long term fa-vorable results. However, dropout rates in addiction treatment are quite high. This study was designed to determine the rate of remaining in inpatient detoxification treatment in patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) and to examine the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with dropout from treatment, thereby providing more effective management of the treatment process. Methods: We conducted a prospective short-term follow-up study with 115 patients diagnosed with OUD and receiving inpatient treatment. Sociodemographic Data Form, SCID-I, Addiction Profile Index (API), Substance Craving Scale (SCS) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were administered to the patients. Results: 44.6% of the patients dropped out of the inpatient treatment program. No significant difference was found in terms of sociodemographic characteristics between patients who dropped out and those who remained in the treatment. In terms of clinical characteristics, the rate of dropout from the treatment was significantly higher in those with comorbid psychiatric conditions, and those without regular outpatient clinic visits (p<0.05). The API “Severe Craving” subscale was significantly higher in the group that dropped out and was predictive for dropout from the treatment. Conclusions: The results of our study provided important conclusions in terms of understanding the clinical conditions and risk factors associated with dropout from inpatient detoxification treatment for OUD patients in our country. We believe that these results con-tribute to the evaluation and treatment processes of OUD patients to increase treatment compliance
A study of polymorphic variants of repairing genes in breast cancer and comparison of patient diets in Iraqi population
No full textBackground: (BC) is a prevalent form of cancer, characterized by the production of
autoantibodies and an inflammatory immune system. Breast cancer is a more common illness
in females then in men. In men, the prevalence of breast cancer is between 0.5% and 1%. A
risk state is linked to multiple elements that are typified by reduced activity, radiation
exposure, additional alterations in the way other organs operate, and a decline in life quality.
There are genetic and environmental influences. The 2 (XRCC), a gene that codes for an
amino acid-based protein, linked to breast cancer development.
Food plays a preventative role in reducing nutritional oxidative stress, which can occur due
to an imbalanced pro-oxidant load and antioxidant response. The study highlights the
potential of cruciferous vegetables as cancer preventive agents and the link between specific
chemicals and a decrease in cancer cases, including colorectal, lung, prostate, and breast
cancer. Cruciferous vegetables, part of the Brassicaceae family, are known for their health
benefits, including anti-cancer, inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifungal properties. They
contain glucosinolates (GSL) and S-methyl cysteine sulfoxide, which are hydrolyzed by
myrosinase. GLS is known for its anti-cancer, inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifungal
properties. The enzyme, β-thioglucoside-glucohydrolase (myrosinase), helps to hydrolyse
GSLs in aqueous conditions and lead to the formation of dietary isothiocyanates (ITCs). According to some published studies, ITCs which alter the epigenome, can regulate positive
cellular pathways prevent cancer growth by controlling positive cellular pathways. SFNs and
PITC, AITC, and BITC are significant isothiocyanate variants found in cabbage, cauliflower,
radish, and broccoli.
Aim: To assess the impact of rs861539G>A and rs25487T> C polymorphisms in the area of
the promoter that XRCC gene.to examine the influence of XRCC1 & XRCC3 genes
polymorphism and liver function tests as well as lipid profile relative to breast cancer. To
perform a survey study to show the effects of diet on the breast cancer female patients in
Iraqi population.
Methods: In this study, two hundred volunteers took part. They split up into two teams. The
first group involved 100 patients suffering from breast cancer (Al Haboubi Teaching
Hospital Dhi Qar Specialized Cancer Center) and the second group enrolled 100 participants
who are apparently healthy individuals used as control. Whole blood was used to extract
total genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (gDNA), which was then genotyped for, rs861539G>A
and rs25487T>C polymorphisms by breast cancer mp-polymerase Real time method
(TaqMan -PCR).
In addition to patient questionnaire (full name, age, family history, disease severity, blood
pressur, any other disease, duration disease, food frequency questionnaire (broccoli,
cauliflower, cabbage, red radish, garlic, leek, onion, milk, yogurt, cream, butter, specific
foods, special diet applications, diabetes, Food supplements, salt, butter and sugar usage)
data was analysed using Mann Whitney U test and Odd Ratio. The total GSL amounts of
cruciferous vegetables from Iraqi market, including radish, broccoli, cauliflower, and
cabbage were analysed.
