University Scientific Journals (Univ. of Gdansk)
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Heurs et malheurs du Congo dans les romans d’In Koli Jean Bofane : "Mathématiques congolaises" et "Congo Inc. Le testament de Bismarck"
Get PDFThis article examines two Congolese novels by In Koli Jean Bofane: Mathématiques congolaises (2008) and Congo Inc. Bismarck's Testament (2014). Their study reveals that the writer makes empathy a narratological and ethical foundation of his writing, with the objective of informing the reader of the socio-political situation of Congo, of making him aware of the tragedy experienced by the Congolese and of encouraging action in their favor. It achieves this objective by two methods: by the presentation of scenes of extreme violence (political, sexual, economic and social) which deeply affect the reader and inspire feelings (pity, compassion, anguish, indignation, anger or guilt) and by the presentation of natural beauties, traditions and Congolese customs, that is to say local particularities which fascinate the reader and awaken his desire to protect this beautiful country and its inhabitants.This article examines two Congolese novels by In Koli Jean Bofane: Mathématiques congolaises (2008) and Congo Inc. Bismarck's Testament (2014). Their study reveals that the writer makes empathy a narratological and ethical foundation of his writing, with the objective of informing the reader of the socio-political situation of Congo, of making him aware of the tragedy experienced by the Congolese and of encouraging action in their favor. It achieves this objective by two methods: by the presentation of scenes of extreme violence (political, sexual, economic and social) which deeply affect the reader and inspire feelings (pity, compassion, anguish, indignation, anger or guilt) and by the presentation of natural beauties, traditions and Congolese customs, that is to say local particularities which fascinate the reader and awaken his desire to protect this beautiful country and its inhabitants.This article examines two Congolese novels by In Koli Jean Bofane: Mathématiques congolaises (2008) and Congo Inc. Bismarck's Testament (2014). Their study reveals that the writer makes empathy a narratological and ethical foundation of his writing, with the objective of informing the reader of the socio-political situation of Congo, of making him aware of the tragedy experienced by the Congolese and of encouraging action in their favor. It achieves this objective by two methods: by the presentation of scenes of extreme violence (political, sexual, economic and social) which deeply affect the reader and inspire feelings (pity, compassion, anguish, indignation, anger or guilt) and by the presentation of natural beauties, traditions and Congolese customs, that is to say local particularities which fascinate the reader and awaken his desire to protect this beautiful country and its inhabitants
Prawo do swobodnego, pokojowego zgromadzania się w Międzynarodowym Pakcie Praw Osobistych i Politycznych
Get PDFThe right to freedom of peaceful assembly under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights is discussed in this article. The idea of a democratic society assumes a respect for pluralism as an essential element of its operation. Assemblies, as institutions of a civic nature, constitute an essential element of any democratic state ruled by law. The right freely to assemble in a peaceful manner contained in Article 21 of the Covenant is a global human-rights standard and stems from personal human dignity. Personal dignity is vested in each individual, and human rights are essentially individual in nature, while a component of collectivity is expressed in the need to exercise this right within a group. Not only does this right to freedom require that this form of human collectivity be allowed to develop, but it also requires that people can both voluntarily join the assembly and can voluntarily abandon and disengage from the collective. With technological development and social progress, the human right to free peaceful assembly can be exercised by the use of the Internet, where people can collectively present their views. Despite the fact that the Internet is the main medium for building a civil society, universal standards regarding free and peaceful assembly do not match the reality of availing oneself of this right on the Internet.Przedmiotem refleksji w niniejszym artykule jest prawo do swobodnego, pokojowego zgromadzania się w Międzynarodowym Pakcie Praw Osobistych i Politycznych. Idea społeczeństwa demokratycznego zakłada poszanowanie pluralizmu jako istotnego elementu jego funkcjonowania. Zgromadzenia, jako instytucje typu obywatelskiego, stanowią istotny składnik demokratycznego państwa prawnego. Prawo do swobodnego, pokojowego zgromadzania się zawarte w art. 21 Paktu należy do światowego kanonu praw człowieka, a jego źródłem jest osobowa godność człowieka. Godność osobowa przysługuje każdej jednostce, zaś prawa człowieka co do zasady mają charakter indywidualny, natomiast komponent kolektywności wyraża się w konieczności realizacji tego prawa w grupie. Prawo to wyposażone w przymiot swobodności wymaga nie tylko umożliwienia zaistnienia tej formy zbiorowości ludzkiej, ale także dobrowolnego przyłączenia się do zgromadzenia oraz rezygnacji i odłączenia od kolektywu. Wraz z rozwojem technologicznym i postępem cywilizacyjnym prawo człowieka do swobodnego, pokojowego zgromadzania się może być realizowane za pomocą Internetu, gdzie osoby mogą w sposób kolektywny prezentować swoje poglądy. Pomimo tego, że Internet jest podstawowym medium do budowania społeczeństwa obywatelskiego, standardy uniwersalne dotyczące swobodnego, pokojowego zgromadzania się nie przystają do realiów jego wykonywania w Internecie
