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ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH THE SPOILAGE POSTHARVEST TOMATO FRUITS IN DIFFERENT LOCAL MARKETS IN DHAKA CITY
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Submitted to the faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University.
Dhaka-1207, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
PLANT PATHOLOGY
SEMESTER: JANUARY-JUNE/2021Tomato fruits are more susceptible to spoilage by fungi because it contains large
amount of water. This study was conducted at Plant Pathology Laboratory, Sher-eBangla
Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207 during October 2019 to September
2020 on cultural characterization and pathogenicity of fungi associated with the
spoilage of postharvest tomato fruits in different local markets viz Kawran bazar,
Farmgate, Taltola, Agargaon bazar, Townhall and Krishi market of Dhaka city.
From infected tomato, post-harvest disease infecting fungi were incubated and
isolated on moist chamber followed isolation on PDA media.The lowest
percentage incidence found in Taltola bazar (20%) and the highest in Farmgate
(48.89%). Both in winter season and summer season, highest percentage incidence
occurred in Farmgate bazar (48.89%). Seven different genera of fungi were
isolated and identified viz. Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium spp.,
Fusarium oxysporum, Alternaria solani, Rhizopus stolonifer and Geotrichum
candidum. In winter season, Fusarium oxysporum occurred most frequency
(23.46%) Geotrichum candidum (2.04%) had the lowest percentage frequency. In
summer season, Alternaria solani occurred most frequency (23.91%) while
Geotrichum candidum (3.26%) and Penicillium sp (3.26%) had the lowest
percentage frequency. The identified diseases were Fusarium rot of tomato,
Aspergillus ear rot of tomato, Aspergillus black mold disease, Black spot disease
of tomato, Blue mold disease, Rhizopus rot disease and sour rot disease of tomato.
Pathogenicity test showed that all the isolated fungi were pathogenic to their
respective host
GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCE OF CHICKPEA THROUGH FOLIAR APPLICATION OF ZINC AND BORON
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The Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
AGRONOMYA field experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
during the period from November 2020 to April 2021 in Rabi season, to study the
growth and yield performance of chickpea through foliar application of zinc (Zn) and
boron (B). The experiment consisted of two factors. Factor A. Different
concentrations of
Zn application: Zn
0
= Control (Water spray), Zn
1
= Basal application
of Zn, Zn
2
= 0.5 % foliar application at pre-flowering stage, Zn
3
= 1 % foliar
application at pre-flowering stage and Factor B. Different levels of B application: B
0
=
Control (Water spray), B
1
= Basal application of B, B
2
= 0.5 % foliar application at preflowering
stage and B
3
= 1 % foliar application at pre-flowering stage.
Experimental
result showed that foliar application of Zn and B were effective method for boost up
of yield in chickpea compared to soil application and control treatment. In the case of
different Zn levels, the lowest seed yield (1.02 t ha
ii
-1
) was
recorded in the control
treatment (Zn
0
). The highest number of pods plant
-1
(27.79),
seeds pod
(2.97), 1000seed
weight
(109.06 g) and seed yield (1.75 t ha
-1
) were
recorded in Zn
3
(1 % foliar
application at pre-flowering stage) treatment. In the case of
different B treatments, the
seed yield ranges between (1.19 -1.60 t ha
-1
-1
). The highest
seed yield (1.60 t ha
) was
recorded in B
3
(1 % foliar application at pre-flowering stage)
treatment. Both Zn and B
@ 1% solution sprayed at the pre-flowering stage
(Zn
3
B
3
) effected chickpea plant
growth and yield contributing characteristics, leading
to the maximum seed yield (2.01
t ha
-1
) than compared to other treatment combinations. Therefore, it could be suggested
that application of Zn (1.0 %) and B (1.0 %) by foliar spray at pre-flowering stage is
beneficial for better yield and quality production of chickpea crop
INFLUENCE OF PLANT DENSITY AND FERTILIZATION ON THE GROWTH AND SEED YIELD OF BUNCHING ONION
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
In partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
HORTICULTUREA field experiment was conducted in the field of Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural
University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from November 2020 to April
2021. The experiment consisted of three levels of spacing (viz. S
1
I
= 20cm×10cm, S
2
= 20cm×15cm, S
