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    „Ta część ciebie, którą znam najlepiej, już nie żyje”. Rozważania o skórze, ciele i podmiotowości

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    This essay explores the paradoxical nature of touch that never touches and the role of skin in establishing our separateness from the world. While both topics have been discussed at length by philosophers and psychoanalysts, I introduce two additional themes: skin that is dead on the surface and comes off in microscopic scales (as it happens at the biological level) and skin that is altered by dermatological problems. When framed like this, the skin stratifies and blurs the boundaries of the subject; especially the latter type of unruly, painful skin introduces a kind of discomfort that allows one to rethink the relationship between surface and depth, inside and outside, self and other. As a result, these dichotomies lose their antagonistic and hierarchical dimensions. What emerges instead is an inextricably interconnected weave or even a topological space where nothing is hidden under the surface because the surface is all that we have. Jacques Derrida, Sigmund Freud, Didier Anzieu, Elizabeth Grosz and Julia Kristeva serve as the main theoretical references in this text. Supporting illustrations include an excerpt from Jeanette Winterson’s novel Written on the Body, John Updike’s experience of psoriasis, and the topological space known as Klein’s bottle. The feminist aspect of this essay is rooted in the recognition that the depth-surface dichotomy is part of the patriarchal logic that privileges masculinity while rendering femininity shallow, flat, and superficial. Punktem wyjścia dla tego eseju są dwa problemy: paradoksalna natura dotyku, który nigdy nie dotyka (o czym chętnie opowiada filozofia), oraz skóra jako powierzchnia, która wyznacza naszą odrębność od świata (o czym chętnie mówi psychoanaliza). Wprowadzam jednak do tej dyskusji kilka dodatkowych wątków. Są nimi skóra, która jest w wierzchniej warstwie martwa i odchodzi od siebie w mikroskopijnych płatach (jak to się dzieje na poziomie biologicznym) oraz skóra zmieniona problemami dermatologicznymi. Obie rozwarstwiają i zacierają granice podmiotu żyjącego w skórze, ale zwłaszcza ta ostatnia wprowadza do niego ten rodzaj dyskomfortu, który pozwala przemyśleć na nowo relację pomiędzy powierzchnią a głębią, tym, co wewnętrzne a zewnętrzne. Relacja ta traci wówczas swoją dychotomiczną, antagonistyczną i hierarchiczną strukturę, a zamiast tego zaczyna się jawić jako nierozerwalnie powiązany splot czy wręcz topologiczna przestrzeń, gdzie pod powierzchnią nic się nie ukrywa, bo powierzchnia to wszystko, co mamy. Wśród odniesień teoretycznych najważniejszą rolę w tym tekście odgrywają Jacques Derrida, Zygmunt Freud, Didier Anzieu, Elizabeth Grosz i Julia Kristeva. Za ilustracje pomocnicze służą tu między innymi fragment prozy Jeanette Winterson, doświadczenie łuszczycy Johna Updike’a oraz przestrzeń topologiczna znana pod nazwą butelka Kleina. Aspekt feministyczny tego tekstu zawiera się między innymi w rozpoznaniu dychotomii głębia – powierzchnia jako należącej do logiki patriarchalnej, która uprzywilejowuje męskość jako domenę głębi, niebanalności, racjonalności, a kobiecość spłyca, spłaszcza, trywializuje i czyni powierzchniową / powierzchowną.&nbsp

    Контекст современности в сериале В.В. Мирзоева по мотивам романа "Преступление и наказание"

