ReFRI
Not a member yet
939 research outputs found
Sort by
Микопопулация на лавандула в Сърбия
No full textThe genus Lavandula L. is comprised of about 48 species. Only three species of this genus have greater economic importance. The most famous and the most cultivated species of this genus is true lavender (also known as medicinal, fragrant, green or French lavender), L. angustifolia. The second most cultivated is broadleaved lavender (also known as male or spike lavender), L. latifolia and the third is the hybrid lavender (English, lavandin) L. intermedia. All three species originated from the Mediterranean, southern Europe. Lavender is a perennial half-shrub. It has a wood-like and densely branched root system that penetrates 3 to 4 m deep. The characteristic appearance of lavender is due to its blue flowers that contain the essential oil, which is the most important component of the plant as a whole. Increased demand for medicinal and aromatic plants has led to the introduction of a large number of medicinal species in plantation production. By cultivating those plants, larger quantities of raw materials of uniform quality can be obtained, while, also, significantly reducing the pressure on natural resources. In recent years, it has been noted that lavender, as a crop, has gained increasing economic importance in Serbia. Due to the intensive cultivation of lavender, it has been found that plants are parasitized by a large number of phytopathogenic fungi, which significantly reduce the quality, yield and life span of the plants. This research aims to present the results of preliminary research of mycopopulation of 10 samples of lavender plant from different localities from Serbia. A total of 390 plant parts were examined and 8 genera of fungi were isolated: Alternaria, Fusarium, Phytophthora, Mucor, Sclerotinia, Phomopsis, Phoma, and Rhizoctonia. Macroscopically visible symptoms of the infection were found on the plants from which the fungi were isolated.Род Lavandula L. се състои от около 48 вида. Само три вида от този род имат по-голямо икономическо значение. Най-известният и най-разпространен е вида L. angustifolia (известна още като лечебна, ароматна, зелена или френска лавандула). Втората найотглеждана е широколистната лавандула L. latifolia (известна още като мъжка или шипкова лавандула), а третата е хибридната лавандула L. intermedia (английски лавандин). И трите вида произхождат от Средиземноморието, Южна Европа. Лавандулата е многогодишен полухраст. Има дървовидна и гъсто разклонена коренова система, която прониква в дълбочина от 3 до 4 m. Характерният вид на лавандулата се дължи на сините u цветове, които съдържат етеричното масло, което е най-важният компонент на растението като цяло. Повишеното търсене на лекарствени и ароматни растения доведе до въвеждането на голям брой лечебни видове в полското производство. Чрез отглеждането на тези растения могат да се получат по-големи количества суровини с еднакво качество, като същевременно се намали значително натискът върху природните ресурси. През последните години, лавандулата придобива все по-голямо икономическо значение в Сърбия. Интензивното u отглеждане благоприятства развитието на голям брой фитопатогенни гъби, което значително намалява качеството, добива и продължителността на живота на растенията. Настоящото изследване има за цел да представи резултати от предварителни изследвания на микопопулацията на 10 проби от лавандулови растения от различни места от Сърбия. Изследвани са общо 390 растителни части и са изолирани 8 рода гъби: Alternaria, Fusarium, Phythophthora, Mucor, Sclerotinia, Phomopsis, Phoma и Rhizoctonia. По растенията, от които са изолирани гъбите, са открити макроскопски видими симптоми на инфекцията
Влияние на приложението на ʻStopitʼ върху продуктивността и помологичните характеристики на ябълки (Malus × domestica Borkh.)
