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EFFECT OF PRE-HARVEST CYPERMETHRIN SPRAY ON RESIDUAL LEVEL AND BIOCHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES OF STRAWBERRY FRUIT
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
In Partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
HORTICULTUREThe effect of pre-harvest sprays of pesticides on agricultural products poses a risk to human
health. Field studies on residues of pyrethroid pesticide, cypermethrin (ripcord 10E) in ripe
strawberry fruits were conducted during November 2020 to February 2021. Residues were
quantified at different harvest intervals of 0 (2h), 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 12 days after insecticide
application. Strawberry fruits had the highest residual level (0.874 mg/kg) at 0 DAS (Days after
spraying). The detected residue level was higher than the MRL (maximum residue limit) up to 7
DAS (0.101 mg/kg). Therefore, the Pre-Harvest Interval (PHI) of cypermethrin was detected up
to 10 DAS for strawberry. Data indicated that no pesticide residues were detected after 12 DAS.
Spraying of insecticide also affect the quality of strawberries. Strawberry juice had a lower
content of ascorbic acid at 1-7 DAS and a lower titratable acidity at 0 and 3 DAS. The phenolic
content in fruits were increased gradually 1-7 DAS of cypermethrin. As a result, it can be
concluded that delaying fruit harvesting after 7 DAS improves fruit quality by lowering residue
levels below the MRL
EFFECT OF PLANTING GEOMETRY AND SOWING TIME ON GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY OF MUSTARD
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Submitted to the Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
AGRONOMYThe experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka to find out the effect of planting geometry and
sowing time on growth and productivity of mustard during the period from October
2019 to March 2020. The experiment consisted of two factors; Factor A: Three sowing
times viz., S
1
: Sowing on 25
th
October, S
2
: Sowing on 10
th
November and S
: Sowing
on 30
th
November, 2019; Factors B: Four planting geometries viz., G
= Random
geometry, G
2
= 25 cm × 5 cm, G
3
= 30 cm × 5 cm and G
= 35 cm × 5 cm. The
experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three
replications. Plant height, leaves plant
-1
, branches plant
-1
,
4
1
3
dry matter weight plant
,
siliquae plant
-1
, seeds siliqua
-1
, length of siliqua, 1000 seed weight, seed yield, stover
yield, biological yield and harvest index were compared among the combinations and
individual effects of treatments. Results indicated that, sowing time and planting
geometry had significant influence on most of the growth, yield and yield contributing
characters of mustard. The maximum seed yield (2.16 t ha
-1
) was obtained from S
and
the minimum seed yield (1.68 t ha
-1
) was obtained from S
. In the case of planting
geometry, the maximum seed yield (2.00 t ha
-1
3
) was obtained from G
and the minimum
seed yield (1.82 t ha
-1
) was obtained from G
1
3
. Thus, it was revealed that when mustard
was sown on 10
th
November with 30 cm × 5 cm geometric pattern resulted with the
highest seed yield (2.24 t ha
-1
). The lowest seed yield (1.58 t ha
-1
) was obtained from the
30
th
November sowing with random geometry. So, it may be recorded that mustard
sowing on 10
th
November with 30 cm × 5 cm planting geometry (S
) could be the
most suitable combination for the potential yield improvement in Bangladesh
WEED CONTROL EFFICIENCY OF HERBICIDE MIXTURES IN TRANSPLANTED AMAN RICE VARIETIES
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Submitted to the Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
AGRONOMYA field experiment was carried out at the Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla
Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July to December-2019, to
investigate the efficacy of herbicide mixtures against weeds in transplanted aman rice
varieties. The experiment consisted of two factors i.e., herbicide treatments 4 levels
viz., weedy check(H0), Bispyribac-sodium WP @ 150 g ha
-1
(H1), Acitachlor 14%+
Bensulfuron methyl 4% WP @ 750 g ha
-1
(H3) and Pretilachlor 6% + pyrazosulfuron
0.15% WP @ 9.88 kg ha
-1
(H4) and T. aman rice varieties 4 levels viz.,
Chinigura(V1), BR11(Mukta)(V2), BRRI dhan56(V3), and BRRI hybrid dhan6(V4).
The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design placing herbicide mixtures in main
plots and rice varieties in sub plots with three replications. Results indicated that
thirteen weed species infested the experimental plots belonging to nine families where
the most dominating were broadleaf and sedge weed species. Monochoria vaginalis
was the most dominant weed with (36 and 18 m
-2
having relative density (15.93 and
16.98 % respectively) in weedy check plot at 30 and 60 DAT, respectively.
