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Cultural Stories in Music Therapy
According to the World Culture Report of UNESCO (2000), cultures are not fixed, bounded and crystallized containers. Instead they are “transboundary creations, exchanged through the world […]. We must now regard culture as a process rather than as a finished product” (UNESCO 2000: 15, as cited in Thomson 2005: 11). A similar view is adopted by Stige (2002) in his seminal book Culture-Centered Music Therapy. Stige writes that culture is not a fixed entity. In contrast, he thinks of culture as something flexible, as “continuously developing ways of life and practices of meaning-making, ranging from the individual to the regional to the global level of social organization” (Stige 2002: 1). From this perspective, the constant flow of culture, as an embodied everyday experience, is made up by the subtleties and complexities of individual and collective life histories. The article and interviews included in this issue of Approaches, illustrate these various levels of ‘cultural stories’, as well as their mutual interaction.
In the article Music Therapy and Culture: An Essential Relationship? Daisy Morris explores the role of culture in music therapy practice. Taking Aigen’s (2001) premises on music, culture and therapy as a starting point, Morris discusses how our therapeutic awareness and receptiveness as music therapists interrelates with our cultural awareness. She explores how music therapy work can be affected by both the therapist’s and the client’s cultural backgrounds and histories, as well as the wider cultural framework within which therapy takes place.
The interview section of Approaches, which is inaugurated in this issue, starts with an interview of Pauline Etkin who reflects on the development of policies and practices in music therapy. Etkin, whom I had the honour to interview, draws on her rich personal experience in Nordoff Robbins, London. She interweaves creatively historical facts with politico-economic aspects, while she brings in the foreground personal stories which often stay ‘behind the scenes’. Etkin reflects on aspects of the music therapy development in the UK, as well as Nordoff Robbins’ role in this development, while she discusses their potential relevance to the development of music therapy profession in other countries, such as Greece, where music therapy is in its initial stage.
The next interview is with Diane Austin who was interviewed by Evangelia Papanikolaou. This interview explores the use and significance of voice in music therapy, and more particularly the pioneering voice-based model of psychotherapy that has been developed by Austin: Vocal Psychotherapy. This exploration reflects on Austin’s (2008) recent book The Theory and Practice of Vocal Psychotherapy: Songs of the Self by drawing on her own personal life history, but also from her extensive clinical experience as a vocal psychotherapist.
This issue of Approaches concludes with two new sections: i) New Publications in Greece, and ii) Upcoming Events. Both sections are dedicated to the fields of music therapy and special music education, while they draw from the international community with an emphasis on Greece. These sections aim to provide useful information and raise the readership’s awareness of relevant news and developments. This raise of awareness is linked directly with Approaches’ vision (Tsiris 2009) for advancement of scientific dialogue, for fertile connection of practice, theory and research, as well as for reliable public update through the free dissemination of its articles and resources.
Approaches, like many other online peerreviewed journals (e.g. Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy, see Stige 2009), follows the wider international movement of Open Access publishing. This open access to scholarly journals is vital to research progress and public advancement (COPE 2010), especially during the recent economic downturn that both Greece and other European, but not only, countries face. This downturn has already brought consequent challenges on healthcare and educational services, as well as on the funding resources for research and publishing. Approaches hopes to support effectively the work of practitioners and researchers in the fields of music therapy and special music education by promoting a culture where evidence-based practice is balanced with practice-based evidence.
References
Aigen, K. (2001). Music, meaning and experience as therapy - Kenneth Aigen interviewed by Brynjulf Stige. Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, 10 (1): 86-99.
Austin, D. (2008). The Theory and Practice of Vocal Psychotherapy: Songs of the Self. London and Philadelphia: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Compact for Open-Access Publishing Equity (COPE) (2010). Retrieved May 20, 2010, from www.oacompact.org
Stige, B. (2002). Culture-Centered Music Therapy. Gilsum: Barcelona Publishers.
Stige, B. (2009). Open access and the vision of Voices, 9 (3). Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy. Retrieved May 25, 2010, from www.voices.no/mainissues/mi40009000341.php
Thomson, N. (2005). Are There Moments When Culture Doesn\u27t Matter? Exploring Moments of \u27Musical Meeting\u27 in Cross-Cultural Music Therapy. Master’s Thesis, Nordoff Robbins, The City University, London.