3
= 20cm×20cm) and four levels of fertilizer (viz. F
0
= No
application (control), F
1=
N
57.5kg
P
66kg
K
45kg
S
10kg
V
6t/ha
, F
2 =
N
57.5kg
P
66kg
K
45kg
,
F
3=
N
115kg
P
132kg
K
90kg
S
20kg
V
3t
PM
3t/ha
). The two-factor experiment was carried out in
Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. There were 12
treatment combinations in this study. A unit plot was 1.2 m×1.2 m and the treatments
were distributed randomly in each block. Data on growth and yield parameters were
recorded and analyzed statistically. Growth and yield of bunching onion were
influenced by the different spacing. The 20cm×20cm spacing resulted in the highest
number of leaves, dry matter content in leaves, umbel diameter, number of seeds per
umbel, thousand seed weight and percent of gemination. The maximum seed yield
per hectare (1065 kg) was observed in 20cm×10cm spacing. Different levels of
fertilizer had also significant influence on yield of bunching onion. The highest plant
height, number of leaves, length and diameter of flower stem, umbel diameter, seed
yield per plot and per hectare (157.48 g/plot and 1056.3 kg/ha, respectively), number
of flowers per umbel, number of seeds per umbel, thousand seed weight and percent
of gemination were found from the N
115kg
P
132kg
K
90kg
S
20kg
V
3t
PM
3t/ha
treatment. The
highest seed yield (1260 kg/ha) with net income (Tk.699991.4) and BCR (2.26) were
observed from S
1
F
3
treatment combination, while the lowest were from S
3
treatment combination. So, economic analysis revealed that the S
1
treatment
combination appeared to the best for achieving the higher yield and economic benefit
of bunching onion
MANAGEMENT OF POWDERY MILDEW DISEASE OF BOTTLE GOURD (Lagenaria siceraria) USING POTASSIUM AND SULPHUR CONTAINING MODERN PHYTO-CHEMICALS
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (M.S.)
IN
PLANT PATHOLOGY
SEMESTER: JANUARY–JUNE, 2021ABSTRACT
Powdery mildew of bottle gourd is one of the important disease responsible for lower
yield of bottle gourd in many countries. Management of powdery mildew disease is
required to maintain the quality and quantity of the fruit. Different management
approaches have been led to control the disease. In this experiment, we evaluated
silica and salicylic acid-based fungicide, Peak Performance Nutrient (PPN),
Potassium silicate, Phosphorus silicate and sulphur-based fungicide (McSulphur 80
WP) against control. The experiment was conducted from November 2019 to May
2020. BARI Lau-4 variety was selected for the present experiment. In the present
POinvestigation the highest reduction of disease incidence (36.89%) was recorded by
the application of potassium silicate (T₂). The nearest reduction of disease incidence
was found in Peak Performance Nutrient (T₅) (24.18%) followed by Silica (T₁)
(20.49%) and Phosphorus silicate (T₃) (20.08%). At 107 days after transplanting, the
PDI (Percent Disease Index) values were observed and it was found that the
maximum PDI was calculated from the control (64.17%). At 107 DAT, potassium
silicate (T₂) showed the highest performance (60.52%) in reduction of disease
severity. The second highest reduction of disease severity was recorded in case of
Peak Performance Nutrient (T₅) (38.06%) followed by Silica (T₁) (31.82%),
Phosphorus silicate (T₃) (30.74%), McSulphur 80 WP (T₆) (21.04%) and Salicylic
acid (T₄) (3.90%). The maximum number of fruit (10.00) was recorded from
application of potassium silicate (T₂) followed by McSulphur 80 WP (T₆) (9.67) and
Silica (T₁) (8.33). In case of weight, the maximum average weight of bottle gourd
fruit (2.52 kg) was recorded from application of potassium silicate (T₂) followed by
McSulphur 80 WP (T₆) (1.99), Phosphorus silicate (T₃) (1.87 kg) and Peak
Performance Nutrient (T₅) (1.85). Potassium silicate (K₂SiO₃) was found effective
against powdery mildew disease of bottle gourd. It also gave the best result in giving
large sized and heaviest fruits. Potassium silicate may be used as an alternative of
‘sulphur containing fungicide’
PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF CHILLI PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF SINGAIR UPAZILA
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agribusiness Management Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Dhaka, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY STUDIESChilli is a valuable spice and also one of the most important cash crops grown in
Bangladesh. The main objective of this research was to determine the profitability of
chilli production by examining the socio-demographic profile of chilli farmers. The
Singair upazila was chosen for the research due to its considerable chilli production.