Application of different herbicides, rice varieties, and their combination significantly
influenced weed control and crop performance. Applications of mixed herbicides
gave superior rice yields over the single herbicide where Acitachlor 14% +
Bensulfuron methyl 4% WP @ 750 g ha
-1
reduced weeds growth and biomass
significantly. Among rice varieties, BR11(Mukta) rice variety produced the highest
grain yield(4.71 t ha
-1
) with better yield contributing parameters and grain yield.
Application of Acitachlor 14%+ Bensulfuron methyl 4% WP @ 750 g ha
in
BR11(Mukta) rice variety produced the highest grain yield (5.57 t ha
), straw yield
(6.76 t ha
-1
), biological yield (12.33 t ha
1
), and harvest index (45.09%) which also
recorded the highest gross return (1,46,010 Tk.), net return (88,699 Tk.) and benefitcost
ratio (2.55) comparable to other combinations. This indicated that herbicide
mixture application in the best way of controlling complex weed flora and enhanced
productivity and profitability in transplanted rice
PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF WHEAT PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF NAOGAON DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agribusiness Management,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (M.S.)
IN
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICSBangladesh is an agricultural country and wheat is one of the most important crops of
our daily life. The study was conducted at Nagaon Sadar upazila to examine the
profitability, resource use efficiency, socioeconomic conditions, constraints and some
probable solutions for wheat cultivation. A total of 80 respondents selected from the
four villages as a sample for the present study. A simple random sampling technique
was used for the selection of samples. Both primary and secondary data were used for
the study. Different statistical analysis including Cobb-Douglas model are employed
to fulfill the objectives of the study. The results reveal that the total variable cost was
Tk. 66468, fixed cost was Tk. 17994 and total cost was Tk. 84462 per hectare for
wheat production. Gross return of the wheat production was Tk. 113528. Net return
was Tk. 29066 and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) was 1.34. In the study area, use of
labor, land preparation, manure and irrigation for wheat farming was overused as
well as seed, fertilizer and pesticide were underused. Use of labor, seed, fertilizer,
pesticide, and irrigation were statistically significant except manure and land
preparation were not significant. Wheat cultivars faced some problems such as lack of
operating capital, scarcity of fertilizers, lack of good quality seeds, disease and pest
infestation, lack of storage facilities, lack of transportation facility, low market price
of wheat product and higher price of wheat inputs etc. The findings of the study can
help the policy makers to make policy for eliminating the problems of the farmers;
overall the development of the economy. Government should emphasize on providing
sufficient storage facilities, proper financial assistance and support of agricultural
inputs with low price
PROFITABILITY AND TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF BANANA PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF NARSINGDI DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agribusiness Management
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICSThe present study was designed to examine economic analysis on profitability and
technical efficiency of banana farmers in selected Monohardi, Shibpur, Palash
upazilas in Narsingdi district. Primary data were collected from randomly selected
100 farmers during February to April 2020. Both tabular and functional analyses
were applied in this study. The Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production
function was used for this study to measure technical efficiency of banana farmers.
The study revealed that banana production was profitable. Total cost of production
was Tk. 193978.60 per hectare. Gross return was Tk. 346923.73 per hectare and net
return was Tk. 286603.40 per hectare. Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was 2.48, which
implies that one taka investment in banana production generated profit of Tk. 1.48.
The coefficients of parameters like cost of mechanical power, sucker, irrigation,
fertilizer, insecticides and bamboo were positive and significant at different level of
significance, which indicated positive effect on banana production. Whereas
coefficients of parameters such as, cost of human labor and manure were negative
and insignificant which implied negative effect on banana production. In the
technical inefficiency effect model, experience, farm size, extension service and
credit service had negative coefficients indicating that this helped in reducing
technical inefficiency of banana farmers. The study also identified some problems
faced by the banana farmers like insect-pest and diseases, use of fertilizer and
pesticide, scarcity of High Yielding Variety and suggested some recommendations
to improve the present production situation so that per hectare yield of banana would
possibly be increased
FARMERS‟ KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE ON FISH FARMING
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SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE,
SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, DHAKA
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION & INFORMATION SYSTEM
SEMESTER: JANUARY-JUNE, 2019The present study was aimed to assess farmers‟ knowledge and practice on fish
farming and explore the relationships between the seven (7) selected characteristic of
the fish farmers with their i) knowledge and ii) practices on fish farming. The relevant
data were collected through interviewing randomly selected 77 farmers from the
population of 394 farmers of four (4) selected villages (Wazirpur, Bahirdanga,
Tularampur & Benahati) of sadar upazilla of Narail district. Data were collected
during the period from 01 to 30 January, 2021. Descriptive statistics such as mean,
standard deviation, range and percentage were used to describe the variables under
consideration and Pearson's Product Moment Co-efficient of Correlation was used to
examine the relationship of the selected characteristics of the farmers with their i)
knowledge and ii) practice on fish farming. The findings of the study revealed that
two-thirds (66.2 percent) of the farmers had low to medium knowledge on fish
farming. Again two-thirds (66.2 percent) of the farmers had low to medium practice
on fish farming. Correlation analysis indicated that among the selected characteristics
of the farmers‟ education, fish farming area, annual income from fish farming and
extension contact had positively significant relationship with their knowledge on fish
farming. Again fish farming area, annual income from fish farming and extension
contact had significant relationship with their practice on fish farming. Two-thirds
proportion of the farmers having low to medium knowledge and practice on fish
farming leads to conclude to increase the knowledge and practice of fish farming by
increasing contact with the farmers to increase their area of fish farming and income
from fish farming
YIELD TRIAL AMONG ADVANCED POPULATIONS OF RAPESEED (Brassica rapa L.)