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    The article refers to the TV series by V.V. Mirzoev, which appeared in November 2024, based on the novel Crime and Punishment by F.M. Dostoevsky. The material presents the contemporary context, which the director demonstrates through the on-screen reading of the work, and the classic text is transformed into a network of messages hidden for the viewer. Historical connections in the depiction of today’s Russia, which is at war with Ukraine, are conditionally drawn in parallel with the German cinema before the Nazis came to power in Germany in the previous century. The novel becomes a means of illustrating the psychology of the Russian society in the space of “eternal Russia”. Through universal mechanisms Dostoevsky’s doubles absorb different social layers of various eras. The article also examines the reception of the series in the media space.В статье автор обращается к появившемуся в ноябре 2024 года сериалу В.В. Мирзоева по мотивам романа Преступление и наказание Ф.М. Достоевского. В материале представлен контекст современности, который режиссер демонстрирует через экранное прочтение произведения, а хрестоматийный текст трансформируется в сеть скрытых посылов для зрителя. Исторические связи в изображении сегодняшней России, воюющей с Украиной, имеют параллели с немецким кино перед приходом нацистов к власти в Германии в прошлом веке. Роман становится средством иллюстрирования психологии российского социума в пространстве «вечной России». Двойники Достоевского через универсальные механизмы вбирают разные социальные слои различных эпох. В статье также рассмотрена рецепция сериала в медиа пространстве.В статье автор обращается к появившемуся в ноябре 2024 года сериалу В.В. Мирзоева по мотивам романа Преступление и наказание Ф.М. Достоевского. В материале представлен контекст современности, который режиссер демонстрирует через экранное прочтение произведения, а хрестоматийный текст трансформируется в сеть скрытых посылов для зрителя. Исторические связи в изображении сегодняшней России, воюющей с Украиной, имеют параллели с немецким кино перед приходом нацистов к власти в Германии в прошлом веке. Роман становится средством иллюстрирования психологии российского социума в пространстве «вечной России». Двойники Достоевского через универсальные механизмы вбирают разные социальные слои различных эпох. В статье также рассмотрена рецепция сериала в медиа пространстве

    Мотивы былички, сказки и лермонтовские аллюзии в прозе Набокова: классический дискурс (материалы Кантональной и Университетской Библиотеки Лозанны)

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    The article analyzes the motifs of the tale using the example of the original short story by Vladimir Nabokov (Sirin) The Leonardo. The study focuses on the hypothetical application of allusions from the Russian classics as the story Taman by Mikhail Lermontov. It draws on materials from the Cantonal and University Library of Lausanne (Switzerland), which have not previously been used in this way. In addition to the Lermontovian discourse, the article analyzes implicit motifs in the story and in a Ukrainian folk tale that bears features of a Russian literary tale, taken from Alexander Afanasyev’s collection.В статье анализируются мотивы былички на примере оригинала рассказа Владимира Набокова (Сирина) Королек. Утверждается гипотетическое использование аллюзий из русской классики – повести Тамань Михаила Лермонтова. Материалами служат источники Кантональной и Университетской библиотеки Лозанны (Швейцария), ранее не примененные в описанном ключе. Помимо лермонтовского дискурса, также анализируются имплицитные мотивы в рассказе и народной украинской сказке с признаками былички, записанной на русском языке, из сборника Александра Афанасьева.В статье анализируются мотивы былички на примере оригинала рассказа Владимира Набокова (Сирина) Королек. Утверждается гипотетическое использование аллюзий из русской классики – повести Тамань Михаила Лермонтова. Материалами служат источники Кантональной и Университетской библиотеки Лозанны (Швейцария), ранее не примененные в описанном ключе. Помимо лермонтовского дискурса, также анализируются имплицитные мотивы в рассказе и народной украинской сказке с признаками былички, записанной на русском языке, из сборника Александра Афанасьева

    Процесс перераспределения власти между агентами и институтами медиатизированного литературного поля

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    This article analyses the process of the redistribution of power among agents and institutions within the mediatized literary field, using a case study of the Russian-language literary space. The author concludes that the primary role in the legitimation of the literary text has shifted, first, to readers, who, in today’s media environment, actively participate in the dissemination, evaluation, and other forms of response to the text, and second, to algorithms, which, in the context of the new media, exert significant influence over the content that readers encounter in an information-saturated environment.В статье на примере русскоязычного литературного пространства проводится анализ процесса перераспределения власти между агентами и институтами в медиатизированном литературном поле. Автор приходит к выводу, что ведущая роль в легитимации литературного текста перешла, во-первых, к читателям, которые в современном медиапространстве могут активно участвовать в распространении, оценке и выражении иных реакций на текст, и, во-вторых, к алгоритмам, которые в пространстве новых медиа стали оказывать значительное влияние на то, что читатель встречает в перенасыщенном информацией пространстве

