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Qualitative and quantitative parameters analyses of buffalo ovaries
No full textBuffalo ovaries were collected from abattoirs in Dhaka city. During collection, left and right ovaries were identified and recorded. After processing, the ovaries were categorized as (i) ovaries without corpus luteum (CL) and (ii) ovaries with corpus luteum (CL). Ovaries were then evaluated based on length (cm), width (cm), weight (g), total number of follicles on the surface of each category of ovaries, number of follicles aspirated, and total number of cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs). The experiment's findings indicated variations in the parameters related to the left and right ovarian categories. The CL% (27.12±0.11%) found highest in the right compared to the left (3.24±0.11%). The length (cm), width (cm), and weight (g) (2.75±0.06, 2.17±0.05, 4.74±0.13) were found significantly (p<0.01) higher in the right ovaries compared to left (2.27±0.06, 1.77±0.05, 3.90±0.13). The number of follicles in total and number of follicles aspirated were found significantly (p<0.01) higher (6.35±0.16 & 5.47±0.16) in the left ovaries compared to right (6.16±0.16 & 4.18±0.16). The number of normal COCs and total COCs was significantly (p<0.01) higher in the left ovaries (0.98±0.134 & 1.57±0.17) compared to right (0.84±0.16 & 1.54±0.17). The abnormal COCs were significantly (p<0.01) higher in the right ovaries (0.75±0.107) compared to left (0.57±0.107). Regarding ovarian categories; (76.47±0.01%) showed ovaries without CL, whereas (23.53±0.01%) showed ovaries with CL. The weight (g) was found significantly (p<0.01) higher in ovaries with CL (4.73±0.12) compared to ovaries without CL (4.36±0.12). The number of follicles in total and aspirated were found significantly (p<0.01) higher in ovaries without CL (7.60±0.14 & 5.28 ±0.14) compared to ovaries with CL (4.29±0.14 & 2.29±0.14). Regarding the number of total COCs, ovaries without CL showed a significantly (p<0.01) higher number of total COCs (1.41±0.11) compared to ovaries with CL (1.17±0.11), where the number of normal and abnormal COCs (0.55±0.01 & 0.86±0.03) were found significantly (p<0.01) higher in ovary without CL compared to the ovary with CL (0.5±0.01 & 0.54±0.03). Finally, it can be concluded that the left and ovaries without CL contain more follicles in total and aspirated and normal COCs. Thus, the left and ovaries without CL are best for collecting quality COCs in buffaloes. Res. Agric. Livest. Fish. Vol. 11, No. 2, August 2024: 125-13
Constraints Faced by Rural Women in Changing Livelihoods in Bangladesh: A Study on the Impact of Microcredit through PDBF
No full textThe main purpose of the study is to determine the extent of the constraints faced by the women beneficiaries of Palli Daridro Bimochon Foundation (PDBF) on their socio-economic development and to explore the relationship between the socio-economic characteristics of the beneficiaries and their constraints. A total of 3436 women beneficiaries of three upazilas under 55 districts of PDBF constituted the population of the study. A face-to-face interview survey was conducted to collect data from the randomly selected 346 respondents. Among the 13 selected problem items, ‘high rate of interest’ was ranked first (70.81%), ‘more savings have to be deposited while taking the loan’ was ranked second (68.69%) and third (68.40%) was ‘various income generating activities and social development training are inadequate’ The findings revealed a significant relationship between training exposures, decision-making ability, savings deposit, income-generating activities, communication & network, and constraints faced by PDBF beneficiaries. Therefore, the PDBF authorities should consider significant factors in reducing the constraints faced by rural women to change their livelihoods
Comparative Analysis of Antioxidant Activity, ROS, and Relative Water Content Between Red and Green Cabbage
No full textCabbage, the second largest leafy vegetable, is highly valued for its nutritional richness and versatility. As health consciousness increases, the worldwide demand for cabbage continues to grow steadily. Cabbages come in various forms, varying in size, color, texture, and nutritional properties. An experiment was conducted to distinguish significant differences in relative water content (RWC of leaf and RWC of head), relative oxygen species (MDA and H2O2), and antioxidant properties (POD, APX, and CAT) between red and green cabbage varieties. Cabbage samples were grown under fertilizer and control conditions to observe the impact of fertilizers on the acquisition of these properties. The results indicated that fertilizer application positively influenced the acquisition of relative water content, relative oxygen species, and antioxidant properties in both cabbage varieties. The results emphasized that red cabbage excelled in antioxidants and ROS levels, containing higher amounts compared to green cabbage. Conversely, green cabbage showed greater relative water content in both cultivation conditions. These findings suggest that consumers seeking higher antioxidant and ROS levels in their diet may benefit from incorporating more red cabbage into their meals. Further research into the mechanisms behind differences in red and green cabbage could inform breeding programs, enhancing nutritional traits for agricultural and dietary purposes
Sex-related differences in the morphology of rectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in C57BL/6NCrSlc mice.
