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IMPACT OF AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS ON TREE SPECIES DIVERSITY AND FARMERS LIVELIHOOD OF BHOLA SADAR AND DAULAT KHAN UPAZILA IN BHOLA DISTRICT
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
AGROFORESTRY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCEThe purpose of this study was to assess the impact of agroforestry system on tree species
diversity and farmers livelihood of Bhola sadar and Daulat Khan upazila in Bhola district.
Assessment was done by approach of purposive random sampling. Information
concentrated from an accumulation of 64 households ranging from marginal, small,
medium and large categories. A total of 3032 trees representing 19 families in homestead,
671 trees with 12 families in crop land and 479 trees with 7 families in road side were
identified. In the study area, fruit/food (25.58%), fuel wood (25.00%), timber (22.09%),
fodder (9.30%), medicinal (8.14%), fence (4.65%) and others species (3.49%) were
found in homestead. On the other hand, in crop land, mainly fruit/food species (22.22%),
timber species (25.93%) and fuel wood tree species (22.22%) were found. In road side,
mainly timber species (32.50%), fuel wood tree species (27.50%) and fruit/food species
(15.00%) were found. Considering the abundance of tree species in the study area, the
highest percentage of tree species abundance was found for mango (11.48%) followed by
coconut (9.50%) and rain tree (9.10%) in homestead. Again, the highest percentage of
betelnut (15.20%) followed by jackfruit (11.92%) and mango (10.73%) were found in
crop land. Similarly, the highest percentage of koroi (17.54%) followed by raintree
(13.99%) and mango (12.73%) were found in road side. Shannon Wiener index (H) was
used to evaluate the tree diversity and the evaluation showed that tree species diversity in
homestead was 1.314 thereafter 0.546 was in crop land and 0.417 in road side. Farm size,
homestead size, total annual income, livelihood status of the farmers and changes of
livelihood status of the farmers were significant with concerned variable in all
agroforestry systems which had significant impact on livelihood status of the farmers.
Among the three agroforestry systems studied, homestead agroforestry showed higher
tree species diversity and facilitate better livelihood status of the farmers in the study
area. The findings from this study have the potential to inform and enhance agroforestry
programs, enabling the effective implementation of tree planting, initiatives tailored to
diverse target populations within varying economic and environmental contexts
CONTRIBUTION OF FLOATING VEGETABLE CULTIVATION ON FARM INCOME OF FARMERS
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Submitted to Department of Entomology,
Faculty of Agriculture.
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University,
Dhaka-
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION & INFORMATION SYSTEMThe objectives of this study were to describe the selected characteristics of farmers
engaging floating vegetable cultivation; to assess the extent of contribution of floating
vegetable cultivation on farm income and to explore the contribution of the selected
characteristics of farmers on their contribution of floating vegetable cultivation on
farm income. The study was conducted with randomly selected 108 farmers in
Hajigonj upazila of Chandpur district. A pre-tested interview schedule was used to
collect data from the respondents during 3
th
ix
August, 2022 to 27
th
September, 2022.
Contribution of floating vegetable cultivation on farm income was dependent variable
and ten selected characteristics of the respondents were treated as independent
variables of the study. Multivariate regression used to examine the contribution of the
selected characteristics of the respondents on the contribution of floating cultivation.
The highest percentage (70.37%) of the farmers had medium Contribution of floating
vegetable cultivation while 13.89 % of the farmers had low Contribution and 15.74 %
of the farmers had high Contribution of floating vegetable cultivation on their farm
income. Four characteristics of the respondent’s viz. age education, media exposure
and knowledge on floating vegetable cultivation had significant contribution on the
contribution of floating vegetable cultivation on farm income. The findings may help
to motivate farmers to involve more with floating vegetable cultivation
EFFECT OF POTASSIUM AND SULPHUR ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF POTATO (Solanum tuberosum L.)
