University Scientific Journals (Univ. of Gdansk)
Not a member yet
10596 research outputs found
Sort by
Childhood illnesses as risk indicators of adult mental health symptomatology
Get PDFBackground:Links between childhood illnesses such as acne and migraines and co-occurring or subsequent mental health symptomatol-ogy are not well understood. Early medical histories have seldom been examined as adversity risk indicators.Participants and procedure:This survey analysis of college students (N = 2,636) examined links between four forms of childhood illness (migraine head-aches, acne, asthma, and enuresis) and adult mental health symptomatology.Results:Four medical conditions often diagnosed in childhood or adolescence were prevalent enough in the college sample to test as risk indicators for lifetime mental health concerns. All four medical illnesses significantly raised the odds (ORM = 2.04) of lifetime depressive and anxiety disorder diagnoses. Current symptomatology was also raised for all but one (enuresis) medi-cal condition. These effects were found after controlling for respondent age and various forms of childhood maltreatment (sexual, physical, and/or emotional abuse).Conclusions:Heightened awareness of medical histories during clinical intake assessments seems warranted. Adversity researchers might also consider the inclusion of childhood medical conditions as future maladjustment risk indicators. Study limitations included the cross-sectional design and unclearly specified timing of the self-reported psychological and health recollections. The role of modulating variables such as gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and family climate in physical-mental health relationships warrants continued focus.Background:Links between childhood illnesses such as acne and migraines and co-occurring or subsequent mental health symptomatol-ogy are not well understood. Early medical histories have seldom been examined as adversity risk indicators.Participants and procedure:This survey analysis of college students (N = 2,636) examined links between four forms of childhood illness (migraine head-aches, acne, asthma, and enuresis) and adult mental health symptomatology.Results:Four medical conditions often diagnosed in childhood or adolescence were prevalent enough in the college sample to test as risk indicators for lifetime mental health concerns. All four medical illnesses significantly raised the odds (ORM = 2.04) of lifetime depressive and anxiety disorder diagnoses. Current symptomatology was also raised for all but one (enuresis) medi-cal condition. These effects were found after controlling for respondent age and various forms of childhood maltreatment (sexual, physical, and/or emotional abuse).Conclusions:Heightened awareness of medical histories during clinical intake assessments seems warranted. Adversity researchers might also consider the inclusion of childhood medical conditions as future maladjustment risk indicators. Study limitations included the cross-sectional design and unclearly specified timing of the self-reported psychological and health recollections. The role of modulating variables such as gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and family climate in physical-mental health relationships warrants continued focus
Quality control of time-series seawater temperature and wave data adapted to the regional conditions of the Baltic Sea
Get PDFMarking outliers using available methods for identifying such observations should be a standard practice in the database management process. The research aimed to adapt universal data quality control tools and tests to their applicability in the southern Baltic Sea by setting new limit values, enabling the detection of erroneous or suspicious data, which can be subjected to expert verification at a later stage. This verification stage may include analysing current conditions and processes and determining the values measured at a given time and space. Our research has proven that using global algorithms requires adapting the limit values based on regional conditions. The global quality control tests, such as the spike test, Dixon’s 4(σ), Q-Dixon, Hampel, quartile, and gradient tests for oceanographic data, were examined, and their application in the research area was verified. As part of the task, a few tests were conducted in various areas of the Baltic Sea, and they were modified to adapt them to the research results of the southern Baltic Sea. Depending on the methodology adopted, verification tests result in the selection of suspicious observations, enabling their expert assessment and the final qualification of measurements that may be considered outliers.Marking outliers using available methods for identifying such observations should be a standard practice in the database management process. The research aimed to adapt universal data quality control tools and tests to their applicability in the southern Baltic Sea by setting new limit values, enabling the detection of erroneous or suspicious data, which can be subjected to expert verification at a later stage. This verification stage may include analysing current conditions and processes and determining the values measured at a given time and space. Our research has proven that using global algorithms requires adapting the limit values based on regional conditions. The global quality control tests, such as the spike test, Dixon’s 4(σ), Q-Dixon, Hampel, quartile, and gradient tests for oceanographic data, were examined, and their application in the research area was verified. As part of the task, a few tests were conducted in various areas of the Baltic Sea, and they were modified to adapt them to the research results of the southern Baltic Sea. Depending on the methodology adopted, verification tests result in the selection of suspicious observations, enabling their expert assessment and the final qualification of measurements that may be considered outliers