    Quebec’s Perspectives on Haiti: Haiti’s Visibility in 19th-Century Quebec Press

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    The relationship between Quebec and Haiti has deep historical roots. While the current Haitian diaspora in Canada has drawn attention to their contemporary ties, these connections date back to colonial times. Under French rule, Nouvelle-France and Saint-Domingue played pivotal roles in a trade triangle that facilitated the movement of people and goods across the Atlantic empire. Although these exchanges weakened following Quebec’s cession to Britain in 1763 and seemingly ceased after Haiti declared its independence in 1804, Haiti faced significant political and economic isolation from world powers thereafter. Canada, under British control, also followed this trend of detachment. However, a closer examination reveals numerous references to Haiti and Saint-Domingue in 19th-century Quebec newspapers – approximately 3,000 and 330 mentions, respectively – indicating a sustained interest. This study explores Quebec press coverage from 1804 to 1900, aiming to uncover how Haiti and its people were represented in Quebec’s journalistic discourse of the time.The relationship between Quebec and Haiti has deep historical roots. While the current Haitian diaspora in Canada has drawn attention to their contemporary ties, these connections date back to colonial times. Under French rule, Nouvelle-France and Saint-Domingue played pivotal roles in a trade triangle that facilitated the movement of people and goods across the Atlantic empire. Although these exchanges weakened following Quebec’s cession to Britain in 1763 and seemingly ceased after Haiti declared its independence in 1804, Haiti faced significant political and economic isolation from world powers thereafter. Canada, under British control, also followed this trend of detachment. However, a closer examination reveals numerous references to Haiti and Saint-Domingue in 19th-century Quebec newspapers – approximately 3,000 and 330 mentions, respectively – indicating a sustained interest. This study explores Quebec press coverage from 1804 to 1900, aiming to uncover how Haiti and its people were represented in Quebec’s journalistic discourse of the time.The relationship between Quebec and Haiti has deep historical roots. While the current Haitian diaspora in Canada has drawn attention to their contemporary ties, these connections date back to colonial times. Under French rule, Nouvelle-France and Saint-Domingue played pivotal roles in a trade triangle that facilitated the movement of people and goods across the Atlantic empire. Although these exchanges weakened following Quebec’s cession to Britain in 1763 and seemingly ceased after Haiti declared its independence in 1804, Haiti faced significant political and economic isolation from world powers thereafter. Canada, under British control, also followed this trend of detachment. However, a closer examination reveals numerous references to Haiti and Saint-Domingue in 19th-century Quebec newspapers – approximately 3,000 and 330 mentions, respectively – indicating a sustained interest. This study explores Quebec press coverage from 1804 to 1900, aiming to uncover how Haiti and its people were represented in Quebec’s journalistic discourse of the time

    Opowieść o zabijaniu. Opowieść o szacunku. (Nie)antropocentryczna interpretacja noweli Stary człowiek i morze Ernesta Hemingwaya

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    Ernest Hemingway certainly earned the reputation of an avid hunter and a passionate bullfighting enthusiast. However, his views on the human relationship with the nonhuman world are not as straightforward as they might initially appear. The Old Man and the Sea, which earned Hemingway the Nobel Prize in 1954, exemplifies this complexity. This article offers an ecocritical reading of The Old Man and the Sea, with a focus on the anthropocentric and non-anthropocentric perspectives. It seeks to characterize the human-animal relationship and to examine the figure of a human presented in the narrative. Additionally, the article provides a biographical perspective on Hemingway, exploring his evolving ecological attitudes. Ernest Hemingway bez wątpienia zasłużył sobie na miano zapalonego myśliwego oraz pasjonata korridy. Jednak jego poglądy dotyczące relacji człowieka ze światem pozaludzkim nie są tak jednoznaczne, jak mogłoby się początkowo wydawać. Nowela Stary człowiek i morze, za którą w 1954 roku Hemingway otrzymał Nagrodę Nobla, jest najlepszym przykładem tej złożoności. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi ekokrytyczną interpretację utworu Stary człowiek i morze ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem perspektywy antropocentrycznej i nieantropocentrycznej. Celem analizy jest scharakteryzowanie relacji człowieka i zwierzęcia oraz omówienie sposobu przedstawienia postaci ludzkiej w narracji. Ponadto artykuł zawiera biograficzne spojrzenie na Hemingwaya, analizując jego ewoluujące poglądy ekologiczne.&nbsp

    The New Scope of Application of Hague Convention From 2006 as an Example of Adaptation to the Requirements of Financial System Resiliance and Technological Changes