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
SOIL SCIENCEThe experiment was conducted during November 2021 to February 2022 in the farm of
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University. The experiment consisted of two factors: Factor
A: three K levels viz. control K
0
(0 kg K ha
-1
), K
1
(120 kg K ha
-1
) and K
2
)
and Factor B: three S levels viz. control S
0
(0 kg S ha
-1
), S
1
(15 kg S ha
-1
(25 kg S
ha
-1
). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with
three replications. Different potassium and sulphur levels influenced significantly on
most of the recorded parameters. In case of different K levels, the highest results
regarding growth, yield and yield contributing parameters were obtained from K
2
(160 kg
K ha
-1
) compared to K
1
(120 kg K ha
-1
) and control. K
2
(160 kg K ha
) showed the
highest number of tuber hill
-1
(7.47), weight of tuber hill
-1
(273.90 g), dry weight of 100 g
fresh tuber (22.43 g), tuber weight plot
-1
(14.24 kg) and tuber yield ha
(28.48 t).
Available P, K and S content of post-harvest soil was also highest from K
2
1
) treatment whereas pH and OC content were not affected by K treatments. Regarding
sulphur treatment, S
1
(15 kg S ha
-1
) showed best results on most of the yield and yield
contributing parameters compared to S
2
(25 kg S ha
-1
(160 kg K ha
) and S
2
-1
) and control. Treatment S
1
(15 kg S
ha
-1
) showed the highest number of tuber hill
-1
(7.15), weight of tuber hill
(252.40 g),
dry weight of 100 g fresh tuber (21.41 g), tuber weight plot
-1
(13.13 kg) and tuber yield
ha
-1
1
(26.25 t). The S content of postharvest soil affected significantly and S
2
) treatment gave highest result (28.47 ppm) whereas pH, OC, P and K content were not
affected by S treatments. In terms of treatment combination of potassium and sulphur, the
treatment combination K
2
S
1
showed the highest number of tuber hill
-1
(7.87), weight of
tuber hill
-1
(285.90 g), dry weight of 100 g fresh tuber (23.62 g), tuber weight plot
(14.87 kg) and tuber yield ha
-1
(29.73 t) whereas the lowest was recorded from K
0
. The
P, K and S content of postharvest soil, significantly affected by interaction of K and S.
The highest concentration of N, K and S (24.20 ppm, 1.10 meq/100 g soil, and 29.32
ppm, respectively) was recorded from K
2
S
2
while the lowest was from K
0
whereas pH
and OC content of postharvest soil did not differ significantly among the treatment
combinations. So, the treatment combination of K
2
S
1
(160 kg K ha
-1
-1
(160 kg K ha
-1
(25 kg S ha
S
0
S
0
with 15 kg S ha
)
can be considered as best compared to the rest of the treatment combinations in terms of
potato yield
RT-PCR BASED CLONING AND SEQUENCING OF POTATO LEAF ROLL VIRUS-COAT PROTEIN (PLRV-CP) GENE FOR CHARACTERIZATION AS A BANGLADESHI PLRV ISOLATE AND ITS PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS
Get PDFAbstract
An experiment was conducted in Molecular Biology and Plant Virology
Laboratory under the Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh. Total RNA was extracted from Potato leaf
roll virus (PLRV) positive leaves and complementary DNA (cDNA) were
synthesized from total RNA. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
(RT-PCR) based detection conditions were optimized by using coat protein (CP)
gene specific primers. In PCR amplification cDNA and in nucleotide sequencing
PCR product was used as a template. A 346 bp amplicon of PLRVCP gene was
amplified and amplified gene region was sequenced. The expected nucleotide
sequence of amplified PLRV-CP gene showed 95 to 98% homology when
compared with the isolates sequences reported in Gene Bank database. This
explored novel PLRV-CP gene was characterized as a PLRV Bangladeshi isolate
(Accession number, Bankit 2274496, MN605963). PLRV-CP gene protein
modeling was carried out using Expert Protein Analysis System (ExPaSy),
DNASTAR's protein tools server used for 3D protein modeling. Phylogenetic
analysis was also carried out, the tree was made by using MEGA 4.0 software and
maximum parsimony method was selected to construct phylogenetic tree. The
RT-PCR based molecular technique optimized in this study, would be a useful for
early detection, epidemiological studies of PLRV as well as in seed tubers
certification program and the novel hyper variable sequenced region of PLRV -CP
gene will be useful in pathogen derived resistance breeding program against the
PLRV local strain.
