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EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF SOME PROMISING INSECTICIDES AGAINST MAJOR INSECT PESTS OF OKRA AND THEIR EFFECT ON NATURAL ENEMIES
Get PDFA Thesis
Submitted to Department of Entomology,
Faculty of Agriculture.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka-
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
ENTOMOLOGYThe study was conducted in the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Dhaka-1207 during the period from March, 2022 to July, 2022 to find out
the efficacy of different doses of some promising insecticides against major insect
pests of okra and their effect on natural enemies. The treatments of the experiment
were composed of three different doses of three promising insecticides with a
untreated control viz. T
1
= Belt 24 WG (flubendiamide) @ 0.25 gm/L water, T
= Belt
24 WG (flubendiamide) @ 0.50 gm/L water, T
= Belt 24 WG (flubendiamide) @
0.75 gm/L water, T
4
3
= Voliam flexi 300 SC (chlorantraniliprole + thiamethoxam) @
0.25 ml/L water, T
= Voliam flexi 300 SC (chlorantraniliprole + thiamethoxam) @
0.50 ml/L water, T
5
= Voliam flexi 300 SC (chlorantraniliprole + thiamethoxam) @
0.75 ml/L water, T
6
= Pine 6 WG (emamectin benzoate + abamectin) @ 0.25 gm/L
water, T
8
7
= Pine 6 WG (emamectin benzoate + abamectin) @ 0.50 gm/L water, T
=
Pine 6 WG (emamectin benzoate + abamectin) @ 0.75 gm/L water and T
=
Untreated Control. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block
Design (RCBD) with three replications. Each of the treatments was applied at 10 days
interval and data was taken before each spraying. The data were recorded on shoot
infestation at vegetative and fruiting stages; fruit infestation at early, mid and late
fruiting stage; plant and yield related attributes as well as yield of okra. Among nine
treatments, T
reduced the highest percent of shoot infestation (66.58 & 75.94%) over
control at vegetative and fruiting stage, respectively followed by T
9
(58.35 & 75.94%,
respectively); whereas, T
1
8
showed the least performance (42.51 & 63.05%
respectively). In case of fruit infestation, T
produced the least number of infested
fruits by number (1.08, 0.83 & 0.79) at early, mid and late fruiting stages, respectively
followed by T
3
, T
4
and T
8
; whereas, T
6
9
showed the poor performance after control
treatment. Considering plant and yield related attributes, T
produced maximum
number of fruit (35.17) followed by T
9
(34.07) and T
5
8
(31.67); fruit length (15.71) and
girth (6.40) and highest single fruit weight (26.51 gm) followed by T
. At
vegetative stage, jassid and whitefly population was lowest (0.25) and (0.12) observed
from T
8
and T
treatment respectively. The untreated plot influenced largest number
of jassid and whitefly population (1.13 and 1.35) at vegetative stage. The jassid and
whitefly was recorded lowest (1.18 and 0.83) from T
5
at flowering stage of okra. In
case of natural enemy (ladybird beetle, black ant, spider, lacewing and syrphid fly) the
untreated plot generated maximum number followed by T
9
whereas; the higher doses
for each insecticide yielded lowest number of population compare to control. In case
of all yield attributing characters, the untreated control showed the least performance.
Similarly, the highest fruit yield (19.56 ton/ha) was also achieved by T
1
with the
increase of 51.50% yield over control; whereas, T
showed the least performance
(13.91ton/ha) with the lowest percent of yield increase (7.75%). The yield of okra was
negatively correlated with shoot infestation (r = -0.451), but positively correlated with
single fruit weight (r = 0.970) whereas, length of fruit is positively correlated with
single fruit weight (r = 0.961). So, recommended doses of insecticides are better for
getting best economic return from okra production
EFFECT OF SOME BOTANICALS AND BIOCONTROL AGENTS ON INSECT PESTS OF BRINJAL (Solanum melongena L.) FOR ITS QUALITY PRODUCTION
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Submitted to the Institute of Seed Technology,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
In Partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
SEED TECHNOLOGYAn experiment was conducted at the central farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh to evaluate the effect of some botanicals and
biocontrol agent on insect pests of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) (BARI Begun-7) for its
quality production during the period from October 2021 to April 2022. The experiment was laid
out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Seven treatments,
viz. Treatment were T
1
: Neem oil @ 4ml/L of water at 7 days interval; T
: Neem seed kernel @
300g/L of water at 7 days interval; T
3
ii
2
: Sanitation + Trichogramma evanescens at the rate of 1
card/plot at weekly interval (1000 eggs per card); T
: Braconid wasps at the rate of 20-25/plot at
weekly interval + field sanitation; T
5
4
: Bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki @ 1ml suspension
/L of water + Safeclean 2.5 ml/L of water at 7 days interval; T
: Botanical pesticides Safeclean