Ewolucja dróg na Kołbielszczyźnie jako element zmiany krajobrazu kulturowego
Get PDFThe ethnographic material collected during fieldwork in the Kołbielszczyzna region is analyzed in terms of the change in the cultural landscape. The subject of the research is the change in the networking and status of local roads. Both historical and currently built roads are taken into account in the frame of Bruno Latour’s actor-network theory. The presented conclusions show how the changes of local roads illustrate civilizational changes in the Polish countryside.The ethnographic material collected during fieldwork in the Kołbielszczyzna region is analyzed in terms of the change in the cultural landscape. The subject of the research is the change in the networking and status of local roads. Both historical and currently built roads are taken into account in the frame of Bruno Latour’s actor-network theory. The presented conclusions show how the changes of local roads illustrate civilizational changes in the Polish countryside.The ethnographic material collected during fieldwork in the Kołbielszczyzna region is analyzed in terms of the change in the cultural landscape. The subject of the research is the change in the networking and status of local roads. Both historical and currently built roads are taken into account in the frame of Bruno Latour’s actor-network theory. The presented conclusions show how the changes of local roads illustrate civilizational changes in the Polish countryside
The Penmen of the Hanse. Functions and agency of the urban secretaries at the Hanse diets (c. 1360–c. 1450)
Get PDFAccording to the records of the Hanse diets (the recesse) in the 14th and 15th centuries, these meetings were supposed to be opened only to the consuls of the Hanse cities – i.e. to members of the City Council of their home town. The secretaries were explicitly excluded, although they used to be highly engaged in their town’s diplomacy. However, a closer look at the sources reveals that these officers played in fact an important role behind the scenes, and that at certain moments they even had the possibility to plead publicly. This article examines the secretaries’ agency and seeks to show that they could perform multiple and various tasks during the diets: information, message transmission, advice, as well as informal conflict management. Some notaries also played an important role in the drafting and archiving of the recesse. Their agency seems to have depended both on personal qualities and on the involvement of their hometown in the Hanse.According to the records of the Hanse diets (the recesse) in the 14th and 15th centuries, these meetings were supposed to be opened only to the consuls of the Hanse cities – i.e. to members of the City Council of their home town. The secretaries were explicitly excluded, although they used to be highly engaged in their town’s diplomacy. However, a closer look at the sources reveals that these officers played in fact an important role behind the scenes, and that at certain moments they even had the possibility to plead publicly. This article examines the secretaries’ agency and seeks to show that they could perform multiple and various tasks during the diets: information, message transmission, advice, as well as informal conflict management. Some notaries also played an important role in the drafting and archiving of the recesse. Their agency seems to have depended both on personal qualities and on the involvement of their hometown in the Hanse
Czy w badaniach nad historią średniowiecznego budownictwa zamkowego w państwie krzyżackim w Prusach niczym nieskrępowaną wyobraźnią można zastępować niedostatki źródłowe?
Get PDFAs part of a polemic with the theses of Christofer Herrmann’s article from 2023, the authors state that between 1395 and 1398, a builder referred to in written sources as "Master Jan" actually worked in Malbork. He probably had some involvement in the work carried out on the Teutonic Knights’ castle there, perhaps at the "palace" of the grand masters located in the western wing of the first, inner bailey. However, this is where our knowledge about him ends. Everything else that Herrmann writes about this figure is a product of this scholar’s unfettered imagination and disregards scholarly methods that apply in historical writing. Therefore, his arguments on this subject should be rejected in their entirety.As part of a polemic with the theses of Christofer Herrmann’s article from 2023, the authors state that between 1395 and 1398, a builder referred to in written sources as "Master Jan" actually worked in Malbork. He probably had some involvement in the work carried out on the Teutonic Knights’ castle there, perhaps at the "palace" of the grand masters located in the western wing of the first, inner bailey. However, this is where our knowledge about him ends. Everything else that Herrmann writes about this figure is a product of this scholar’s unfettered imagination and disregards scholarly methods that apply in historical writing. Therefore, his arguments on this subject should be rejected in their entirety
Openness to experience and innovative work behavior: workplace politics harms the innovativeness of those low on openness
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Work innovation is essential to both employee and organizational success in today’s highly competitive work environment. Although scholars have found personality (e.g., openness to experience) to relate to innovative work behavior, only some research has examined how context might influence personality’s effects, and very few studies have examined work environments (e.g., workplace politics) that could be detrimental to innovative behavior.