No full textThis paper presents the two-year results of research into the foliar fertilizer ʻStopitʼ on productivity and pomological properties of five introduced apple cultivars (ʻGloster 69ʼ, ʻGolden Reindersʼ, ʻGranny Smithʼ, ʻMorrens Jonagoredʼ and ʻRed Chiefʼ). Treatments were performed four times during vegetation, from the beginning of June until the mid of August, each 21 day. In harvest period of the investigated cultivars, morphometric properties, firmness and RSM content of fruit, as well as yield per unit area were determined. During the experiment, significant discrepancies between the investigated cultivars were found. The highest average weight, fruit dimension and the SSC were found in the cultivar ʻMorrens Jonagoredʼ, whereas the highest yield per unit area was found in the cultivar ʻRed Chiefʼ. Regarding the years of study, by analyzing the results obtained, significantly higher average values of fruit weight and yield per unit area were recorded in the first year of study compared to the second experimental year, and as for the content of RSM, Identical trend was recorded. Application of ʻStopitʼ, which contains calcium in the form of calcium chloride (in its chemical composition), has shown a significant impact on the firmness of fruit in all investigated cultivars. The highest values of the fruit firmness were recorded in the cultivar ʻGranny Smithʼ in both years of study. Foliar fertilizer ʻStopitʼ can be recommended in apple orchards due to its stimulative impact on productive and pomological apple properties.Настоящата статия представя двугодишни резултати (2018-2019) от влиянието на листен тор „Stopit“ върху продуктивността и овощните характерис- тики на пет интродуцирани сорта ябълки (ʻGloster 69ʼ, ʻGolden Reindersʼ, ʻGranny Smithʼ, ʻMorrens Jonagoredʼ, and ʻRed Chief’). Третиранията са извършени четири пъти по време на вегетацията, от началото на юни до средата на август на всеки 21 ден. В периода на приби- ране на реколтата са определени морфометричните характеристики, твър- дост и съдържание на RSM в плодо- вете, както и добив от единица площ. По време на експеримента са открити зна- чителни различия между изследваните сортове. Най-високо средно тегло, размер на плодовете и съдържание на RSM са установени при сорт ʻMorrens Jonagoredʼ, докато най-висок добив от единица площ е установен при сорт ʻRed Chief“. През първата година на проучване са регистрирани значително по-високи средни стойности на теглото на плода и добив на единица площ, както и съдържанието на RSM. Прилагането на „Stopit“, който съдържа калций (Са) под формата на калциев хлорид (CaCl2) (в неговия химичен състав), показа значително влияние върху твърдостта на плодовете при всички изследвани сортове. Най-високи стойности на твърдостта на плодовете са регистрирани при сорта „Грени Смит“ и за двете години на изследване. Лист- ният тор „Stopit“ се препоръчва за ябъл- кови градини поради стимулиращото му въздействие върху продуктивността и по- мологичните характеристики на ябълките
Jagodasto voće - tehnologija gajenja, zaštite i prerade
No full textOdlukom MNO za BiP monografija je verifikovana kao Istaknuta monografija nacionalnog značaja (M41
Влияние на мозаечния вирус върху някои характеристики на високохрастова боровинка сорт "Дюк"
No full textBlueberry mosaic has been described several decades ago, but the viral nature of the disease was confirmed recently. The causal agent of the disease is blueberry mosaic associated virus (BlMaV), genus Ophiovirus. BlMaV induce leaf mottling and bright yellow, green, and pink to red mosaic patterns in infected bushes. Symptoms usually appear on several leaves or cover the entire bush, but the infection may be latent for several years. BlMaV was confirmed in two locations in Serbia in varieties ‘Duke’, ‘Bluecrop’ and ‘Goldtraub’. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of BlMaV on some fruit traits of highbush blueberry ‘Duke’. The trial was conducted in 2019 in locality Budoželja, West Serbia in the orchard with the confirmed BlMaV presence. Based on the results of RT-PCR analysis, three groups of blueberry ‘Duke’ bushes were selected: BlMaV-free, BlMaV infected – mosaic symptoms present on only several leaves, and BlMaV infected – mosaic symptoms on entire bush. The influence of BlMaV on pomological variables (fruit length, width and height, shape, fruit weight, and soluble solids content) was examined. The results showed that BlMaV did not have statistically significant impact on any of the examined fruit traits. The evaluation of virus influence on the composition of nutritive and bioactive compounds is underway.