Keywords: potato, PLRV-CP Gene, PCR-Based Cloning, PLRV-Bangladeshi isolate
Lactic acid bacteria and their beneficial effects in fermented dairy products
Get PDFThe main focus of this review is the investigation of the roles of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in fermented food
prepared from dairy sources. LAB has been used extensively in food fermentation across the globe as
potential microorganisms. Around the world, several species of LAB are employed as starter cultures in
several fermented dairy products. Fermentation of milk and milk products involves the LAB genera
Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Leuconostoc, Pediococcus, and Lactococcus. LAB can be widely employed in
developing novel fermented milk products, given the existing knowledge of its numerous health-promoting
properties. LAB is widely known as a natural approach to the fermentation of food and enhancing a healthy
life. In recent years, there has been a surge of interest in researching LAB to know more about their effects
on starter culture or probiotic activity. From a microbiological viewpoint, the diversity of LAB involved in
different fermented dairy products are extensive. LAB identified in fermented products could be assessed for
their potential beneficial properties to enhance the quality of the product produced. So, the study's goals are
to learn about the most recent studies on LAB, which is found in fermented dairy products, as well as their
characteristics and health benefits
GENETIC COMPONENTS AND HETEROSIS ANALYSIS OF F 2 AND BC 1 F 1 POPULATIONS IN Brassica juncea L.
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Submitted to faculty of Agriculture
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
In partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDINGThe investigation was conducted to estimate the phenotypic performance, and to assess the
genetic components, variability, heterosis and inbreeding depression among the twentyone
F
2
and six BC
1
F
1
populations of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea). The research was
conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University during rabi seasons of 2021-22 in a
randomized complete block design with three replications. All the twelve traits studied here
showed significance variation among the F
2
populations. The phenotypic performance of
the F
2
populations viz., G9, G12, G13, G16 and G4, G20, G17 showed comparatively better
mean performance in terms of early maturity, and yield, respectively than the rest of
populations. The populations G1 had the lowest days for acquiring 80% maturity (104.33
days), while G12 had the shortest plant height (126 cm) among the 21 F
2
populations, while
G17 produced the highest yield (15.6gm) per plant among the twenty-one F
2
populations.
All of the twelve traits displayed high heritability (h
2
b)
in the broad sense e.g., heritability
for days to siliqua maturity (73.70%), for plant height (90.90%), for days to first flowering
(82.50%), and for seeds per siliqua (82.27%)), indicating that high genotypic effects
accounted for the majority of total variation. The correlations study showed that yield per
plant had positively and significantly correlation with number of primary branches, number
of secondary branches, siliqua length, slilqua per plant. The F
2
populations G4, G14, G21
showed highest significant negative heterosis for day to maturity, while F
2
populations G8,
G13, G17, G19, G20 showed highest significant positive heterosis for yield indicated that
these populations might be considered for selection for earliness and yield improvement.
G1, G13, G18, G20 (as these populations show highest positive inbreeding depression in
case of earliness and plant height) are the considered potential lines for earliness, short
stature) while G2, G8, G13, G17 had minimal inbreeding depression in terms of siliqua per
plant, siliqua length and yield per plant, hence these are the genotype desired for higher
yield. Among the backcrossed population, the combinations (P5×P6) × P5 showed the best
result for yield contributing trait, early maturity and short stature. Altogether, the F
2
populations viz., G4, G5, G8, G13, G17, G19, and G20 might be chosen as potential
populations for selection of early-maturing, and high-yielding lines in future
BREEDING EFFORTS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF CANOLA GRADE MUST ARD VARIETY IN FIELD MUSTARD tBrassica rapa)
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Brassica rapa in the main oilseed crop in Bangladesh and development of canola
grade B. rapa variety is a priority research in Bangladesh. The present research