Participants and procedur
Taking a trait activation approach, across two time points, we examined how openness affects the perceptions of organizational politics (POP)–innovative work behavior relationship using a sample of employees and supervisors working in a variety of finance sectors.
Results
The results revealed that innovative work behaviors, as rated by managers both concurrently and six months later, decrease crease for employees low on openness under conditions of elevated POP, but are not reduced for those high on openness under high POP. Thus, the (only) employees whose innovative behavior was negatively affected were those who were otherwise least prone to engage in work innovation (i.e., those low on openness), indicating the harmful effect of workplace politics on this valuable work behavior.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that scholars should develop a more nuanced understanding of openness’s long-established relationship with innovation at work, paying particular attention to the context of their openness studies. Background
Work innovation is essential to both employee and organizational success in today’s highly competitive work environment. Although scholars have found personality (e.g., openness to experience) to relate to innovative work behavior, only some research has examined how context might influence personality’s effects, and very few studies have examined work environments (e.g., workplace politics) that could be detrimental to innovative behavior.
Participants and procedur
Taking a trait activation approach, across two time points, we examined how openness affects the perceptions of organizational politics (POP)–innovative work behavior relationship using a sample of employees and supervisors working in a variety of finance sectors.
Results
The results revealed that innovative work behaviors, as rated by managers both concurrently and six months later, decrease crease for employees low on openness under conditions of elevated POP, but are not reduced for those high on openness under high POP. Thus, the (only) employees whose innovative behavior was negatively affected were those who were otherwise least prone to engage in work innovation (i.e., those low on openness), indicating the harmful effect of workplace politics on this valuable work behavior.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that scholars should develop a more nuanced understanding of openness’s long-established relationship with innovation at work, paying particular attention to the context of their openness studies. 
Cognitive performance and stress states in vulnerable and grandiose narcissism
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We examined the associations between grandiose narcissism (GN), vulnerable narcissism (VN), cognitive inhibition, and task-related state responses.
Participants and procedure
Participants (N = 154; age: M = 23.60, SD = 3.71) completed measures of narcissism, performed a cognitive inhibition task (the antisaccade task), and reported stress states (distress, worry and engagement) before and after the task.
Results
The results revealed that VN was negatively linked to cognitive inhibition. Furthermore, VN predicted higher levels of distress and lower levels of engagement during the task, whereas GN predicted higher engagement and lower distress.
Conclusions
These findings demonstrate a negative impact of VN on cognitive performance and stress responses during task performance. Understanding these dynamics enhances our knowledge of how narcissism may influence cognitive functioning.
Background
We examined the associations between grandiose narcissism (GN), vulnerable narcissism (VN), cognitive inhibition, and task-related state responses.
Participants and procedure
Participants (N = 154; age: M = 23.60, SD = 3.71) completed measures of narcissism, performed a cognitive inhibition task (the antisaccade task), and reported stress states (distress, worry and engagement) before and after the task.
Results
The results revealed that VN was negatively linked to cognitive inhibition. Furthermore, VN predicted higher levels of distress and lower levels of engagement during the task, whereas GN predicted higher engagement and lower distress.
Conclusions
These findings demonstrate a negative impact of VN on cognitive performance and stress responses during task performance. Understanding these dynamics enhances our knowledge of how narcissism may influence cognitive functioning.
 
Research on the Polish short version of the Self-Regulation Scale: a study across adolescents and adults with three independent samples
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Self-regulation is the ability to make and execute plans, manage emotions, and control behavior in order to achieve goals. Self-regulatory skills are crucial for proper psychosocial functioning. A higher level of self-regulation skills helps build more supportive relationships and is related to higher psychological well-being. Poor self-regulation is associated with a higher probability of falling into addictions and appears to be the main reason behind a wide range of behavioral problems.
Participants and procedure
The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Polish short version of the Self-Regulation Scale (sSRS) based on the 26-item Self-Regulation Scale. The following validity indicators were used: the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Positive Orientation Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire. The study was conducted using a 12-item sSRS with a total of 1,525 participants from three independent studies.