Poésie et évasion solitaire. De Baudelaire à Michaux
Get PDFThis paper aims to conduct a comparative study of the solitary and poetic escapism from Baudelaire to Michaux. It seeks to trace the genealogy of this concept and to understand how the poets explore their suffering while pursuing the infinite. The study posits that their poetic approaches, although distinct in form and era, seek to transcend the limitations of human existence through an infinite exploration of interiority. We draw a parallel between Baudelaire’s "spleen" and Michaux’s "turbulent infinite," highlighting how each poet uses poetry as a tool for exploring the infinite. Baudelaire attempts to overcome the anguish of losing the ideal by resorting to imagination and the sublimation of suffering, while Michaux rejects all mystical transcendence and immerses himself in a brutal and hallucinatory introspection. While Baudelaire aspires to the ideal through an alchemical form of poetry, Michaux explores a torn interiority, where fragmentation becomes a form of fluid unity.This paper aims to conduct a comparative study of the solitary and poetic escapism from Baudelaire to Michaux. It seeks to trace the genealogy of this concept and to understand how the poets explore their suffering while pursuing the infinite. The study posits that their poetic approaches, although distinct in form and era, seek to transcend the limitations of human existence through an infinite exploration of interiority. We draw a parallel between Baudelaire’s "spleen" and Michaux’s "turbulent infinite," highlighting how each poet uses poetry as a tool for exploring the infinite. Baudelaire attempts to overcome the anguish of losing the ideal by resorting to imagination and the sublimation of suffering, while Michaux rejects all mystical transcendence and immerses himself in a brutal and hallucinatory introspection. While Baudelaire aspires to the ideal through an alchemical form of poetry, Michaux explores a torn interiority, where fragmentation becomes a form of fluid unity.This paper aims to conduct a comparative study of the solitary and poetic escapism from Baudelaire to Michaux. It seeks to trace the genealogy of this concept and to understand how the poets explore their suffering while pursuing the infinite. The study posits that their poetic approaches, although distinct in form and era, seek to transcend the limitations of human existence through an infinite exploration of interiority. We draw a parallel between Baudelaire’s "spleen" and Michaux’s "turbulent infinite," highlighting how each poet uses poetry as a tool for exploring the infinite. Baudelaire attempts to overcome the anguish of losing the ideal by resorting to imagination and the sublimation of suffering, while Michaux rejects all mystical transcendence and immerses himself in a brutal and hallucinatory introspection. While Baudelaire aspires to the ideal through an alchemical form of poetry, Michaux explores a torn interiority, where fragmentation becomes a form of fluid unity
O zmieniającym się statusie gramatycznym polskiego zaimka wskazującego ten
Get PDFThis article presents quantitative data regarding the frequency of use of the Polish proximal demonstrative ten ‘this’, which shows signs of becoming an article (Bartnik 2015). The Polish language does not have articles; however, it allows for structures in which the demonstrative occurs in the same contexts as the definite article of English in order to place emphasis on the following noun. The material analysed for the purposes of this paper includes 15 hours of live football commentaries and focuses on 7 patterns of use of the demonstrative. The study also attempts to determine whether or not the frequency of use of the function word is correlated with the level of education of the speaker. In order to achieve the goal, the patterns of use by professional sports journalists and former footballers are compared. The results suggest that, indeed, the demonstrative frequently occurs in contexts where it is unnecessary. The most frequent example involves the phrase ta piłka ‘the ball’, where the noun can be regarded as a unique referent in the context of a football game. Pragmatically speaking, from the perspective of the Polish language, if someone says ta piłka ‘the ball’ while commenting on a game, the demonstrative is redundant as only one ball can be used during a match. Importantly, a definite article must be present in such contexts in the English language, which has a strong influence on Polish. Given that the phenomenon described in the article appears to be a contact-induced change in progress, the theoretical framework of Usage-Based Linguistics is used here to account for it.Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia dane ilościowe dotyczące częstotliwości użycia polskiego zaimka wskazującego ten, który wykazuje oznaki przekształcania się w rodzajnik (Bartnik 2015). Język polski nie ma rodzajników, jednak dopuszcza konstrukcje, w których zaimek wskazujący występuje w tych samych kontekstach, co przedimek określony w języku angielskim, kładąc nacisk na następujący po nim rzeczownik. Materiał przeanalizowany na potrzeby niniejszego artykułu obejmuje 15 godzin transmisji na żywo meczów piłki nożnej i koncentruje się na 7 wzorcach użycia zaimka wskazującego. W badaniu podjęto również próbę ustalenia, czy częstotliwość użycia tego wyrazu funkcyjnego jest skorelowana z poziomem wykształcenia osoby mówiącej. Aby osiągnąć ten cel, porównano wzorce użycia zaimka przez zawodowych dziennikarzy sportowych i byłych piłkarzy. Wyniki sugerują, że zaimek wskazujący rzeczywiście często występuje w kontekstach, w których jest niepotrzebny. Najczęstszym przykładem jest wyrażenie ta piłka (ang. the ball), gdzie rzeczownik ten można uznać za określony w kontekście meczu piłkarskiego. Z punktu widzenia pragmatyki, jeśli ktoś powie ta piłka komentując mecz, forma wskazująca jest zbędna, ponieważ podczas meczu można użyć tylko jednej piłki. Biorąc pod uwagę, że zmiany opisane w artykule wywołane są kontaktem z językiem angielskim, w pracy posłużono się teoretycznym modelem językoznawstwa opartego na użyciu (Usage-Based Linguistics), aby wyjaśnić przyczyny tego zjawiska
Kobieta jako fundament ie: mit, kultura i rzeczywistość japońskiego macierzyństwa
Get PDFThe role of women and mothers in Japan is deeply ingrained in social structures rooted in pre-modern culture. Despite legal and constitutional changes, in everyday practice, many contemporary Japanese women still function “in the shadow” of the ideal of ryōsai kenbo Contemporary women – mothers, daughters-in-law, employees – often experience pressure to simultaneously conform to expectations derived from tradition and the realities of the modern, competitive labor market. In recent decades, however, we have seen phenomena that testify to a profound social transformation, both in response to traditional social norms and to the impossibility of fulfilling them. The growing number of women consciously choosing not to start a family (parasite singles) and choosing a career over motherhood (DINKs – double income, no kids) points to a widening gap between social expectations and the existential reality of younger generations. The combination of these phenomena shows that Japan is at the intersection of two worlds – the legacy of the ie structure and the reality of a global, individualistic society. The role of women – between legend, ideal, social duty, and personal choice – remains one of the most striking areas of this transformation. The aim of this article is to analyze the historical, cultural, and social discourse on the role of women-mothers in Japanese society.The role of women and mothers in Japan is deeply ingrained in social structures rooted in pre-modern culture. Despite legal and constitutional changes, in everyday practice, many contemporary Japanese women still function “in the shadow” of the ideal of ryōsai kenbo Contemporary women – mothers, daughters-in-law, employees – often experience pressure to simultaneously conform to expectations derived from tradition and the realities of the modern, competitive labor market. In recent decades, however, we have seen phenomena that testify to a profound social transformation, both in response to traditional social norms and to the impossibility of fulfilling them. The growing number of women consciously choosing not to start a family (parasite singles) and choosing a career over motherhood (DINKs – double income, no kids) points to a widening gap between social expectations and the existential reality of younger generations. The combination of these phenomena shows that Japan is at the intersection of two worlds – the legacy of the ie structure and the reality of a global, individualistic society. The role of women – between legend, ideal, social duty, and personal choice – remains one of the most striking areas of this transformation. The aim of this article is to analyze the historical, cultural, and social discourse on the role of women-mothers in Japanese society
Kulturowe, religijne i społeczne czynniki wpływające na popełnianie zbrodni w Japonii
Get PDFJapan is known worldwide for its exceptionally low crime rate and overall public safety. This status is supported by the synergy of strict legal measures, high trust in institutions, and culturally rooted norms of social harmony and responsibility. This article provides an analysis of factors specific to Japan that influence the commission of specific crimes, their social perception, and ultimately the imposition of punishment. It examines cultural, religious, and social factors influencing the commission of crimes.