Мозаечният вирус по боровинката е описан преди няколко десетилетия, но вирусната природа на заболяването е потвърдена наскоро. Причинителят на заболяването е мозаечният вирус по боровинката (BlMaV), род Ophiovirus. BlMaV причинява листни петна и ярко жълти, зелени и розови до червени мозаечни шарки в заразените храсти. Симптомите обикновено се появяват на няколко листа или покриват целия храст, но инфекцията може да е латентна в продължение на няколко години. BlMaV е потвърден на две места в Сърбия при сортове „Дюк“, „Блукроб“ и „Голдтрауб“. Целта на настоящото проучване е да се оцени влиянието на BlMaV върху някои плодови характеристики на висококачествена боровинка „Дюк“. Опитът е проведен през 2019 г. В местност Будожела, Западна Сърбия в овощна градина с потвърденото присъствие на BlMaV. Въз основа на резултатите от RT-PCR анализа са избрани три групи от боровинки „Дюк“: Без зараза BlMaV, BlMaV инфектирани – мозаечни симптоми присъстват само на няколко листа, и BlMaV инфектирани - мозаечни симптоми върху целия храст. Изследвано е влиянието на BlMaV върху помологични променливи (дължина, ширина и височина на плодовете, форма, тегло на плодовете и съдържание на разтворимисухи вещества). Резултатите показват, че BlMaV не оказва статистически значимо въздействие върху нито една от изследваните плодови характеристики. В момента се извършва оценка на влиянието на вируса върху състава на хранителни и биоактивни съединения
Cryopreservation in vitro of apple shoot tips following droplet-vitrification
No full textThe aim of this study was to develop an efficient and rapid droplet-vitrification protocol to cryopreserve in vitro shoot tips of Malus x domestica Borkh. 'Gala Must'. Following excision, shoot tips were pre-cultured in liquid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium enriched with sucrose at two concentrations (0.3 M for 15 h, then 0.7 M for 5 h). Loading took place at room temperature in a solution containing 1.9 M glycerol and 0.5 M sucrose for 30 min. Explants were dehydrated using either modified PVS2 solution (PVS A3 - 22.5% sucrose, 37.5% glycerol, 15% ethylene glycol and 15% DMSO, w/v) or PVS3 solution (50% sucrose and 50% glycerol, w/v). PVS A3-based dehydration was done for 30, 40 and 50 min either at room temperature or at 0 degrees C. As regards PVS3, explants were dehydrated at room temperature for 40, 50, 60, 90 and 120 min. Regrowth of the cryopreserved shoot tips dehydrated at room temperature with PVS A3 solution ranged between 0 and 14.5%, the highest rate being achieved with the shortest treatment duration. Dehydration with the same VS at 0 degrees C resulted in a considerably higher regrowth capacity of cryopreserved shoots (45-70%), the best results were achieved with 40-min treatment. Regrowth of PVS3-treated shoot tips (40-60 min) did not markedly vary (45-50%), while prolonged dehydration (90-120 min) resulted in a significant decrease of regeneration capacity of cryopreserved shoot tips (12.1-5%). After regrowth, shoots were successfully multiplied and rooted. These results prove the feasibility of the PVS A3-based dehydration at 0 degrees C for a long-term storage of this genotype using droplet-vitrification technique, although good results were also achieved with shorter PVS3 treatments at room temperature
Sanitary assessment of soil in the municipality of Čačak based on the presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp.
No full textThe aim of this study was to assess the sanitary status of soils in the Municipality of Čačak, based on the presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. The examination involved testing soils previously exposed to different forms of degradation, including soils near industrial zones and landfills, soils close to congested roads, soils exposed to floods, and soils exposed to the uncontrolled use of agrochemicals and agricultural machinery. The data obtained indicate that the examined soils are mostly unpolluted or slightly to moderately polluted and that therefore they will not have a negative effect on plant production and the health of humans and animals.U radu je razmatran sanitarni status zemljišta na teritoriji grada Čačka, na osnovu prisustva i brojnosti Escherichia coli i Salmonella sp. Ispitivanjem su obuhvaćena zemljišta koja su u prethodnom periodu bila izložena nekom vidu degradacije: zemljišta u blizini industrijskih zona i deponije; zemljišta pored frekventnih saobraćajnica; zemljišta koja su bila izložena poplavama i zemljišta sa nekontrolisanom upotrebom agrohemikalija i poljoprivrednih mašina. Dobijeni podaci ukazuju da su ispitivana zemljišta uglavnom nezagađena ili slabo do umereno opterećena ovom vrstom zagađenja i da zbog toga neće imati negativnog efekta na biljnu produkciju i zdravstveni status životinja i ljudi
Биологично производство на пипер чрез използване на говежди тор и букови дървени въглища
No full textThe objective of this study was to research the charcoal application in vegetable farming under organic conditions. The experiment was established in the greenhouse designed by random block system with pepper genotype Amanda, in treatment with cow manure and retort beech charcoal and control with cow manure without retort beech charcoal. The experiment was set up at Trmčare locality, Kruševac municipality in a greenhouse according to a random block system in 2 replicates, planting 25 plants treated with cow manure and retort beech charcoal and 25 plants treated only with cow manure as a control. Pepper were grown on a single tree. The aim was to determine the influence of the applied material on the number of fruits per plant and the weight of the fruit directly affecting the yield in the organic growing system. The parameter that is followed is pepper yield under temperate climatic conditions. The following parameters were monitored in the experiment: fruit yield per plant and number of fruits per plant. In the treatment with retort beech charcoal, the Amanda genotype had an average yield 27.35% higher than the control plants.