No full textSex hormones regulate gut function and mucosal immunity; however, their specific effects on the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) in the rectum of mammals remain unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the influence of sex on MALT in the rectum of mammals by focusing on the rectal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (RMALTs) of C57BL/6NCrSIc mice. Histological analysis revealed that RMALTs were predominantly located in the lamina propria and submucosa of the rectal mucosa, with a significant sex-related difference in the distance from the anorectal junction to the first appearance of the RMALT. Despite similar RMALT numbers, females exhibited significantly larger RMALTs than males. Immunostaining revealed the presence of various immune cells, including T cells, B cells, macrophages, proliferative immune cells, lymphatic vessels, and high endothelial venules (HEVs), in RMALTs. Compared with males, females showed elevated T cell, helper T cell, and cytotoxic T-cell gene expression levels, along with high percentages of specific T-cell subsets. The factors influencing RMALT development, such as the presence of HEVs, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 13 expression, and RMALT-containing cell proliferation, were also explored. Overall, this study revealed the detailed attributes of RMALTs, their immune cell composition, and their determinants in male and female mice, providing insights into the sex-specific characteristics of the rectal mucosal immune system
Thermochemical and physical characterization of agricultural biomass for sustainable energy in Bangladesh” Energy Rep. 12 (2024) 5758–5768
No full textHarnessing biostimulants from biogas digestates for high‑value resource recovery: a review
No full textImproper disposal of organic waste leads to greenhouse gases, pollution, and health risks. Anaerobic digestion offers a sustainable solution by converting this waste into biogas and digestates, which contain valuable nutrients and stimulatory organic compounds that can be recycled to improve plant growth and support food production. Here we review the transformation of liquid and solid digestates into biostimulants by microalgal cultivation, vermicomposting, and insect-based bioconversion. These processes yield phytohormones, polysaccharides, betaines, humic substances, chitin, protein hydrolysates, and growth-promoting microbes, that enhance plant growth and resilience against environmental stresses. Due to the variability in digestate composition, we emphasize the need for optimized formulations, a deep understanding of synergistic interactions among bioactive compounds, and standardized extraction techniques to support broader applications
Response of Arabidopsis thaliana to Flooding with Physical Flow
No full textNutritionists are beginning to pay attention to black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) larvae (BSFL) as an alternative to expensive soybean and fish meal in animal feed which is abundant in different nutrients. Additionally, organic wastes including leftover food, animal excreta, and agricultural wastes, can be used to efficiently raise and spread BSFL. This study was carried out to evaluate the yield, production performance and proximate composition of BSFL nurtured on different organic waste namely, broiler starter feed (BF); rice bran (RB); market-sourced vegetable wastes (VW); chicken manure (CM) and kitchen waste (KW). The BF fed group had the highest observed larval yields (16.2 kg in total; P<0.05). Raising BSFL on BF, VW and KW resulted in the greatest body weight (0.149, 0.147 and 0.150 g, respectively) and growth rate (0.012 g), whereas the KW fed group had the longest body length (P<0.05). The fed groups that received CM and BF had the highest and lowest mortality rates, respectively (P<0.05). All fed groups except RB had improved feed conversion ratios, while VW and KW fed groups had higher protein conversion ratios (2.626 and 2.852, respectively; P<0.05). All the group had better substrate reduction rate compared to CM fed group (P<0.05). The dry matter and ash contents of BSFL reared on BF, VW and KW were higher than the RB and CM group (P<0.05). The KW supplemented BSFL had the highest ether extract level, whereas the BF fed group had the highest protein content (43.58%, P<0.05). In conclusion, BSFL can be successfully reared on kitchen and vegetable scraps. It is anticipated that the cost of black soldier fly farming and animal production will decrease since these organic waste shown favorable effects on BSFL growth performance and nutritional quality comparable to broiler feed in the current study
Multi-Trait Index-Based Selection of Drought Tolerant Wheat: Physiological and Biochemical Profiling
No full textDrought is a detrimental abiotic stress that severely limits wheat growth and productivity worldwide by altering several physiological processes. Thus, understanding the
mechanisms of drought tolerance is essential for the selection of drought-resilient features
and drought-tolerant cultivars for wheat breeding programs. This exploratory study evaluated 14 wheat genotypes (13 relatively tolerant, one susceptible) for drought endurance