was under taken with a long term goal to develop canola grade B. rapa variety in
Bangladesh. Six Canadian canola grade double zero genotypes of B. rapa were
crossed with four Bangladeshi popular varieties e.g. Tori-7, Maghi, BARI Sharisa
14 and BARI Sharisa 17 to develop 24 F, hybrid populations. For transferring the
low erucic trait from Canadian lines to Bangladeshi cultivars, backcrosses were
also performed. The F, hybrids were evaluated for their saturated and unsaturated
fatty acid compositions and yield contributing traits. The analysis of variance
showed highly significant variation among the F, and BC,F I populations. Among
the 24 hybrids, the lines Gl, G7, G14, G14, G16, G17, G18 and G19 were
selected as promising lines as these lines had higher values of the yield and yield
contributing traits. These F I lines were selected and advanced to F2 generation
through self-fertilization and were also used in backcross breeding to develop
BC 1F I. Among the hybrids, the desired negative heterosis effects for early
maturity (90-95 days) were found in the hybrids G4, G5, G6, G7, G13 and G17,
while the hybrids G 17, G 18, G 19, G20 showed the highest significant heterosis
for yield, and the hybrids G 17 and G18 had the highest harvest index. The results
suggested elite recombinant lines of early maturity and high yielding could
possible be obtained from the segregants of these hybrid lines. The fatty acid
compositions analysis unraveled that the hybrids viz. G3, G4, G5, G9, G12, 017,
020 and G23 had lower erucic acid «20-22%), but higher oleic (32-34%) and
higher linoleic acid (22-24%), linolenic acid (9-11 %) contents suggested that
these lines could possible produce low erucic acid plus high oleic linoleic, and
linolenic acids in the segregating generations. Interestingly, some intercrossed F2
lines were found having low erucic acid «2%), but higher oleic acid (>50%) with
early maturity (90-94 day) suggesting the breeding lines were very promising.
Thus, the selected promising breeding lines could be utilized for developing early
matured and high yielding having low erucic acid and high mono- and polyunsaturated
fatty acid compositions.
Keywords: short duration, canola-grade, breeding lines, high oleic acid, Brassica rap
EFFECT OF ORGANIC GROWING SUBSTRATES AND SELENIUM ON FRUIT QUALITY AND YIELD OF STRAWBERRY CULTIVARS IN HYDROPONIC CULTURE
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Submitted to the Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka,
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
HORTICULTUREThe choice of appropriate growing substrates is an important factor in promoting the
optimum growth of crops like strawberry plants. Mixing coarser materials with growing
substrates in different ratios can improve the physicochemical properties of growing
substrates. Selenium is another important mineral for human health. The content of
selenium in strawberries can be increased by the application of selenium during
cultivation. Therefore, an experiment was carried out to evaluate the physicochemical
properties of the organic growing substrate mixture and their influence on the growth of
the plant and yield of strawberry cultivars with the application of selenium in a hydroponic
system. Treatments considered four types of organic growing substrate mixtures (viz., M
1
=
60% rice husk + 30% coconut coir + 10% vermicompost; M
2
= 60% coconut coir + 30%
khoa + 10% vermicompost; M
3
= 60% sawdust + 30% khoa + 10% vermicompost; and
M
4
= 60% ash + 30% khoa + 10% vermicompost). four levels of selenium (viz., Se
0
=0 mg
L
-1
selenium, Se
1
=1.0 mg L
-1
selenium, Se
2
= 2.0 mg L
II
-1
selenium, and Se
3
selenium) and three varieties (viz., V
1
: Local Strawberry-1, V
2
: Local Strawberry-2, and
V
3
: Local Strawberry-3). The physicochemical properties of growing substrate mixtures
and the growth, yield, physiological traits, quality of fruits, and phytochemicals of
strawberry cultivars were measured. The highest pH (6.88) was found in M
4
, which was
not suitable for strawberry production, while a suitable pH (6.25) was found in M
1
. Bulk
density, Water retention, air-filled porosity, and dry weights of substrate mixtures were
higher in M
1
and lower in M
3
. The highest plant height (26.16cm), number of fruits per
plant (13.08), individual fruit weight (23.85g), fruit length (4.51cm), fruit diameter
(4.14cm), fruit volume (22.23 cc), yield per plant (311.96 g), ascorbic acid content (71.29
mg/100 g FW), TSS (16.14°Brix), total phenolic content (150.77 mg/100 g FW), total
anthocyanin content (8.25 mg/100 FW), total flavonoid content (5.97 mg/100 FW), and
selenium contents in fruits (1.63 mg/100 DW) were found in M
1
= 3.0 mg L
, while the lowest in M
3
.