5 ml/L of water at 7 days interval; T
7
6
: Untreated control was included in this study. In case of
different treatments performance, T
(Bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki @ 1ml suspension
/L of water + Safeclean 2.5 ml/L of water at 7 days interval) showed the best results in terms of
incidence of brinjal shoot and fruit borer, number of Jassid plant
number of Epilachna beetle plant
-1
5
, number of Whitefly plant
-1
-1
, number of Aphid plant
, yield of healthy and infested
fruit, yield contributing characters and yield (t/ha) of brinjal. In term of yield of total fruits, the
highest yield of total fruits (50.96 t/ha) was obtained from in T
treatment which was closely
similar with others treatment except untreated control. There was negative relationship present
5
in number of brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Jassid, Aphid, Epilachna beetle, Whitefly and fruit
infestation in number basis with the yield of brinjal, i.e. when the average number of brinjal
shoot and fruit borer was increased the yield of brinjal was decreased. Same correlation found
for average number of Jassid, Aphid, Epilachna beetle, Whitefly. From the study, it may be
concluded that treatment T
(Bacillus thuringiensis serovar kurstaki @ 1ml suspension /L of
water + Safeclean 2.5 ml/L of water at 7 days interval) was the most efficients than others
treatment for the effect of some botanicals and biocontrol agent on insect pests of brinjal
(Solanum melongena L.) for its quality production which was followed by spraying of T
5
(Botanical pesticides Safeclean 5 ml/L of water at 7 days interval) treatment
MANAGEMENT OF FUSARIUM WILT OF BRINJAL (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae) BY USING DIFFERENT ORGANIC AMENDMENTS
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
PLANT PATHOLOGYA field experiment was conducted in the central farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University and lab experiment was conducted in the lab of Department of Plant Pathology,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from September 2021 to
April, 2022. The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of selected treatments viz. T
0
= Control ; T
1
= Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS) ; T
2
= Vermicompost ; T
3
= Poultry
manure; T
4
= Biochar ; T
5
= Spent Mushroom Substrate + Biochar ; T
6
= Spent Mushroom
Substrate + Poultry manure ; T
7
= Spent Mushroom Substrate + Vermicompost for the
management of Fusarium wilt of brinjal. In response to different selected treatments, yield
and yield attributes were recorded. On the basis of visible symptoms infected plants and
percent disease incidence were also recorded. The lowest disease incidence was found in
T
5
(Spent Mushroom Substrate + Biochar) followed by T
6
(Spent Mushroom Substrate +
Poultry manure) and the highest disease incidence was found in T
0
. The effect of different
treatments on yield and yield contributing characters also studied and significance variation
was observed. For yield contributing characters the lowest result was found in untreated
control T
0
and the highest result was found in T
5
which was statistically similar with T
6
.In
response to different selected treatments for yield, the highest performances was observed
where Spent Mushroom Substrate + Biochar was used. From the findings of the present
study, it may be concluded that Spent Mushroom Substrate + Biochar and Spent Mushroom
Substrate + Poultry manure can be used as ecofriendly approach for the management of
fusarium wilt of brinjal. However, further investigation is needed to justify the present
findings
FARMERS’ KNOWLEDGE ON VALUE CHAIN OF WATERMELON MARKETING
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Submitted to Department of Entomology,
Faculty of Agriculture.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka-
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION & INFORMATION SYSTEMThe purpose of this research was to determine farmers’ knowledge on value chain of
watermelon marketing, describe farmers selected characteristics and explore
contributing relationship between farmers selected characteristics and knowledge on
value chain of water melon marketing. The study was conducted in 2 villages of
Subarnachar upazilla under Noakhali district. The population of the watermelon
cultivars of these two villages were 365 from which 109 samples were selected by
random sampling method. Data collection was done by preparing an interview
schedule. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, range and
percentage were used to describe the variables. Regression analysis was done to
measure the relationship between the independent variables and dependent variable.
The majority (94.5%) of the watermelon farmers possessed low to medium
knowledge about value chain of water melon marketing followed by high knowledge
(8.3%) farmers. The inferential analysis showed that income from watermelon,
extension contact and experience in watermelon cultivation were the variables had
significant relation with farmers knowledge on value chain of watermelon marketing.