based on flag leaf physiological and biochemical traits during the critical grain-filling stage
in the field conditions. Measurements included six physiological, seven gas exchange,
six photosystem II, six stomatal, three reactive species, seven metabolomic solutes, and
two biomass traits. All parameters were significantly influenced by drought, with varying genotypic responses. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) categorized genotypes into
three drought tolerance groups based on trait performance. Seven genotypes in Cluster
2 (BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 33, BD-631, BD-600, BD-9910, BD-9889, BD-637) exhibited
superior drought tolerance, characterized by minimal changes in physiological traits and
biomass accumulation, reduced oxidative stress markers, and increased accumulation of
osmoprotectants. The innovative multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index (MGIDI)
further ranked wheat genotypes in regard to drought tolerance, identifying BARI Gom
33, BARI Gom 26, BD-9889, and BD-600 as top performers. Notably, all these top-ranking
genotypes belonged to Cluster 2, previously identified as the highest-performing group in
the HCA. The identified genotypes with superior drought tolerance offer valuable genetic
resources for enhancing wheat productivity in water-limiting environments. Traits related
to photosynthetic activity, biomass gain, leaf conductance, water stress, and osmoprotection
showed high selection differentials and heritability in MGIDI analysis, indicating their
potential as selection targets for drought-tolerant wheat. Overall, the strategic approaches
have yielded novel insights into genotype screening that can be directly applied to deepen
our understanding of drought tolerance mechanisms in wheat.The work was funded by the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh
(No. 2018/489/MoE) and the Research Management Wing (RMW) of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur
Rahman Agricultural University in Gazipur, Bangladesh (UGC-RMC/2018/1
Discover the Impact of Sulfur and Potassium on the Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur and Potassium Concentrations in Onion Bulbs
No full textA scientific Research has been conducted using a RCBD technique with three replications,
are focusing on two factors affecting onion growth. The purpose was to assess the impact of
different sulfur levels S
1
= 5, S
2
=15, S
3
=25, and S
4
=35 kgha
and potassium levels K
1
=100, K
2
=120,
K
3
=140, and K
4
=160 kg /ha on the nutrient content of N, P, K, and S in onion bulbs was done in
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The time duration is October 2020 to
June 2021. Based on the observations, it has been found that the bulb showed the highest level of
nitrogen when treated with sulfur (5 kg/ha) and potassium (100 kg/ha respectively). In contrast, the
lowest nitrogen level has been observed when the bulb was treated with sulfur and potassium (35
&140 kg/ha respectively). Furthermore, the bulb exhibited the highest concentrations of phosphorus
(P), potassium (K), and sulfur (S) at a potassium 140 kg/ha and a sulfur 35 kg/ha. Conversely, the
lowest values for these parameters were observed when the bulb was treated with the lowest
amount of sulfur and potassium
Growth and Yield Performance of Mustard and Rapeseed Varieties as Influenced by Different Sowing Techniques
No full textAn experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, from November 2013 to February 2014 to investigate mustard and rapeseed varieties' growth and yield performances influenced by different sowing techniques. The experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The four varieties were BARI Sarisha-11, BARI Sarisha-13, BARI Sarisha-15, SAU Sarisha 2 (V1, V2, V3, and V4 respectively) and sowing techniques included broadcasting, line Sowing, raised bed, system of mustard intensification (SMI) (S1, S2, S3, and S4 respectively). Results showed that the highest plant height (143.58 cm) was achieved at the combination of BARI Sarisha-11 and the raised bed technique (V1S3) at harvest. Though the highest leaf number varied in different varieties, it was produced by the SMI technique. BARI Sarisha-15 and the SMI techniques produced the highest number of primary branches, though BARI Sarisha-11 produced the maximum secondary branches with the same technique. BARI Sarisha-11 performed best at all the DAS regarding dry matter accumulation (g) and the values resulting in 1.07, 11.44, 21.3, and 25.87g. SMI also proved to be the best, except for 30 DAS. The highest seed yield (3.74 t ha−1 and 3.80 t ha−1) was obtained using BARI Sarisha-11 and SMI techniques, respectively. The highest biological yields (12.80 t ha−1 and 12.86 t ha−1) were obtained by BARI Sarisha-11 and SMI technique, respectively. However, the maximum harvest index (34.84% and 32.45%) and highest oil percentages (40.65% and 41.38%) were obtained by BARI Sarisha-15 and line sowing, respectively. As such the var. BARI Sarisha-11 could be expected good yield following the SMI techniqu