Through an interview schedule, data were collected from 100 sample farmers using a
random sampling approach. After analyzing the data, it was determined that the gross
return, gross margin and net return were found to be Tk. 367683.60, Tk. 271776.35 and
Tk. 226520.05 per hectare respectively. Average total cost of chilli were estimated to
be Tk. 141163.55 per hectare. The Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) for chilli cultivation was
determined to be 2.60. While the regression coefficients for land preparation cost, cost
of seed , cost of cow dung and pesticide cost were all positive, the coefficients for cost
of MoP and irrigation cost were all negative and significant at 1% ,5% and 10% level
of significance. The human labor, cost of Urea, and cost of TSP were determined to be
insignificant in relation to the return on chilli cultivation. The positive indication shows
that the return on chilli can be enhanced by raising land preparation cost, cost of seed,
cost of cow dung and pesticide cost, while the negative sign suggests that the return on
chillis may be decreased by lowering cost of MoP and irrigation cost. It was discovered
that chilli cultivation was very lucrative. Additionally, this research highlighted a
number of problems and constraints related to chilli production. These were lack of
operating capital, high price of quality seed, high cost of irrigation water, low price of
output, attack of pest, lack of quality seed, lack of scientific knowledge of farming,
shortage of human labor, adulteration of fertilizer, insecticides, and pesticide, poor
storage facilities in house and natural calamities etc
EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF BARI PANIKACHU-6 (Colocasia esculenta)
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Submitted to the Department of Soil Science
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
in partial fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
SOIL SCIENCEColocasia esculenta is a highly nutritive vegetable which is very important for human
health with daily diet. The present study was carried out at the farm of Sher-e-Bangla
Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207 during the period of
February 2021 to July 2021 to study the effect of N and K for the growth and
development of BARI panikachu-6 (Colocasia esculenta). Eight levels of N and K
treatments including control were considered for the experiment viz. T
1
(control;
N
0
P
0
K
0
kg ha
-1
), T
2
(RFD; N
100
P
30
K
100
S
15
kg ha
ii
-1
), T
3
(N
50
K
90
kg ha
-1
),
T
4
(N
50
K
75
kg ha
-1
+ P
30
S
15
kg ha
-1
), T
5
(N
75
K
100
kg ha
-1
+ P
30
S
15
kg ha
+ P
30
-1
kg
ha
-1
+ P
30
S
15
kg ha
-1
), T
7
(N
75
K
75
kg ha
-1
+ P
30
S
15
kg ha
-1
) and T
8
), T
6
(N
110
+
P
30
S
15
kg ha
-1
) laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three
replications. Among the treatments, T
2
(RFD; N
100
P
30
K
100
S
15
kg ha
-1
) showed the best
performance on plant base diameter (30.87 cm), length of rhizome (73.50 cm), fresh
weight of rhizome plant
-1
(3.39 kg), fresh weight stolon palnt
-1
(240.00 g), rhizome
yield (82.24 t ha
kg ha
-1
-1
) and stolon yield (6.12 t ha
-1
) and next to T
8
(N
110
K
110
) considering growth and yield performance whereas control treatment T
1
(N
0
P
0
K
0
kg ha
-1
) showed minimum results. In terms of nutrient status in post harvest
soil, pH, organic carbon (OC) and available P content was found non-significant among
the treatments while the maximum S content (29.43 ppm) was recorded from the
treatment T
3
(N
50
K
90
kg ha
-1
+ P
30
S
15
kg ha
-1
) compared to control. Considering growth,
yield contributing parameters and yield and also nutrient status in soil, the treatment T
2
(RFD; N
100
P
30
K
100
S
15
kg ha
-1
) can be considered as best for BARI panikachu-6
cultivation followed by T
8
(N
110
K
110