Целта на настоящето изследване е да проследи приложението на дървени въглища в биологичното зеленчукопроизводство. Експериментът е проведен в оранжерия, проектирана по рандомизирана блокова система с генотип на чушки "Аманда", с приложение на говежда тор и букови дървени въглища и контрола с говежди тор без букови дървени въглища. Експериментът е извършен в местността Трмчаре, община Крушевац в оранжерия по рандомизирана блокова система в 2 повторения. Засадени са 25 растения, третирани с говежда тор и букови дървени въглища и 25 растения, третирани само с говежда тор, като контрола. Пиперът се отглежда като самостоятелна култура. Целта е да се определи влиянието на торa върху броя на плодове върху едно растение и тегло на плодовете, които пряко влияят върху добива в системата за биологично отглеждане. Параметърът, който се проследен, е добив на пипер при биологично производство. Следните показатели са наблюдавани в експеримента: добив на плодове от растение и брой плодове на растение. При третирането с букови дървени въглища, генотип "Аманда" показа среден добив с 27.35% повисок от контролните растения
Impact of foliar application ʻStopitʼ on fruit quality and storage of ʻGranny Smithʼ apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)
No full textThe paper presents the two-year results (2018–2019) of foliar product ʻStopitʼ application on pomological traits and storage of the apple cultivar ʻGranny Smithʼ. Foliar treatments in apple orchards were performed four times (on June 7th, July 2nd, July 20th, August 15th – in 2018; June 14th, July 5th, July 26th, August 16th – in 2019) during vegetation, that is, from the beginning of June until middle of August. At harvest as well as after storage of fruits (120 days) in a cooler at normal atmospheric pressure, fruit morphometric traits, firmness and soluble solids content of the cultivar ʻGranny Smithʼ and its control were studied comparatively. Analysis of the obtained results pointed to a statistically significant impact of storage period (except the soluble solids content), genotype (except fruit width) and agroecological conditions in the period of study as well as interaction effect of all variability factors on tested parameters. Values of the fruit mass ranged from 157.28 to 202.56 g, width from 60.11 to 71.72 mm, height from 71.30 to 80.03 mm and the content of soluble solids from 11.13 to 14.41 °Brix. Application of foliar product ʻStopitʼ containing calcium (Ca) in the form of calcium chloride (CaCl2) conditioned a more favorable effect on pomological traits of the control variant of cv ʻGranny Smithʼ, whereas during the study period, higher values were found in the first year. From the economic perspective of apple production, values of the fruit firmness as one of the most important parameters of fruit quality were lower after taking the fruits out of the cooler although the values in each variant were higher compared to control
The effect of fertilization and fruit order on strawberry fruit quality
No full textFertilization is an important cultural practice in modern strawberry production, including the
use of different types of fertilizer. The present research is aimed to evaluate the effect of
fertilizer type and order in the truss on the fruit quality of strawberry cultivar ʻCleryʼ. Fruit
quality (mass, dimensions, shape index, firmness, soluble solids and total phenols) was
monitored in three fertilizer treatments (biofertilizer, the combination of bio- and mineral
fertilizer and mineral fertilizer) and four fruit positions in the truss (primary, secondary,
tertiary and quaternary). Application of mineral fertilizer resulted in a significant increase in
fruit firmness (10.4 N) while the use of biofertilizers containing bacteria of the genus Bacillus
enabled fruits with significantly higher total phenolic content (276.6 mg GA/100 g fw) with
the positive effect also exerted in secondary positioned fruits (486.7mg GA/100 g fw).
Differences in quality traits were greater among different fruit positions, compared to
fertilizer treatments although primary fruits were characterized by the highest values of mass
and dimensions. Tertiary positioned fruits had the highest soluble solids content (11.7%) that
did not significantly differ from the fourth batch of strawberry fruits (11.1%). Overall, the
result of this study suggests that fruits at a lower position in the truss have better organoleptic
composition while fruits on higher positions have better physical properties. Biofertilizers
used in combination with mineral fertilizers have the potential to increase physical strawberry
properties and the use of biofertilizers as supplements to mineral fertilizers can be considered
an appropriate practice to ensure safe strawberry fruit production and help overcome
environmental problems caused by the overuse of mineral fertilizers