Results
The obtained higher-order factor model confirmed the three-factor structure of self-regulation, containing three main aspects: emotional (propensity for impulsivity and intense, negative emotional states), cognitive (ability to make and execute plans), and behavioral (fidgetiness and being in movement, as well as difficulties in focusing and directing attention). Two higher-order factors were added to the behavioral dimension: hyperactivity and behavioral attention.
Conclusions
The results of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA, CFA) as well as the obtained values of reliability and validity coefficients indicate satisfactory psychometric properties of the sSRS and its usefulness in further empirical research.Background
Self-regulation is the ability to make and execute plans, manage emotions, and control behavior in order to achieve goals. Self-regulatory skills are crucial for proper psychosocial functioning. A higher level of self-regulation skills helps build more supportive relationships and is related to higher psychological well-being. Poor self-regulation is associated with a higher probability of falling into addictions and appears to be the main reason behind a wide range of behavioral problems.
Participants and procedure
The present study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Polish short version of the Self-Regulation Scale (sSRS) based on the 26-item Self-Regulation Scale. The following validity indicators were used: the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Positive Orientation Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire. The study was conducted using a 12-item sSRS with a total of 1,525 participants from three independent studies.
Results
The obtained higher-order factor model confirmed the three-factor structure of self-regulation, containing three main aspects: emotional (propensity for impulsivity and intense, negative emotional states), cognitive (ability to make and execute plans), and behavioral (fidgetiness and being in movement, as well as difficulties in focusing and directing attention). Two higher-order factors were added to the behavioral dimension: hyperactivity and behavioral attention.
Conclusions
The results of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA, CFA) as well as the obtained values of reliability and validity coefficients indicate satisfactory psychometric properties of the sSRS and its usefulness in further empirical research
Developmental Crisis Questionnaire (DCQ-12): psychometric characteristics of the Czech version among adult respondents
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This study examined the psychometric properties of the Czech version of the Developmental Crisis Questionnaire (DCQ-12), assessing its internal consistency, factor structure, and associations with psychosocial variables such as self-esteem, social support, life satisfaction, negative emotionality, and perceived stress.
Participants and procedure:
The sample included 761 participants aged 19-59 years, primarily women (68.4%), recruited online. DCQ-12, along with measures for self-esteem, self-efficacy, life satisfaction, perceived stress, and negative emotionality, was administered. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and McDonald’s omega were employed to evaluate the questionnaire’s structure and reliability. Age and gender differences were assessed through two-way ANOVA.
Results:
DCQ-12 demonstrated high internal consistency (ω = .89 for the total scale), though one subscale (Transition and Turning Point) showed lower reliability (ω = .63). A three-factor model with minor modifications exhibited good fit (CFI = .956, RMSEA = .068). DCQ-12 correlated positively with stress and negative emotionality, and negatively with self-esteem, self-efficacy, life satisfaction, social support, and meaning in life. Developmental crisis was more prevalent among younger adults and women. Crisis prevalence declined with age and varied by gender, with notable differences observed in younger and middle adulthood.
Conclusions:
The Czech version of DCQ-12 is a reliable tool for assessing developmental crisis across adulthood. The current findings align with existing literature on psychosocial predictors of crisis. Future studies should explore the utility of DCQ-12 in diverse age groups and cultural contexts.
Background:
This study examined the psychometric properties of the Czech version of the Developmental Crisis Questionnaire (DCQ-12), assessing its internal consistency, factor structure, and associations with psychosocial variables such as self-esteem, social support, life satisfaction, negative emotionality, and perceived stress.
Participants and procedure:
The sample included 761 participants aged 19-59 years, primarily women (68.4%), recruited online. DCQ-12, along with measures for self-esteem, self-efficacy, life satisfaction, perceived stress, and negative emotionality, was administered. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and McDonald’s omega were employed to evaluate the questionnaire’s structure and reliability. Age and gender differences were assessed through two-way ANOVA.
Results:
DCQ-12 demonstrated high internal consistency (ω = .89 for the total scale), though one subscale (Transition and Turning Point) showed lower reliability (ω = .63). A three-factor model with minor modifications exhibited good fit (CFI = .956, RMSEA = .068). DCQ-12 correlated positively with stress and negative emotionality, and negatively with self-esteem, self-efficacy, life satisfaction, social support, and meaning in life. Developmental crisis was more prevalent among younger adults and women. Crisis prevalence declined with age and varied by gender, with notable differences observed in younger and middle adulthood.
Conclusions:
The Czech version of DCQ-12 is a reliable tool for assessing developmental crisis across adulthood. The current findings align with existing literature on psychosocial predictors of crisis. Future studies should explore the utility of DCQ-12 in diverse age groups and cultural contexts