A characteristic cultural feature is the cha-no ma – the family living room – as a symbolic and practical center of moral education. In this space, children are socialized through exposure to television and social narratives, which are discussed in the setting of an extended family. Such close family relations and discussions reinforce ethical behavior and community expectations. However, the existence of spaces such as cha-no ma, which serve to transmit traditional values, is threatened by social changes – small families and a general closure of face-to-face communication in favor of the Internet. In addition, many aspects of Japanese culture, especially its multi-layered nature, resulting from the coexistence of four basic philosophical systems – Shinto, Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism – overlaid with secular and technological Western influences, reinforce self-discipline, a love of order, a sense of duty, and acting in accordance with accepted rules, that is, in accordance with the law. Central to the social order in Japan is the role of traditional values such as harmony (wa), duty (giri), and shame (haji), which together act as informal deterrents to bad behavior. The criminal justice system emphasizes both deterrence and rehabilitation, especially for youth, often favoring moral reform over penal isolation.
While public crimes are rare, there are hidden problems – such as bullying, domestic violence, sexual offenses, assisted suicides, etc. – that are often silenced and insufficiently stigmatized. However, these negative phenomena are increasingly publicized through media channels and fi lms, suggesting a dynamic relationship between tradition and modern reforms. Japan’s security is therefore not simply a function of legal control, but a product of deeply intertwined cultural, family, and institutional forces shaping collective behavior.Japan is known worldwide for its exceptionally low crime rate and overall public safety. This status is supported by the synergy of strict legal measures, high trust in institutions, and culturally rooted norms of social harmony and responsibility. This article provides an analysis of factors specific to Japan that influence the commission of specific crimes, their social perception, and ultimately the imposition of punishment. It examines cultural, religious, and social factors influencing the commission of crimes.
A characteristic cultural feature is the cha-no ma – the family living room – as a symbolic and practical center of moral education. In this space, children are socialized through exposure to television and social narratives, which are discussed in the setting of an extended family. Such close family relations and discussions reinforce ethical behavior and community expectations. However, the existence of spaces such as cha-no ma, which serve to transmit traditional values, is threatened by social changes – small families and a general closure of face-to-face communication in favor of the Internet. In addition, many aspects of Japanese culture, especially its multi-layered nature, resulting from the coexistence of four basic philosophical systems – Shinto, Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism – overlaid with secular and technological Western influences, reinforce self-discipline, a love of order, a sense of duty, and acting in accordance with accepted rules, that is, in accordance with the law. Central to the social order in Japan is the role of traditional values such as harmony (wa), duty (giri), and shame (haji), which together act as informal deterrents to bad behavior. The criminal justice system emphasizes both deterrence and rehabilitation, especially for youth, often favoring moral reform over penal isolation.
While public crimes are rare, there are hidden problems – such as bullying, domestic violence, sexual offenses, assisted suicides, etc. – that are often silenced and insufficiently stigmatized. However, these negative phenomena are increasingly publicized through media channels and fi lms, suggesting a dynamic relationship between tradition and modern reforms. Japan’s security is therefore not simply a function of legal control, but a product of deeply intertwined cultural, family, and institutional forces shaping collective behavior
Między Hiroszimą a Auschwitz – polsko-japońska koprodukcja filmu "Ognie są jeszcze żywe"
No full textIn the history of Polish cinema, most international co-productions have involved neighboring countries. One exception is Fires Are Still Alive (Ognie są jeszcze żywe, 1976), directed by Nobito Abe, the first Polish-Japanese co-production, and a rare example of such collaboration to this day. The plot revolves around the legacy of the Second World War’s tragedies in both countries: The Holocaust and the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. While the film failed to achieve commercial or critical success, our aim is not to rehabilitate its artistic value, but to draw attention to its unique transcultural context. We use archival materials and a testimony from a film crew member to reconstruct the production process and reception. Furthermore, we analyze how the film develops and reframes existing discourse on Polish and Japanese national traumas and their universal dimension.In the history of Polish cinema, most international co-productions have involved neighboring countries. One exception is Fires Are Still Alive (Ognie są jeszcze żywe, 1976), directed by Nobito Abe, the first Polish-Japanese co-production, and a rare example of such collaboration to this day. The plot revolves around the legacy of the Second World War’s tragedies in both countries: The Holocaust and the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. While the film failed to achieve commercial or critical success, our aim is not to rehabilitate its artistic value, but to draw attention to its unique transcultural context. We use archival materials and a testimony from a film crew member to reconstruct the production process and reception. Furthermore, we analyze how the film develops and reframes existing discourse on Polish and Japanese national traumas and their universal dimension