Tsiris, G. (2009). Welcome to Approaches: Music Therapy & Special Music Education. Approaches: Music Therapy & Special Music Education, 1 (1): 4-5.
UNESCO (2000). World Culture Report: Cultural Diversity, Conflict and Pluralism. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.
To cite this text:
Tsiris, G. (2010). Cultural stories in music therapy. Approaches: Music Therapy & Special Music Education, 2 (1): 4-5. Available online: http://approaches.primarymusic.g
Journeys in Traumatised Lands: Dissimilar Images of a Monadic Vision?
Over the last years, there has been a growing interest in music therapy with regards to trauma (e.g. Bensimon, Amir & Wolf 2008; Edwards & McFerran 2004; Howden 2008; Loewy & FrischHara 2002; Pavlicevic 1994, 1995, 2001; Robarts 2006; Stewart 2009a, 2009b; Thompson 2007). This seems to relate to the existence of a significant number of people in our societies facing the implications of traumatic experiences such as abuse, war, physical disasters or other catastrophic events. In addition, the increasing discourses and practices about trauma in music therapy seem to relate both to a gradual shift in society’s awareness of the immediate implications of trauma, and to its widespread repercussions which affect people’s living experience on individual and collective levels.
In 2002 the book Music, Music Therapy and Trauma: International Perspectives was published and since then has become a milestone in relevant music therapy discourses. This book, which was edited by Julie Sutton, includes various chapters describing music therapy work with people who have faced diverse traumatic experiences in a range of cultural, socio-political and economic settings; a diversity that reflects the global problem of trauma, as well as its influence that reaches across community and country borders.
More recently, in 15-16 September 2010, an advanced research workshop was organised by NATO and took place in Ankara, Turkey. This workshop was entitled “New Therapy Approaches in Countering the Negative Effects of Terrorism – Music Therapy against the Negative Effects of Terrorism” and it focused on the potential therapeutic approaches and rehabilitation strategies of music therapy in restoring wellbeing and normalising the lives of people who have experienced traumatic events especially connected to terrorism. The speakers represented various countries around the globe (including Albania, Belgium, Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Greece, Kazakhstan, Netherlands, North Ireland, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, and USA) and discussed the implications of trauma in the different communities and societies within which they work: from Kosovo’s refugees during the civil war, to the severely traumatised young men in North Ireland and the riots in Greece in December 2008.
The two articles included in the new issue of Approaches come to contribute to this growing discourse in music therapy. They reflect diverse approaches and practices in this area of work: from individual music therapy work with a sexually abused adolescent in a psychiatric clinic in Western Europe, to community-based music therapy group work with children in a post-war environment in East Africa.
More specifically, the first article is written by Marieke Degryse who reflects on her music therapy practice in a psychiatric unit for children with learning disabilities in Belgium. Following a psychodynamic perspective, she presents clinical material from her individual work with an adolescent with learning and behavioural difficulties who had experienced sexual abuse. She explores the role of songs and playfulness in music therapy when working with trauma and aggression. She also discusses how “[m]usic and body become like two broken mirrors, reflecting one another” (p. 49) by posing some questions with regards to the nature of music and the use of improvisation in this context.
In the next article Bethan Lee Shrubsole reflects on her practice in Africa. She writes about Music for Peaceful Minds – a music therapy service for children which she established in 2008 in postconflict northern Uganda. The focus of this paper is on group music therapy work in a social environment which has been affected by trauma caused by war and conflict-related experiences. In this context, Shrubsole explores the potential role of religion and faith in music therapy, as well as the challenges that cultural, linguistic and musical diversity brought in her work as an English therapist practising in Uganda.
The above articles are followed by two book reviews by Claire Hope and Simon Procter respectively. Hope reviews the book Music Therapy with Children and their Families edited by Amelia Oldfield and Claire Flower and published in 2008. Procter reviews Randi Rolvsjord’s book ResourceOriented Music Therapy in Mental Health Care which was published recently, but already seems to “[...] have considerable influence on what – if anything – music therapy has to offer to people in years to come” (p. 68).