Department of Agricultural Marketing (DAM) and Department of Agricultural
Extension (DAE) should take steps to increase farmers knowledge on water melon
value chain marketing and improve their farm income
COMPARATIVE PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS BETWEEN SUMMER TOMATO AND WINTER TOMATO IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF CUMILLA DISTRICT
Get PDFA thesis submitted to the department of Agricultural Economics, Sher-e-Bangla
Agricultural University, Dhaka, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICSVegetables are essential for giving nutrition, generating cash, and creating work
possibilities in Bangladesh, a South Asian nation that is heavily dependent on
agriculture and is both extremely impoverished and densely populated. To assess the
profitability, contribution of factors to production, and changes in the socioeconomic
status of the farmers, a study was conducted in Rarirchar, Borogovindapur and
Madhaya villages of Chandina Upazilla to examine the profitability, contribution of
factors in yield, and socioeconomic status of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)
producing farmers. The study was conducted used a straightforward random
sampling technique. To evaluate the effects on tomato output, the major production
parameters included seeds, labor, land preparation, fertilizer, manure, irrigation, and
pesticides were taken into account. Summer tomatoes produced by farmers brought
in the best profit of the two varieties. Summer tomato gross returns per hectare was
Tk. 1206555 and net return was Tk. 557838, while winter tomato gross returns were
Tk. 825538, and the equivalent net returns were Tk. 204984. The benefit cost ratio
for summer tomatoes was 1.86 while the benefit cost ratio for winter tomatoes was
1.33. The coefficient of determination (R
2
) was approximately 0.68 for summer
tomatoes, indicating that the independent variables can account for about 68 percent
of differences in tomato production and R
2
was 0.671 for winter tomatoes and
indicating that the independent variables can account for about 67 percent of
differences in tomato production. The results showed that the variables for
irrigation, fertilizer, and insecticides had a significant favorable impact on tomato
output for both summer and winter tomatoes. In terms of resource efficiency, hired
labor and irrigation are overutilized for both summer and winter tomatoes.
However, for both types, less manure, fertilizer, and land preparation is
underutilize
EFFECTIVENESS OF KHETKHAMAR PROGRAM OF LOKOBETAR FOR DISSEMINATING FARM INFORMATION
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Submitted to Department of Entomology,
Faculty of Agriculture.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka-
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION & INFORMATION SYSTEMKhetkhamar program of Lokobetar (a community radio) may help in disseminating
farm information quickly to the listener farmers. This research aimed to investigate
the effectiveness of Lokobetar for disseminating farm information as perceived by the
listener farmers; determine the item-wise effectiveness of Lokobetar for disseminating
farm information; to determine some selected socio-economic characteristics of the
Lokobetar listener farmers; explore the contribution of the selected characteristics of
the listener farmers to their perceived effectiveness of Lokobetar and determine the
severities problems faced by the listener farmers for getting agricultural information
through Lokobetar including suggestions to minimize the problems. Data were
collected from randomly selected 110 listener farmers of ‘Lokobetar’ from ‘Sadar’
upazila of Barguna district. Findings reveled that majority (60.9%) of the respondent
listener farmers’ perceived moderate effectiveness of Khetkhamar (agricultural)
programs of Lokobetar and rest 39.1% of them perceived high effectiveness of
Khetkhamar programs of Lokobetar for disseminating farm information. Based on
descending order of Standardized Effectiveness Index (SEI), ‘timeliness of
broadcasting informat ion’ ranked 1
st
followed by ‘adequacy of agricultural
informat ion’, ‘reliability of agricultural information’ and ‘usabilit y of agricultural
informat ion’. Stepwise mult iple regression analysis showed that ‘time spend in
farming’, ‘attitude towards Lokobetar, ‘education’ of the Lokobetar listening farmers
had positive contribution to their perceived effectiveness of Lokobetar for
disseminating farm information. Based on descending order of Standardized Problem
Faced Index (SPFI), “lack of radio for listening” ranked 1
st
followed by, “weakness of
network/signal”, “limited time for broadcasting” , “lack of feed-back facility after
listening”, “lack of suitabilit y broadcast ing time”, “lack of usabilit y of informat ion”,
“lack of reliabilit y of informat ion”, “inadequacy of informat ion” and “obscurit y of
voice’. Based on these findings, it may be said that agricultural programs containing
adequate, reliable and usable information on innovations should be broadcasted at
suitable time. Effectiveness of Lokobetar for disseminating farm information among
all categories of farmers should be increased by supplying radio to the listener
farmers’ club, strengthening network and signal capacit y of the radios, increasing
broadcasting time of agricultural program and increasing feedback facility with the
listener farmers
EFFECT OF SALT STRESS ON MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF OKRA GENOTYPES (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDINGAn experiment was undertaken in the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding,
SAU, Dhaka, to select salt-tolerant okra genotype during August 2022 to April 2023.