„Znowu jak w bajce” – rzecz o wspomnieniach podróżniczych Juliana Fałata z Chin i Japonii
Get PDFJulian Fałat (1853–1929) was a Polish painter whose paintings show the influence of Japanese art and aesthetics, making him one of the most prominent representatives of japonisme in Poland. Along with his friend Edward Simmler, Fałat visited Japan and China during a round-the-world trip. The memories of this journey are included in his Pamiętniki (Journals). This article aims to show the perspectives that Fałat adopted while describing his stay in Singapore and Hong Kong and during his stay in Japan. I focus on analyzing the components of Fałat’s narration and on showing different strategies that the painter used to characterize his trips.Julian Fałat (1853–1929) was a Polish painter whose paintings show the influence of Japanese art and aesthetics, making him one of the most prominent representatives of japonisme in Poland. Along with his friend Edward Simmler, Fałat visited Japan and China during a round-the-world trip. The memories of this journey are included in his Pamiętniki (Journals). This article aims to show the perspectives that Fałat adopted while describing his stay in Singapore and Hong Kong and during his stay in Japan. I focus on analyzing the components of Fałat’s narration and on showing different strategies that the painter used to characterize his trips
Approche anthropologique de la solitude
Get PDFThe article explores three levels of solitude and lists numerous instances of the role solitude has played in human civilization. Firstly, it is the personal, bodily and mental experience of self. Secondly, it is a geographical space experienced in various contexts as insanity (Baudelaire), paradise (Western colonizers), isolation (liberal capitalism), luxury/exclusion (worldwide phenomenon), escape (consumerism), and marginal/power-generating (Native Americans’ hunters and shamans). Thirdly, it is an indispensable tool for critical thinking and ethical revolt (Theodor Adorno), and a tool for building human solidarity (Hannah Arendt). Lastly, the author shares personal reflections about the role of solitude during the recent Covid pandemic. Following Levi-Strauss’ “science of the concrete,” the author uses personal experiences as well as scientific (historical and theoretical) examples to conclude that solitude can be both an expression of positive self-awareness and community-building and an instrument of individual and social destruction.The article explores three levels of solitude and lists numerous instances of the role solitude has played in human civilization. Firstly, it is the personal, bodily and mental experience of self. Secondly, it is a geographical space experienced in various contexts as insanity (Baudelaire), paradise (Western colonizers), isolation (liberal capitalism), luxury/exclusion (worldwide phenomenon), escape (consumerism), and marginal/power-generating (Native Americans’ hunters and shamans). Thirdly, it is an indispensable tool for critical thinking and ethical revolt (Theodor Adorno), and a tool for building human solidarity (Hannah Arendt). Lastly, the author shares personal reflections about the role of solitude during the recent Covid pandemic. Following Levi-Strauss’ “science of the concrete,” the author uses personal experiences as well as scientific (historical and theoretical) examples to conclude that solitude can be both an expression of positive self-awareness and community-building and an instrument of individual and social destruction.The article explores three levels of solitude and lists numerous instances of the role solitude has played in human civilization. Firstly, it is the personal, bodily and mental experience of self. Secondly, it is a geographical space experienced in various contexts as insanity (Baudelaire), paradise (Western colonizers), isolation (liberal capitalism), luxury/exclusion (worldwide phenomenon), escape (consumerism), and marginal/power-generating (Native Americans’ hunters and shamans). Thirdly, it is an indispensable tool for critical thinking and ethical revolt (Theodor Adorno), and a tool for building human solidarity (Hannah Arendt). Lastly, the author shares personal reflections about the role of solitude during the recent Covid pandemic. Following Levi-Strauss’ “science of the concrete,” the author uses personal experiences as well as scientific (historical and theoretical) examples to conclude that solitude can be both an expression of positive self-awareness and community-building and an instrument of individual and social destruction