Results: There was no significant difference in BMI, triglycerides (TG), HDL, VLDL, and
blood creatinine levels in both groups (P > 0.05). CA15-3, systolic (SBP) and diastolic
(DBP) blood pressure, RBG, VLDL, HDL, cholesterol, LDL, albumin, AST and ALT levels
of the “breast cancer” group were significantly higher than the “control” group (p < 0.05).
The “breast cancer” group had a significantly lower blood urea and hemoglobin level
compared to the “control” group (P < 0.05).
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) is a fundamental principle in population genetics that
describes the relationship between genotype and allele. Our results of XRCC1 gene of the rs25487 T>C polymorphism for healthy individuals indicated that different genotypes and
allele frequencies. It shows three different genotypes models TT (wild type) 60 individuals,
TC (heterozygote) 24 individual, and CC (recessive) 16 individuals. The analysis of the
genetic association was used to assess whether genotypes association with breast cancer
conditions.
Odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-values are reported for different
genetic models. In co-dominant model the TC genotype (OR= 1.9, 95% CI, 0.99 to 3.77, p
= 0.05) and the CC genotype (OR = 2.72, 95% CI, 1.31 to 5.64, p = 0.007) compared to the
TT genotype (wild type). Dominant model, the individuals with TC+CC genotypes have an
increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 2.23, 95% CI, 1.28 to 3.96, p = 0.005) compared to
those with the TT genotype. In the recessive model, individuals with the CC genotype have
an increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 2.1, 95% CI, 1.08 to 4.26, p = 0.03) compared to
those with the TT+TC genotypes. There is no significant difference in breast cancer risk
between TT+CC and TC genotypes (OR = 1.4, 95% CI, 0.76 to 2.657, p = 0.3) in the over
dominant model. In the other hand, individuals carrying the c allele have a significantly
increased risk of breast cancer (OR = 2.1, 95% CI, 1.36 to 3.13, p = 0.0007) compared to
those carrying the T allele. In summary, the study suggests an association between the
rs25487 T>C SNP and breast cancer risk, with the C allele and CC genotype showing
increased risk. Of the genetic association study examining rs861539 G>A polymorphism of
XRCC3 gene change in relation to Breast Cancer patients and healthy individuals. The study
compares the genotypes (GG, GA, and AA) of the SNP under study between a control group
(N=100) and a breast cancer group (N=100). Ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI)
and a p-value for various genetic models: co-dominant, dominant, recessive, over dominant,
and additive. The co-dominant model suggests that individuals with the AA genotype have
a significantly higher risk of breast cancer compared to those with the GG genotype (OR of
2.72 (95% CI: 1.13 to 6.52, p = 0.02)). In which the GA genotype compared to 38 in the
breast cancer group, resulting in an OR of 0.56 (95% CI: 0.29 to 1.07, p = 0.08). Those who
carry the GA genotype appeared no associated with risk of the disease, resulting in an OR
of 0.56 (95% CI: 0.29 to 1.07, p = 0.08). In dominant model the dominant model, the GA
and AA genotypes are combined. It suggests that there may be a slightly reduced risk of
breast cancer for individuals with the GA+AA genotypes, but the result is not statistically
significant OR of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.48 to 1.58, p = 0.065) (p = 0.065). Broccoli, cauliflower, onions, and garlic rank much higher among patients due to their
healthy eating behaviours. The patients' diet includes a much lower frequency of milk and
cream and does not include frequent consumption of everyday foods. 65% of patients use
sugar in “normal” amounts, but healthy people use it in more varied amounts.
Conclusion: The XRCC gene (rs25487 and rs861539) polymorphisms of the in-breast cancer
specifically the polymorphisms rs25487 T>C and rs861539 G>A, are associated with the
susceptibility to breast cancer development in a group of patients from Iraq.
However, due to the relatively small sample size, different genetic backgrounds, and dietary
patterns, further studies in different populations are needed to validate these findings