kg ha
-1
+ P
30
S
15
kg ha
-1
). So, it can be concluded
that recommended doses of fertilizers specially N and K are very effective for higher
rhizome and stolon yield of Colocasia esculenta at farmers level of cultivation
IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIBIOGRAM PROFILING OF ESCHERICHIA COLI AND SALMONELLA SPP. ISOLATED FROM SUPPLIED WATER OF SELECTED CATTLE FARMS IN DHAKA
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Submitted to the Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207,
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS) IN MICROBIOLOGYThe present study was carried out to isolate, identify and to know antibiogram profiling of
Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. from the supplied drinking water in different cattle
farms in Dhaka city within the period of October, 2020 to April, 2021. A total of 100
fresh water samples were randomly collected from different cattle farms and transported
to the Microbiology and Parasitology laboratory of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University
for microbiological analysis. Primary culture was done in nutrient broth and nutrient agar.
Pure culture was obtained from different selective media. Bacteria were identified by
observing the growth properties in different media, staining properties and biochemical
tests. The characteristics of E. coli colonies were red to bright pink colored in
MacConkey agar and greenish red colored with faint metallic sheen in EMB (Eosin
Methylene Blue) agar. The characteristics of Salmonella spp. colonies were black colored
in SS agar and pink colored in MacConkey agar. In Gram’s staining, E. coli revealed
gram-negative, pink color, small rod-shaped appearance, arranged in single or paired
short, and Salmonella spp. revealed gram negative, short rod shaped, singly arranged. The
occurrence of E. coli was 46% and Salmonella spp. was 37%. Pure isolates were
subjected to antibiogram by disc diffusion method against 5 different antibiotics including
streptomycin (Str), ampicillin (Amp), ciprofloxacin (Cip), gentamycin (Gen) and
tetracycline (Te). Highest number of E. coli isolates showed resistance to gentamycin
(43%) followed by ampicillin (38%) and tetracycline (26%). In case of Salmonella spp.,
highest number of E. coli isolates showed resistance to gentamycin (31%) followed by
ampicillin (31%) and tetracycline (27%). This study revealed that water samples collected
from different cattle farms of Dhaka city were contaminated with multiple species of
multidrug resistant bacteria which may pose risk for both animal and human health
RESPONSE OF MUNGBEAN TO FERTILIZER AND WEED MANAGEMENT
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The Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
AGRONOMYA field experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
during the period from March to June 2021 in Kharif-I season, to study the response
of mungbean to fertilizer and weed managements. The experiment consisted of two
factors, and followed split plot design with three replications.The experimental
treatments with their levels were Factor A: different fertilizer managements with 3
levels (viz; F
1
= recommended dose (RD), F
2
= RD + 1 % urea foliar spray at
flowering, F
3
= RD + 2 % urea foliar spray at flowering) and Factor B: different weed
managements with 4 levels( viz; W
0
and 35 DAS, W
2
= No weed control, W
1
= Release 9EC spray at 30 DAS and W
3
ii
= 2 hand weeding at 15
= Release 9EC spray at 20
and 40 DAS).The experimental results revealed that different fertilizer and weed
managements significantly influenced the yield and yield contributing parameters of
mungbean. Application of recommended dose of fertilizer along with 2 % urea foliar
spray at flowering (F
3
) influenced plant to have greater growth and yield of mungbean.