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    This article is an attempt to answer the question about the future and possible wider use of the Hague Convention on the law applicable to certain rights relating to titles held with an intermediary, signed in 2006.The validity of the hypothesis included in this article results from both technological and legal development aspects. Within the scope of technological development, it should be noted that the exponential progress in this area could have contributed to changing the way of our life certain forms of activity are functioning on the financial market. Within the scope of legal development, it is worth noting that in recent years new forms of products have appeared on the financial market, such as crypto-assets, in relation to which the issue of determining the applicable law has not been clearly specified by the legislator. The above-mentioned issues are additionally overlapped with collateral aspects related to the legal security of transactions and the credibility of financial intermediaries in the era of warfare in Ukraine and the multi-faceted threats to state security associated with it.The methodology used by the author is related to the functional approach of the historical- descriptive and dogmatic method, and the conclusions drawn indicate significant potential for applying the provisions of the Hague Convention mutatis mutandis to the contemporary financial market. In the Author’s opinion, the Hague Convention may be an example of adaptation to the new requirements of the financial system’s resilience and economic and technological changes, by referring to existing legal acts rather than creating new regulations, the effect of which is the phenomenon of regulatory inflation

    The Role of Central Bank Digital Currencies in Strengthening Financial Resilience

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    This paper examines the potential of a central bank digital currency, specifically the digital euro, to transform the euro area financial sector and affect the stability of the banking system. It addresses the question of how the introduction and design of a retail CBDC in the form of a digital euro may influence the functioning and resilience of the traditional banking model and works with the hypothesis that, under appropriate design choices, a digital euro can complement cash without unduly undermining bank intermediation. The paper adopts a conceptual and analytical approach based on a review of theoretical and model-based studies on CBDCs and banking, combined with official documents of EU institutions and the European Central Bank. The findings indicate that while existing models suggest that retail CBDCs could accelerate bank runs and reinforce bank disintermediation, particularly for smaller deposit-funded banks, they also show that key design features – in particular non-remuneration and calibrated holding limits – can substantially mitigate these risks under the assumptions of the underlying models, highlighting the need for careful calibration and future empirical validation

    Aktywność poznawczo‑behawioralna a jakość życia kobiet w wieku emerytalnym

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    Due to the increase in the average human lifespan, as well as the increase in the population of the elderly, Universities of the Third Age (UTA) were established. The tasks they fulfill include expanding knowledge, incorporating new knowledge into life experience, which is the cognitive-behavioral activity of the elderly. On the other hand, a factor supporting coping with difficulties is the sense of coherence (SOC). The aim of the study was to exam¬ine the relationship between participation in classes of the UTA and the sense of quality of life in retirees, and the relationship between quality of life and factors of the sense of coherence depending on participation in classes of the UTA. The study included 51 wom¬en participating in classes of the UTA in Gdańsk and 50 women who do not participate in classes of the UTA, aged 62 to 90. A better perception of the quality of life was observed among students of the UTA than among retirees without UTA. In both groups, a statisti¬cally significant relationship was observed between the sense of coherence and the main indicators of the quality of life. In summary, the research results indicate a significant role of UTA in maintaining the cognitive-behavioral activity of women of retirement age, and thus contributing to the perception of the quality of life of women of retirement age. This is an indication for investing in the development of UTA.W związku ze wzrostem średniej długości życia ludzkiego, jak również wzrostem populacji osób starszych, powstały uniwersytety trzeciego wieku (UTW). Spełniają one zadania poszerzania wiedzy i włączania nowej wiedzy do doświadczenia życiowego, co stanowi aktywność poznawczo‑behawioralną osób starszych. Natomiast czynnikiem wspomagającym radzenie sobie z trudnościami jest poczucie koherencji (ang. sense of coherence, SOC). W artykule przedstawiono badanie dotyczące związku między uczestnictwem w zajęciach UTW a poczuciem jakości życia u emerytek oraz związku między jakością życia a czynnikami poczucia koherencji w zależności od uczestnictwa w zajęciach UTW. Badaniami objęto 51 kobiet biorących udział w zajęciach UTW w Gdańsku i 50 kobiet niebiorących udziału w zajęciach UTW w wieku od 62 do 90 lat. Gdański UTW został powołany w 1979 r. przez Wojewódzki Ośrodek Gerontologiczny. Obecnie działa jako stowarzyszenie zwykłe. W pierwszej grupie zaobserwowano lepsze postrzeganie jakości życia, natomiast w obu grupach stwierdzono istotną statystycznie zależność pomiędzy poczuciem koherencji a głównymi wskaźnikami jakości życia. Podsumowując, wyniki badań potwierdzają istotną rolę UTW w utrzymaniu aktywności poznawczo‑behawioralnej kobiet w wieku emerytalnym, a tym samym w ich percepcji jakości życia. Jest to ważna przesłanka do inwestowania w rozwój UTW

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