The highest number of fruits per plant (11.96), individual fruit weight (24.93g), fruit length
(4.89cm), fruit diameter (4.26cm), fruit volume (20.38 cc), yield per plant (298.16g),
ascorbic acid content (68.12 mg/100 g FW), TSS (14.25 °Brix), and selenium contents in
fruits (3.28 mg/100g DW) were found in Se
3
while the lowest were in Se
0
. The highest
total phenolic content (139.37 mg/100 g FW), total anthocyanin content (7.44 mg/100 g
FW), and total flavonoid content (5.0 mg/100 g FW) were found in Se
2.
The highest plant
height (23.65cm), number of fruits per plant (14.13), individual fruit weight (25.70g), fruit
length (4.61cm), fruit diameter (4.11cm), fruit volume (20.52 cc), yield per plant
(363.14g), ascorbic acid content (70.41 mg/100 g FW), TSS (16.15°Brix), total phenolic
content (150.14 mg/100 g FW), total anthocyanin content (8.63 mg/100 FW), total
flavonoid content (5.86 mg/100 FW), and selenium contents in fruits (1.59 mg/100 DW)
were found in V
1
while the lowest in V
3
. Therefore, the Se
2
formulation can be used for
fruit quality, and the Se
3
formulation can be used for the growth and yield of strawberry
cv. Local strawberry-1 along with M
1
growing formulation in a solid hydroponic system
in Bangladesh
METHOD DEVELOPMENT FOR COMB HONEY PRODUCTION
Get PDFAbstarct
Bangladesh.
An experiment was conducted in a litchi orchard at Iswardi of Pabna district in the
year 2021 in Bangladesh to develop feasible comb honey production at colony
level. Twenty number of strong bee colonies were used to develop comb honey
inside a Super chamber on each strong bee colony. Litchi orchard was used as a
source of nectar producing plants. Four methods were used to harvest comb honey
i.e. comb cassette method, bottle with wax foundation method, bottle without wax
foundation method and only frame in super as untreated control. Honey collection
from the super chamber of bee hive was the highest (1.702 kg/frame) in only
frame in super (control) in comparison to all other treatments viz. comb cassette
method, bottle with wax foundation method and bottle without wax foundation
method in terms of weight per unit in super chamber. But in terms of area per
super chamber of bee hive the highest (53.546 kg/super) yield of honey was
obtained from the comb cassette method utilized bee hives which is followed by
control (30.638kg/super), bottle without wax foundation (11.433 kg/super) and
bottle with wax foundation (6.405kg/super), respectively. It was observed that in
comb cassette method honey yield increases by 74.77% in comparison to
untreated control method. It was also revealed that profitability can be increased
by double fold (2.03) by adopting the comb cassette method in litchi blooming
period from a honey bee colony.
Key words: comb cassette, honey yield, profitabilit
DETERMINANTS OF DAIRY FARMERS’ INCOME THROUGH COOPERATIVE FARMING: AN EVIDENCE FROM RANGPUR DISTRICT
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Submitted to the Department of Agribusiness and Marketing,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, in
partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE
IN
AGRIBUSINESS AND MARKETINGA cooperative is an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their
common economic, social, and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and
democratically-controlled enterprise. A dairy cooperative is owned, operated, and controlled
by the dairy farmers who benefit from its services. The purpose of the study was to describe
factors affecting dairy farmers’ milk production value through cooperative farming, as well
as to analyse the contribution of the selected characteristics of the dairy farmers to their
income generation activities. The study was conducted at Mithapukur upazila under the
Rangpur district. Data were collected from the randomly selected 60 cooperative dairy
farmers using a structured interview schedule. Multiple Regression analysis was used to
analyse data using SPSS v.23. The finding of the study stated that a significant increase in
income generation is noticed through cooperative farming and the dairy farmers are able to
recognize and understand new business opportunity. The study also stated that the farmers
with more training received, more duration of contract and with more benefits can increase
milk production value. However, entrepreneurial capacity was found to be statistically
insignificant to milk production. Thus, the development in dairy farming through cooperative
initiatives can play a very significant role in rural development