The highest pods plant
-1
(16.98), pod length (7.55 cm), seeds pod
-1
(10.71), 1000-seed
weight (37.16 g) and seed yield (961.50 kg ha
-1
) were recorded in F
3
(RD + 2 % urea
foliar spray at flowering) treated plot. In case of different weed management, the seed
yield ranges between (799.2-1022.4 kg ha
-1
). The highest seed yield (1022.4 kg ha
)
was recorded in W
1
(2 hand weeding at 15 and 35 DAS) treated plot. In the case of
combined effect of treatments application of RD + 2 % urea foliar spray at flowering
stage along with 2 hand weeding at 15 and 35 DAS (F
3
W
1
) influenced plant growth
and development and recorded the highest seed yield (1159.0 kg ha
) while the
lowest seed yield (575.0 kg ha
-1
) was recorded in the recommended dose of fertilizer
with no weed control treatment (F
1
W
0
PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF BANANA CULTIVATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF GAZIPUR DISTRICT
Get PDFA Thesis
Submitted to the Faculty of Agribusiness Management Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Dhaka, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY STUDIESIn Bangladesh, banana is a significant perishable multifunctional food crop. It is
nutrient-dense, readily digested, high in carbohydrate and minerals, and has more
calories than potatoes. The agriculture sector contributed about 13.35 percent to Gross
Domestic Product (GDP) in FY 2019-20, with the crops sub-sector contributing
approximately 6.76 percent to the agricultural sector's overall Gross Domestic Product.
The general purpose of this research was to determine the profitability of banana
cultivation by examining the sociodemographic profile of banana farmers. The district
of Gazipur was chosen for the research due to its considerable banana cultivation.
Through an interview schedule, data were gathered from 60 sample farmers using a
simple random sampling approach. After analyzing the data, it was determined that the
net return is Tk. Tk. 118932.30. Average total cost of banana cultivation were estimated
to be Tk. 86330.70 per hectare. The Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) for banana cultivation
was determined to be 2.38. While the regression coefficients for labor cost (X
1
), Urea
cost (X
3
), and MoP cost (X
5
) were all positive, and mechanical power cost (X
7
) were
all negative and significant at various levels of significance. The coefficients for cost
of sucker (X
2
), the cost of TSP (X
4
) and irrigation cost (X
6
) were determined to be
insignificant in relation to the return on banana cultivation. The positive indication
shows that the return on bananas can be enhanced by raising labor costs, urea costs, and
MoP costs, while the negative sign suggests that the return on bananas may be
decreased by lowering irrigation and mechanical power costs As a result, it was
discovered that banana cultivation was very lucrative. Additionally, this research
highlighted a number of problems and constrains related with banana cultivation. These
were classified as economic, technological, social, and marketing problems and needs
attention of the appropriate authority
GROWTH AND YIELD OF GROUNDNUT VARIETIES AS INFLUENCED BY SEED SIZE
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Submitted to the Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
AGRONOMYA field experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
Bangladesh during the period from October 2019 to April 2020 to study the growth and
yield of groundnut varieties as influenced by seed size. The experiment was carried out in
split plot design considering three varieties i.e., V
1
= BARI Chinabadam-8, V
=
Binacheenabadam-4, V
= Binacheenabadam-6 in the main plot and four levels of seed
size viz. S
1
=Unsorted, S
3
2
= Small, S
3
= Medium, S
= Large in the sub plot replicated
three times. BARI Chinabadam-8 (V
1
4
) gave the highest pod yield (1917 kg ha
) which
was 29.44% and 16.04% higher than Binacheenabadam-4 (V
) and Binacheenabadam-6
(V
3
), respectively. Among the seed size, large seed (S
4
2
) scored the highest pod yield
(2110 kg ha
-1
), whereas small seed (S
2
) showed the lowest pod yield (1161 kg ha
),
which was 44.97% lower than S
4
. BARI Chinabadam-8 (V
) in combination with large
seed (S
4
) produced the highest pod yield (2473 kg ha
-1
1
), whereas Binacheenabadam-4
(V
2
) in combination with small seed (S
2
) produced the lowest pod yield (1040 kg ha
),
which was 57.95% lower than treatment combination of V
1
S
. The higher pod yield was
due to maximum pods plant
-1
followed by seeds pod
-1
4
, pod length, fresh weight of pods
plant
-1
and 100-seed weight. Results revealed that large seed (S
) could be the best for
groundnut production irrespective of varietal difference