Salt experiment with eight okra genotypes treated with T
0
ds/m) and T
3
ix
(control), T
1
(3 ds/m), T
2
(9 ds/m) salt folding CRD design. Genotype stress relationship was
assessed using agromorphogenic and physiological characteristics. T
0
and T
0
V
7
V
1
(35.00 days) had the shortest initial blooming times while longest time taken
for first flowering was found in T
3
whereas T
0
longest in T
3
In T
0
T
3
V
8
V
1
, T
0
, T
3
V
4
V
1
, T
0
V
4
V
5
V
5
, T
0
and T
3
, T
0
V
6
and T
3
V
7
V
2
, T
0
V
3
(20.0g) was recorded in T
0
, T
1
V
1
V
4
(43 days). T
1
and T
1
V
5
V
6
(6
(35.00 days)
took 48 days to blossom 50%,
took 41 days. First fruit setting took the
(46.00 days) and the quickest in T
0
V
7
and T
0
V
8
V
1
and T
0
V
5
(38.00 days).
the highest fruit number (9.00) per plant whereas
had the lowest (3.00). The maximum individual fruit weight
V
2
and T
0
V
3
The maximum fruit length was 13.63 cm in T
0
The lowest fruit diameter (14.32 mm) was in T
3
in T
0
V
2
, T
0
V
3
18.00 gm in T
3
, T
0
V
5
V
4
while the lowest was 6.67g in T
3
V
3
V
5
and T
3
and the lowest was 8.03 cm in T
3
V
5
, while the biggest (20.69 mm) was
. Maximum yield per plant was 158 gm in T
0
V
2
V
7
V
4
and lowest was
. When salinity and okra genotypes interact, physiological traits vary.
The SPAD value was greatest in T
0
experiment results showed that V
6
V
4
(55.33) and lowest in T
3
V
7
(29.58). Salinity
(OK 285 Okra) responded well under T
2
treatment, suggesting suitable for mild to moderate saline prone areas. V
8
and V
3
(Hira) worked well in T
2
prone areas
INCIDENCE AND ECOFRIENDLY MANAGEMENT OF CAPSICUM FRUIT BORER, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)
Get PDFA Thesis
Submitted to Department of Entomology,
Faculty of Agriculture.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka-
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
ENTOMOLOGYAn experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from November 2020 to March 2021 to
study the incidence and ecofriendly management of Capsicum fruit borer. The
experiment consists of control measures and plant extract. The experiment was laid out in
Randomized Complete Block Design replicated with four times. For this study having six
treatment, viz: Treatment T
1
: Field Sanitation + Netting; T
: Field sanitation + rice straw
mulch; T
3:
2
Field sanitation + Spinosad (Tracer) @ 0.5ml/L of water at the 7 days
intervals; T
4:
Black polythene + leaf extract of neem at the 7 days intervals; T
: Field
sanitation + Neem oil @ 2.0 ml/L of water with detergent at the 7 days intervals; T
:
control were included in this study. The results showed that the presence of capsicum
fruit borers (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) at various fruiting stages destroys the
capsicum fruit contents and is one of the major constraints to increasing bell pepper
yields. Thus, for the management of capsicum fruit borer, it was discovered that
treatment T
(Field sanitation + Spinosad at 7-day intervals) was the most effective
treatment for reducing insect pest infestation at all growing stages. While the lowest
performance was observed in T
3
6
(Control) was followed by T
(Field Sanitation +
Netting) treatment. The highest total yield hectare
-1
was found from T
1
(23.43 ton), while
the lowest yield hectare
-1
was found from T
6
2
(19.54 ton) treatment. The yield of capsicum
was highly significant (p=0.05), very strong and negatively correlated with infested fruit
yield (t/ha) i.e., the total yield of capsicum increased with the infested fruit yield (t/ha)
decreased. From the study, it may be concluded that treatment T
which comprised with
the Field sanitation + Spinosad at the 7 days intervals used as a best treatment against
Capsicum fruit borer which was followed by spraying of T
5
3
treatment
EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND NAPTHELIC ACETIC ACID ON GROWTH, YIELD AND NUTRIENT CONTENT OF STEVIA (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)
Get PDFA Thesis
Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRYThe experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen and napthelic acetic acid on
growth, yeild and nutrient content of stevia. The trail was laid out in Randomized Complete
Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments (nirogen) used were N
1
: control,
N
2
: 105 kg ha
-1
, N
3
: 140 kg ha
-1
, N
4
: 175 kg ha
-1
, N
5
: 210 kg ha
-1
. The applied napthelic acitic
acids (NAA) were H
1
: control, H
2
: 50 ppm, H
3
: 100 ppm and H
4
: 150 ppm. Data were collected
on plant height (cm), number of branch plant