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submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING
SEMESTER: JAN-JUNE, 2021The present study was under taken using nine promising advanced populations of
Brassica rapa L. at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka during November 2019 to March 2020. Thirteen yield contributing characters
were taken for evaluating the advanced populations. To find out the variations among
the yield contributing characters of the populations heritability, genetic advance,
correlation, direct and indirect effect of different characters on seed yield were
analysed. Analysis of variance disclosed significant variations among all populations
for all the traits. Minimum difference between phenotypic and genotypic variance was
observed in days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, root length, number of
primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, length of siliqua,
number of seeds per siliqua, thousand seed weight and seed yield/m
2
. However, high
genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed in the number of
secondary branches per plant, number of siliquae per plant, thousand seed weight and
seed yield/m
2
. High heritability with low genetic advance was exhibited in days to first
flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to 80% maturity, length of siliqua, number of
primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of seeds
per siliqua, thousand seed weight and seed yield/m
2
whereas high heritability with
high genetic advance was observed in the number of siliquae per plant indicating high
potentiality for selection of the trait. Correlation study revealed that seed yield/m
had
a significant positive correlation with days to maturity, number of primary branches
per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of siliquae per plant, length
of siliqua and thousand seed weight at the genotypic and phenotypic level. Direct
positive effect on seed yield /m
2
was found in days to maturity, root length, the
number of secondary branches per plant and thousand seed weight through path
coefficient analysis. Higher seed yield/m
2
was observed in G5(244.38g), followed by
G2(234.3g), G6(231.68 g). Among the populations, G5 was selected as the most
promising population on the basis of days to maturity (76.33DAS), number of siliquae
per plant (20.28), thousand seed weight (3.82g) and seed yield/m
(244.38g).
2
EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF BROCCOLI (Brassica oleracea var. italica L)
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
In partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
HORTICULTUREA field experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh, during November 2021 to March 2022 to find out the
effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer managements for the growth and yield of broccoli
(Brassica oleracea var. italica). The experiment comprised 9 different treatments of organic and
inorganic fertilizer and their combination viz., T
0
: Control (without fertilizer); T
1
: Cow dung
(CD) @ 15 ton/ha; T
2
: Recommend fertilizer dose @ CD
10
t N
150
kg P
150
:
Vermicompost @ 10 ton/ha and Trichoderma @ 22 kg/ha; T
4
: Vermicompost @ 10 ton/ha and
biochar 150 kg/ha; T
5
: Kitchen compost @ 8 ton/ha; T
6
kg K
120
kg/ha
: Mushroom compost @ 5 ton/ha; T
7
:
Vermicompost (50%) + Cowdung (50%) and T
8
: Mushroom Spent compost @ 5 ton/ha (60%) +
Vermicompost (20%) + Trichoderma (20%) and experiment was setup in Randomized Complete
Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. A positive impact of each fertilizer was observed
on vegetative growth and yield of the crop. Early curd initiation (44.33 days after transplanting),
maximum curd diameter (13.58 cm), maximum weight of primary curd (344.2 g), maximum
number of secondary curd (6.67), maximum weight of secondary curd (210 g), maximum dry
matter content (9.86%) of curd, highest yield plant
-1
(550 g), yield plot
-1
(4.95 kg) and yield ha
(26.76 t) were found from T
2
treatment, while the control treatment gave the lowest. The highest
benefit cost ratio (3.40) was noted from T
2
and the lowest (1.21) from T
4
. Considering the
differences between different organic fertilizers with the recommended dose, the lowest
differences of plant height (1.57 cm) at 60 DAT, diameter (0.33 cm) of primary curd, weight