This issue of Approaches concludes by providing some information and publication lists which will hopefully be useful to readership: i) New International Publications (2009-2010), and ii) Upcoming Events. This information is complementary to the online resources of Approaches available for free on its website http://approaches.primarymusic.gr. These online resources include the newly updated links of Approaches where one can find a wealth of web material related to music therapy and/or special music education associations, educational institutions, research bodies, forums and networks, journals and databases, as well as service providers
I hope this issue of Approaches will further raise our awareness of the diversity in music therapy practices and approaches, yet of their uniqueness - as dissimilar images of a monadic vision: to meet humanity’s needs for growth and wellbeing; to transform people’s and society’s lives through health musicing.
References
Bensimon, M., Amir, D., & Wolf, Y. (2008). Drumming through trauma: Music therapy with post-traumatic soldiers. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 35(1), 34-48.
Edwards, J., & McFerran, K. (2004). Educating music therapy students about working with clients who have been sexually abused. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 31(5), 335-348.
Howden, S. (2008). Music Therapy with Traumatised Children and their Families in Mainstream Primary Schools: A Case Study. In A. Oldfield & C. Flower (Eds.), Music Therapy with Children and their Families (pp. 103-120). London: Jessica Kingsley.
Loewy, J. & Frisch-Hara, A. (2002). Caring for the Caregiver: The Use of Music and Music Therapy in Grief and Trauma. Silver Spring, MD: American Music Therapy Association.
NATO (2010). Advanced research workshop “New Therapy Approaches in Countering the Negative Effects of Terrorism – Music Therapy against the Negative Effects of Terrorism”, 15-16 September 2010, Ankara, Turkey. Retrieved from www.musictherapy2010arw.com
Oldfield, A. & Flower, C. (Eds.) (2008). Music Therapy with Children and their Families. London: Jessica Kingsley.
Pavlicevic, M. (1994). Between chaos and creativity: Music therapy with traumatised children in South Africa. Journal of British Music Therapy, 8(2), 4-9.
Pavlicevic, M. (1995). Transforming a violent society: Music therapy in South Africa. Human Development, 16(2), 39-42.
Pavlicevic, M. (2001). Fragile Rhythms: Music Therapy with Children in South Africa. In M. Smyth & K. Thomson (Eds.), Working with Children and Young People in Violently Divided Societies. Belfast: CCIC and the University of Ulster.
Robarts, J. (2006). Music therapy with sexually abused children. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 11(2), 249-269.
Rolvsjord, R. (2010). Resource-Oriented Music Therapy in Mental Health Care. Gilsum, NH: Barcelona.
Stewart, K. (2009a). PATTERNS - A model for evaluating trauma in NICU music therapy: Part 1- Theory and design. Music and Medicine, 1(1), 29-40.
Stewart, K. (2009b). PATTERNS - A model for evaluating trauma in NICU music therapy: Part 2 - Treatment parameters. Music and Medicine, 1(2), 123-128.
Sutton, J. (Ed.). (2002). Music, Music Therapy and Trauma. London: Jessica Kingsley.
Thompson, S. (2007). Improvised stories in music therapy with a child experiencing abuse. British Journal of Music Therapy, 21(2), 43-52.