-1
, number of leaves plant
-1
, leaf area plant
),
fresh weight plant
(g), fresh leaf yield ha
-1
(g), dry weight plant
-1
-1
(kg), dry leaf yield ha
(g), fresh leaf yield plant
-1
-1
-1
(cm
(g), dry leaf yield plant
(kg), N(%), P (%), K (%), S (%), Ca (%), Mg
(%), and Zn (µg g
-1
) of stevia leaf along with initial and post harvest soil analysis. Significant
variations were observed in plant height, number of leaves plant
-1
, leaf area plant
) number
of primary and secondary branch plant
-1
in different level of nitrogen application. Significant the
highest plant height, number of leaves plant
-1
, leaf area plant
-1
(cm
2
) number of primary and
secondary branch plant
-1
was observed in N
3
-1
(cm
2
treatmnet and the lowest was observed in N
1
(control) treatment at 21 DAT to 147 DAT, respectively. Applying 100 ppm NAA was the
significant effect in increasing height in H
3
(100 ppm NAA) at 21 DAT to 147 DAT,
respectively and the lowest plant height, number of leaves plant
-1
, leaf area plant
) number
of primary and secondary branch plant
-1
was observed in control (NAA) treatment. The highest
plant height, number of leaves plant
-1
, leaf area plant
-1
(cm
2
) number of primary and secondary
branch plant
-1
heights was found in N
3
H
3
treatment and the lowest was found in N
1
(with no
nitrogen application × with no NAA application) at all growth stages. The N, K, Mg, and Zn
content of stevia leaf was significantly affected by different levels of nitrogen and NAA. The
highest N, K, Mg, and Zn content was observed when the plot was treated with nitrogen140 kg
ha
-1
× 100 ppm NAA (N
3
H
3
) and the lowest N, K, Mg and Zn content was recorded in the control
treatment. Significantly highest fresh weight plant
-1
, fresh weight ha
-1
-1
(cm
2
H
1
, dry weight plant
, dry
weight ha
-1
was observed in N
3
treatment and lowest was observed in N
1
treatment in stevia plant.
The intraction effect of nitrogen and NAA in most of the combination should significantly the
highest fresh weight plant
-1
, fresh weight ha
-1
, dry weight plant
-1
, dry weight ha
, fresh leaf yield
ha
-1
and dry leaf yield ha
-1
was observed in N
3
H
3
-1
treatment and lowest was observed in N
1
treatment. The intraction effect of nitrogen and NAA in most of the combination should
significantly the highest fresh weight plant
-1
, fresh weight ha
-1
1
, fresh leaf yield ha
-1
and dry leaf yield ha
-1
was observed in N
3
, dry weight plant
H
3
and lowest was observed in
N
1
H
1
treatment. Thus, the application of nitrogen and napthelic acitic acid had positive impact on
leaf production resulted in higher yield economic stevia. From the result it can be recommended
that nitrogen 140 kg ha
-1
and NAA 100 ppm is might be suitable for commercial field cultivation
of stevia production in Bangladesh
ADOPTION OF HYBRID MAIZE VARIETIES BY THE FARMERS OF MITHAMOIN UPAZILA UNDER KISHOREGANJ DISTRICT
Get PDFA Thesis
Submitted to Department of Entomology,
Faculty of Agriculture.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka-
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION & INFORMATION SYSTEMThe purpose of the study was to describe the selected characteristics of the maize
farmers, to determine and describe the extent of adoption of hybrid maize varieties
by the farmers and also to explore the relationships between the selected
characteristics of the farmers and their adoption of hybrid maize varieties. The
study was conducted at Hossainpur village in Ghagra union of Mithamoin Upazila
under Kishoreganj district. Data were collected by using interview schedule from
the randomly selected 101 respondents during 01 January to 31 January, 2022.
Apart from descriptive statistics, Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient
was
used
for
analysis.
Findings
indicated
that
the
majority
(65.34
percent)
of
the farmers had medium to high adoption of hybrid maize varieties while 7.92
percent had low adoption and 26.73 percent had no adoption. Out of eleven
selected characteristics of the farmers, four, namely education, training exposure,
innovativeness and knowledge of hybrid maize varieties had positive significant
relationship. Therefore, it may be recommended that extension service providers like
DAE should arrange more learning events for the farmers, so that they can increase their
knowledge to adopt hybrid maize varieties. On the other hand, farmers faced various
types of problems to adopt hybrid maize varieties. Government and non-government
institutions should take necessary steps to overcome these problems