(26.1 g) of primary curd, per plant yield (21.9 g) and yield (1.07 t/ha) of broccoli over the
recommended dose was observed in T
8
treatment. Considering the sustainable yield, application
of recommend fertilizer dose @ CD
10
kg/ha seemed to be more promising for
broccoli cultivation and among the organic fertilizers, the combination Mushroom Spent
compost @ 5 ton/ha (60%) + Vermicompost (20%) + Trichoderma (20%) was best in respect of
plant growth and yield
EFFECT OF ZINC AND BORON FERTILIZATION ON THE YIELD OF BARI TOMATO 17 (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
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Submitted to the Department of Soil Science
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
In partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
SOIL SCIENCE
SEMESTER: JANUARY- JUNE, 2021The experiment was conducted during October 2019 to March 2020 in the farm of
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University. The experiment consisted of two factors:
Factor A: three Zn levels viz. Zn0 (0 kg Zn ha-1
; control), Zn1 (2 kg Zn ha-1
) and Zn2
(4 kg Zn ha-1
) and Factor B: three B levels viz. B0 (0 kg B ha-1
; control), B1 (1.5 kg B
ha-1
) and B2 (3 kg B ha-1
). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete
Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. BARI tomato 17 was used as plant
material. Different zinc and boron levels influenced significantly on most of the
recorded parameters. In case of different Zn levels, the highest results regarding
growth, yield and yield contributing parameters were obtained from Zn1 (2 kg Zn ha-1
)
compared to Zn2 (4 kg Zn ha-1
) and control. Zn1 (2 kg Zn ha-1
) showed the highest
number of fruits plant-1
(22.42), fruit weight plant-1 (1.67 kg) and fruit yield (69.63 t
ha-1
). Regarding boron treatment, B1 (1.5 kg B ha-1
) showed best results on most of
the yield and yield contributing parameters compared to B2 (3 kg B ha-1
) and control.
B1 (1.5 kg B ha-1
) gave the highest number of fruits plant-1
(23.07), fruit weight plant-1
(1.71 kg) and fruit yield (71.19 t ha-1
). In terms of treatment combination of zinc and
boron, the highest number of branches plant-1 (9.67), number of flowers plant-1
(32.53), number of fruits plant-1
(24.80), fruit weight plant-1
(1.86 kg) and yield (77.57
t ha-1
) were recorded from Zn1B1 (2 kg Zn ha-1
1.5 kg B ha-1
) whereas the lowest was
recorded from Zn0B0 (0 kg Zn ha-1 with 0 kg B ha-1
). So, the treatment combination of
Zn1B1 (2 kg Zn ha-1 with 1.5 kg B ha-1
) can be considered as best compared to the rest
of the treatment combinations
STUDY ON POLLINATOR DIVERSITY IN LITCHI ORCHARD
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Submitted to the Department of Entomology
Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
ENTOMOLOGYA study was conducted in the village Kachubari of Thakurgaon district in a
litchi orchard to keep record of the diversity and relative abundance of litchi
flower visiting insect and to see the production difference in the condition of
netting (T
2
) and without netting (T
1
). In without netting (T
) condition, the
maximum number of inflorescences per branch was 8.01(no.) whereas the
minimum no was 8.03 (no.) in netting condition. The percentage of Male,
Female and Hermaphrodite flower was 28%, 40% and 32% respectively. We
have found different kind of insect’s species that visit the litchi flower
including honeybees, ants, different flies and some other insects. The most
visited pollinator were Honeybee (49.72%) then Ant (36.5%) and the lowest
visited was Dipteran (22%). The other foraging insects were some
Lepidopteran, Coleopteran, Hemipteran etc. The foraging time of the
honeybees were high at 6.00am to 8.00am and 4.00 pm to 6.00 pm. The
butterflies were present during 10.00 pm to 2.00 pm. Other than honeybees the
ant and the flies were noticed almost throughout the day. In the netting
condition the flies, honeybees, butterfly, beetles and other foraging insects
were not able to enter the net but ants were seen in the net. The yield difference
between the netting and without netting condition was very significant. In
netting condition, the yield was 8% (0.11 kg/branch) whereas without netting
condition it was 92% (1.28 kg/branch) due to the pollinating agent. From this
study it is evident that the role of pollinators on litchi orchard is very
significant. It also helps to let us know to conserve pollinator in Litchi orchard