To cite this text:
Tsiris, G. (2010). Journeys in traumatised lands: Dissimilar images of a monadic vision? Approaches: Music Therapy & Special Music Education, 2(2), 46-47. Retrieved from http://approaches.primarymusic.gr
On Developing Policies and Practices in Music Therapy: Personal Reflections from the Experience of Nordoff Robbins in London
Pauline Etkin Μία συνέντευξη από τον Γιώργο Τσίρη
Σηµείωµα από τον Γιώργο Τσίρη: Με χαρά εγκαινιάζω την ενότητα συνεντεύξεων του Approaches: Μουσικοθεραπεία & Ειδική Μουσική Παιδαγωγική, παρουσιάζοντας την συνέντευξή µου µε την Pauline Etkin η οποία πραγµατοποιήθηκε στο κέντρο του Nordoff Robbins στο Λονδίνο του Ηνωµένου Βασιλείου, στις 5 Ιανουαρίου 2009. Με βάση την εµπειρία της Etkin ως ∆ιευθύντρια του Nordoff Robbins, καθώς και την πλούσια ποικιλόµορφη εµπειρία της στο χώρο της µουσικοθεραπείας σε πρακτικό και πολιτικό επίπεδο, αυτή η συνέντευξη εστιάζει στην ανάπτυξη πολιτικών και πρακτικών στη µουσικοθεραπεία - ένα ζήτηµα που παρουσιάζει ενδιαφέρον ειδικά για χώρες, όπως την Ελλάδα, όπου η µουσικοθεραπεία βρίσκεται σε αρχικά στάδια της εξέλιξής της. Η συνέντευξη ηχογραφήθηκε και µεταγράφηκε κατά λέξη, ενώ στη συνέχεια ακολούθησε µία διαδικασία επιµέλειας. Μερικές υποσηµειώσεις έχουν προστεθεί ακόµη στο αρχικό κείµενο προκειµένου να προσφέρουν ορισµένες πρόσθετες χρήσιµες πληροφορίες και να προτείνουν µερικές πηγές µέσω των οποίων ο αναγνώστης µπορεί να βρεί συµπληρωµατικές πληροφορίες σχετικά µε τα θέµατα που αναπτύσσονται στη συνέντευξη. Θα ήθελα να ευχαριστήσω θερµά την Καθηγήτρια Helen Odell-Miller η οποία, βάσει της προσωπικής της σηµαντικής συµβολής στην ανάπτυξη της µουσικοθεραπείας στο Ηνωµένο Βασίλειο, πρόσφερε την υποστήριξή της στη διαδικασία επιµέλειας αυτής της συνέντευξης. Ελπίζω αυτή η συνέντευξη να ενθαρρύνει περαιτέρω εποικοδοµητικούς διαλόγους και συλλογισµούς πάνω σε σχετικά ζητήµατα, καθώς και να εµπνεύσει τη διεξαγωγή συνεντεύξεων µε άλλα σηµαντικά πρόσωπα του χώρου της µουσικοθεραπείας σε εθνικό και διεθνές επίπεδο. Pauline EtkinInterviewed by Giorgos Tsiris
Note from the interviewer:It is my pleasure to initiate the interview section of Approaches: Music Therapy & Special Music Education, by presenting here my interview with Pauline Etkin which was given at the Nordoff Robbins Centre in London, UK on the 5th of January 2009.
Based on Etkin’s experience of being the Chief Executive Officer of Nordoff Robbins, in addition to her rich diverse experience in the field of music therapy on a practical and policy level; this interview focuses on the development of policies and practices in music therapy – an issue that will hopefully be of interest especially for countries, such as Greece, where music therapy is in its initial stage.
The interview was recorded, transcribed verbatim and then edited. Some footnotes have also been added to the original text in order to provide some useful additional information and suggest some sources through which the reader can find further information with regards to the issues discussed in the interview.
I would like to warmly thank Professor Helen Odell-Miller who, based on her personal major contribution to the development of music therapy in the UK, offered her support in the editing process of this interview.
This interview will hopefully encourage further constructive dialogue and reflections on related topics, and inspire the conduction of interviews with other significant figures in music therapy both on national and international level
Creating a Safe Place in the Midst of Aggression: Music Therapy in Child Psychiatry
Εργαζόμενος κανείς ως μουσικοθεραπευτής σε μία ψυχιατρική μονάδα για παιδιά με μαθησιακές δυσκολίες, έρχεται συχνά αντιμέτωπος με επιθετικότητα. Τα περισσότερα από αυτά τα παιδιά έχουν διαταραχές προσκόλλησης και σοβαρά προβλήματα συμπεριφοράς. Με ποιά μέσα μπορεί να υπάρξει η μουσική στη μουσικοθεραπεία σε αυτό το συγκεκριμένο πλαίσιο εργασίας; Μπορεί να γίνει λόγος για μία τραυματική φύση στη μουσική και το σώμα; Αυτό το άρθρο θα παρουσιάσει μία μελέτη περίπτωσης, όπου η εύρεση ενός ασφαλή χώρου εντός της μουσικοθεραπείας είναι μείζονος σημασίας. Η εκμάθηση και ακρόαση τραγουδιών μπορεί να είναι ένας αναγκαίος τρόπος διασφάλισης ελέγχου για το άτομο, απόκτησης αυτοπεποίθησης και δημιουργίας ενός χώρου για παλινδρόμηση. Μέσω αυτής της διαδικασίας εξεύρεσης ενός ασφαλή και πλαισιωμένου χώρου εντός της μουσικοθεραπείας, προκύπτει η δυνατότητα παιχνιδιού μέσω διάφορων τεχνικών, προσφέροντας ελευθερία για εξερεύνηση και μία μορφή ελέγχου και προβλεψιμότητας. Η μελέτη περίπτωσης καταλήγει με τη σημασία του παιχνιδιού μέσω του οποίου το τραυματικό υλικό μπορεί να αφομοιωθεί μέσω της μουσικής. Ακόμη, επισημαίνεται περιληπτικά ο ρόλος των τραγουδιών στη μουσικοθεραπεία με αυτήν την πληθυσμιακή ομάδα.Working as a music therapist in a psychiatric unit for children with learning disabilities, one is often confronted with a lot of aggression. Most of these children have attachment disorders and severe behavioural problems. By which means can music exist in music therapy within this specific setting? Can we speak of a traumatic nature in music and body? This article will present a case study, where finding a safe place within music therapy is of major importance. Learning and listening to songs can be a necessary way to safeguard control for the client, gain some self-confidence, and create a place for regression. Going through this process in finding a safe and contained place within music therapy, the possibility of playing techniques arises, offering the freedom for exploration and a form of control and predictability. The case study concludes with the importance of playfulness whereby traumatic material can be digested through the music. Also, the role of singing songs in music therapy with this population is highlighted briefly
From Out of Our Voices
Diane Austin Μία συνέντευξη από την Ευαγγελία Παπανικολάου
Σηµείωµα από την Ευαγγελία Παπανικολάου: Το νέο βιβλίο της Diane Austin (2008) The Theory and Practice of Vocal Psychotherapy: Songs of the Self που δηµοσιεύθηκε πρόσφατα, αποτελεί µία εξαίρετη ευκαιρία περαιτέρω µάθησης σχετικά µε τη χρήση της φωνής στη θεραπεία, τις κλινικές της εφαρµογές και τις τεράστιες δυνατότητες που προσφέρει εντός ενός ψυχοθεραπευτικού πλαισίου. Αυτή η συνέντευξη εστιάζει στην εισαγωγή ορισµένων από αυτές τις πτυχές βασιζόµενη στο έργο της Austin, καθώς επίσης και στη διερεύνηση του προσωπικού της υπόβαθρου, των κινήτρων και των σκέψεών της προς αυτήν την πρωτοποριακή µουσικοθεραπευτική προσέγγιση. Η συνέντευξη έχει επιµεληθεί από τη Diane Austin και την Ευαγγελία Παπανικολάου, ενώ έλαβε µέρος µέσω µίας σειράς µηνυµάτων ηλεκτρονικού ταχυδροµείου (email) που χρονολογούνται από το Σεπτέµβριο µέχρι το ∆εκέµβριο του 2009.Diane AustinInterviewed by Evangelia Papanikolaou
Note from the interviewer:
Diane Austin’s new book “The Theory and Practice of Vocal Psychotherapy: Songs of the Self” (2008) which was published recently, has been an excellent opportunity to learn more about the use of voice in therapy, its clinical applications and its enormous possibilities that offers within a psychotherapeutic setting. This interview focuses on introducing some of these aspects based on Austin’s work, and on exploring her background, motivations and considerations towards this pioneer music-therapeutic approach. The interview has been edited by Diane Austin and Evangelia Papanikolaou and took place via a series of emails, dated from September to December 2009
Music Therapy with Children and their Families (Amelia Oldfield & Claire Flower, Eds.)
This is a review of the book "Music Therapy with Children and their Families" edited by Ameila Oldfield and Claire Flower.
Music Therapy with Children and their FamiliesEdited by Amelia Oldfield and Claire FlowerLondon: Jessica Kingsley Publishers (2008)206 pp, ISBN: 978 1 84310 581
New International Publications (2009-2010)
Η ενότητα Νέες Διεθνείς Δημοσιεύσεις στοχεύει στην ενημέρωση του αναγνωστικού κοινού για την τρέχουσα διεθνή βιβλιογραφία σχετικά με τα πεδία της μουσικοθεραπείας και της ειδικής μουσικής παιδαγωγικής. Η ενότητα αυτή περιλαμβάνει δημοσιεύσεις βιβλίων και άρθρων που έχουν δημοσιευθεί στο εξωτερικό κατά το τρέχον και το προηγούμενο χρονολογικό έτος. Περιλαμβάνονται κείμενα γραμμένα μόνο στην αγγλική γλώσσα. Η ενότητα αυτή θα συνεχίσει να δημοσιεύεται στο δεύτερο αριθμό κάθε τεύχους του Approaches. Σχετικές πληροφορίες προς δημοσίευση στο Approaches μπορούν να στέλνονται στη Διαχειρίστρια Συνδέσμων και Δρώμενων (Δώρα Παυλίδου, [email protected]).The section New International Publications aims to raise the awareness of the readership for the current international literature regarding the fields of music therapy and special music education. This section includes international publications of books and articles that have been published during the current and previous calendar year. Only texts written in English language are included. This section will continue to be published in the second issue of each volume of Approaches. Relevant information for publication on Approaches can be sent to the Links and Upcoming Events Manager (Dora Pavlidou, [email protected]).  
Music Therapy and Culture: An Essential Relationship?
Στην συνέντευξή του από τον Brynjulf Stige για το Nordic Journal of Music Therapy (τεύχος 10, αριθµός 1), ο Kenneth Aigen είπε “δεν πιστεύω πως είναι λογικό να σκεφτόµαστε ότι θα µπορούσαµε να δουλέψουµε αυτοµάτως µε κάποιον από έναν πολύ διαφορετικό πολιτισµό” (Aigen 2001: 90). Από µόνο του, αυτό το απόσπασµα που ειπώθηκε από τον Aigen δίνει πιθανόν µία αρνητική εντύπωση. Αυτό το άρθρο αποσκοπεί στο να πλαισιώσει την παραπάνω δήλωση και να σκεφτεί προσεκτικά το τί πιθανόν προτείνει ο Aigen. Μέσα από µία γνήσια και ανοιχτή αναζήτηση των ερωτηµάτων που διεγείρει αυτή η δήλωση, ένας ρεαλιστικός και περισσότερο αισιόδοξος διάλογος ο οποίος ήταν κρυµµένος πίσω από τις λέξεις αποκαλύπτεται. Μέσα από την αποδόµηση της δήλωσης του Aigen αυτό το άρθρο διερευνά τις στάσεις µας ως µουσικοθεραπευτές προς τον πολιτισµό και τη µουσική, καθώς και τους προϊδεασµούς και τις υποθέσεις που πιθανόν προκύπτουν. Αυτό το άρθρο θα επισηµάνει πώς η θέληση για αναζήτηση και διεύρυνση όχι µόνο των στάσεών µας προς τον πολιτισµό, αλλά και των ορίων της µουσικής µας ικανότητας, δύναται να καταλήξει στη διεύρυνση της γνώσης, της συνειδητοποίησης και της δεκτικότητάς µας. Αυτό, κατά συνέπεια, µπορεί να οδηγήσει σε µία πρακτική της µουσικοθεραπείας η οποία είναι περισσότερο καρποφόρα και επιτυχηµένη, και στην οποία είµαστε κλινικά ανοιχτοί και προετοιµασµένοι για οτιδήποτε οι πελάτες µας πιθανόν φέρουν στις συνεδρίες τους ή χρειάζονται από αυτές.Whilst being interviewed by Brynjulf Stige for the Nordic Journal of Music Therapy (volume 10, issue 1), Kenneth Aigen said “I do not think it is reasonable to think that we could automatically work with someone from a very different culture” (Aigen 2001: 90). Standing alone, this passage spoken by Aigen may give a negative impression. This paper will aim to put the above statement in context and think carefully about what Aigen might be suggesting. Through an honest and open exploration of the questions the statement raises, a realistic and more optimistic dialogue which was hidden beneath the words is unearthed. Through the deconstruction of Aigen’s statement this paper investigates our attitudes as music therapists towards culture and music and the preconceptions and assumptions which may arise. This paper will stress how a willingness to explore and broaden not only our attitudes towards culture, but also the confines of our musical ability, can result in an expansion of our knowledge, awareness and receptiveness. This, in turn, could lead to a practice of music therapy which is more fruitful and successful, one in which we are clinically open and prepared for whatever our clients might bring to or need from their sessions
Resource-Oriented Music Therapy in Mental Health Care (Randi Rolvsjord)
This is a review of the book "Resource-Oriented Music Therapy in Mental Health Care" by Randi Rolvsjord.
Resource-Oriented Music Therapy in Mental Health CareRandi RolvsjordGilsum, NH: Barcelona Publishers (2010)282 pp, ISBN: 978-1-891278-55-
Faith and Music: A Personal Exploration of the Implication of Religious Faith in Music Therapy, within an Intercultural, Group Music-Making Context
Τον Ιούλιο του 2008 ιδρύθηκε το Music for Peaceful Minds (MPM), μία περιπατητική μουσικοθεραπευτική υπηρεσία στη μετα-πολεμική βόρεια Ουγκάντα. Μέχρι σήμερα, το MPM υπηρετεί τέσσερα σχολεία και δύο ορφανοτροφεία με έναν ειδικά εκπαιδευμένο περιοδεύων μουσικό σύμβουλο από την Ουγκάντα. Κάθε εβδομάδα διεξάγονται μουσικοθεραπευτικές ομάδες και η κάθε ομάδα αποτελείται από έξι παιδιά τα οποία παραπέμπονται από το προσωπικό των ορφανοτροφείων ή των σχολείων. Οι μεικτού ή ομοίου φύλου ομάδες διεξάγονται κατά τη διάρκεια μίας εκπαιδευτικής περιόδου (10-12 εβδομάδες). Τα παιδιά χωρίζονται σύμφωνα με τις ηλικίες τους σε ομάδες των 4-11 και 12-18 χρονών. Αυτό το άρθρο αποτελεί μία κλινική μελέτη βασιζόμενη στην προσωπική μου εμπειρία ως μουσικοθεραπεύτρια στην Ουγκάντα το 2008. Δεν πρόκειται για ένα θεωρητικό ή ερευνητικό κείμενο και επομένως δεν περιέχει μία λεπτομερειακή επισκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας. Θα εξετάσω διάφορες θρησκευτικές πτυχές του έργου μίας αγγλίδας θεραπεύτριας στη βόρεια Ουγκάντα, εστιάζοντας στη μουσική που δημιουργήθηκε στις συνεδρίες. Θα θέσω ερωτήσεις σχετικά με το πόσο σημαντικό είναι για μία μουσικοθεραπεύτρια να μοιράζεται έναν κοινό πολιτισμό, πίστη ή μουσικό υπόβαθρο με άτομα με τα οποία εργάζεται, και το πώς o γλωσσικός περιορισμός μπορεί να επηρεάσει τη θεραπεία.In July 2008 Music for Peaceful Minds (MPM), a peripatetic music therapy service in post-conflict northern Uganda, was established. To date, MPM serves four schools and two orphanages with a specially-trained peripatetic Ugandan music counsellor. Weekly music therapy groups are run, each consisting of six children, referred by orphanage or school staff. The mixed- and single sex- groups run for a term (10-12 weeks). They are split into age ranges of 4-11 and 12-18.
This is a clinical discussion drawing on my personal experience as a music therapist in Uganda in 2008. It is not intended to be a theoretical or research paper and as such does not contain a thorough literature review. I will be considering various religious aspects of an English therapist working in northern Uganda, focusing on the music that was made in sessions. I will discuss the questions of how important it is for a therapist to have a shared culture, faith or musical background with her clients, and how a language barrier can affect the therapy