University Scientific Journals (Univ. of Gdansk)
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Towards a New “Soviet person”: The Biopolitics of Putinism Through the Lens of Ontological Security
Get PDFThis article examines the biopolitics of Putinism through the theoretical lens of ontological security, arguing that contemporary Russia is pursuing a renewed attempt to construct a new form of the ‘Soviet person’. Central to this process is the increasing securitisation of domains traditionally considered private, including sexuality, family life, reproduction, and cultural expression. By invoking ontological security, the study shows how the state legitimises invasive control over the biological lives of its citizens by framing such measures as essential to the preservation of Russia’s unique civilisation and moral superiority.W tym artykule przeanalizowano biopolitykę putinizmu przez pryzmat teorii bezpieczeństwa ontologicznego, argumentując, że współczesna Rosja podejmuje ponowną próbę stworzenia nowej formy „człowieka sowieckiego”. Kluczowym elementem tego procesu jest rosnąca sekurytyzacja dziedzin tradycyjnie uważanych za prywatne, w tym seksualności, życia rodzinnego, reprodukcji i ekspresji kulturowej. Odwołując się do koncepcji bezpieczeństwa ontologicznego, artykuł pokazuje, w jaki sposób państwo legitymizuje inwazyjną kontrolę nad życiem biologicznym swoich obywateli, przedstawiając takie środki jako niezbędne do zachowania wyjątkowej cywilizacji i moralnej wyższości Rosji.This article examines the biopolitics of Putinism through the theoretical lens of ontological security, arguing that contemporary Russia is pursuing a renewed attempt to construct a new form of the ‘Soviet person’. Central to this process is the increasing securitisation of domains traditionally considered private, including sexuality, family life, reproduction, and cultural expression. By invoking ontological security, the study shows how the state legitimises invasive control over the biological lives of its citizens by framing such measures as essential to the preservation of Russia’s unique civilisation and moral superiority
Sprawozdanie z wykładu dr. Siarheia Padsasonnego Dostojewski czytany dzisiaj (Uniwersytet Gdański, Wydział Filologiczny, Gdańsk, 27 listopada 2024 r.)
Get PDFThis text constitutes a report on the public lecture Dostoevsky read today delivered by Dr. Siarhei Padsasonny on November 27, 2024, at the Faculty of Philology of the University of Gdańsk. The lecture was organized by the Gdańsk Branch of the Adam Mickiewicz Literary Society. The event was accompanied by the scholarly promotion of the book titled Современный польский Достоевский: рецепция писателя в ежедневнике „Gazeta Wyborcza” (1989–2019) [The Contemporary Polish Dostoevsky: The Reception of the Writer in the “Gazeta Wyborcza” daily (1989–2019)] (Warsaw 2024).Niniejszy tekst stanowi sprawozdanie z wykładu otwartego Dostojewski czytany dzisiaj dr. Siarheia Padsasonnego, który odbył się 27 listopada 2024 roku na Wydziale Filologicznym Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego. Wykład został zorganizowany przez Oddział Gdański Towarzystwa Literackiego im. Adama Mickiewicza. Wydarzeniu towarzyszyła promocja naukowa książki Современный польский Достоевский: рецепция писателя в ежедневнике „Gazeta Wyborcza” (1989–2019) [Współczesny polski Dostojewski: recepcja pisarza w dzienniku „Gazeta Wyborcza” (1989–2019)] (Warszawa 2024).
 
Wyrażenia dwuczłonowe w przekładzie przepisów prawa
Get PDFThis article examines selected binomial expressions in English translations of Polish law, comparing them with binomials found in nontranslated legislative texts. Drawing on four self-compiled corpora representing translated Polish statutes, as well as British, American and EU legislation, the study investigates the frequency and formulaicity of binomials across different varieties of legislative English. The analysis shows that usage patterns differ between translated and nontranslated legislation, with de facto translated legislation often resembling the former. The discrepancies are binomial category-dependent, but overall, binomial expressions are more formulaic in non-translated legal English, especially British, even though their frequency may be lower. Translated and de facto translated legislation may contain more binomials – except prepositional ones – but they are less recurrent and often calqued from the source language. These findings suggest that translational legal English does not fully align with the phraseological conventions typical of common law drafting. Niniejszy artykuł analizuje wybrane wyrażenia dwuczłonowe w angielskich tłumaczeniach polskiego prawa i porównuje je z analogicznymi wyrażeniami występującymi w nietłumaczonych tekstach angielskich. Badanie przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem czterech korpusów obejmujących tłumaczenia polskich ustaw oraz ustawodawstwo brytyjskie, amerykańskie i unijne. Wykazano różnice w użyciu wyrażeń dwuczłonowych pomiędzy tłumaczonym a nietłumaczonym prawem, a także podobieństwo ustawodawstwa unijnego w tym zakresie do prawa tłumaczonego. Zasadniczo wyrażenia dwuczłonowe w angielskich tłumaczeniach polskich ustaw są mniej formuliczne, nawet jeśli w danej kategorii pojawiają się częściej niż w ustawodawstwie nietłumaczonym. Wyjątek stanowią wyrażenia złożone z dwóch przyimków, które zarówno pod względem częstości, jak i formuliczności wyróżniają prawo nietłumaczone. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników można do-wodzić, że tłumaczona angielszczyzna prawnicza nie w pełni realizuje konwencje frazeologiczne charakterystyczne dla przepisów prawa w systemie common law.
Reputational Risk in Banks – Polish Normative (Legal) Aspects
Get PDFA generally accepted standard, both in regulatory and market terms, is risk management, in particular with regard to material risks, in the operation of a bank. The Polish legislation on banking activities also includes norms on the system of managing risk, including reputational risk. The purpose of this article is to establish the legal relevance of reputational risk for banks, including to specify its place within the risk management system, as well as an attempt to identify particular stages in the process of managing reputational risk. The direct purpose of this article is to verify the following theses: 1) reputational risk is a material risk involved in banking activities and, for the above reason, it should be taken into account in the risk management system so that its management is the bank’s legal obligation; 2) the currently applicable Polish legislative framework offers sufficient solutions with regard to reputational risk. As a result of the analyses carried out, the former thesis has been verified positively and the latter negatively. Considering the normative approach to the discussed problems, primarily, the dogmatic legal method will be used in the article, and the analysis will cover provisions of generally applicable law. The main conclusion from the analysis carried out is that reputational risk management is a legal requirement imposed on a bank that has not been made specific
Mica Regulatory Framework and Cybersecurity: New Horizons of Consumer Protection in Slovakia
Get PDFWith the growing popularity of crypto-assets, the number of cyber threats posing a significant risk to consumers is also increasing. Given this dynamic, it is essential to establish a robust institutional and legal framework to protect them. This article discusses new horizons in consumer protection against cyber attacks in the context of the MiCA (Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation) and its application at the national level. The aim of this article is to identify cyber threats in crypto-asset markets and assess the new legal framework and institutional basis for protection against cyber attacks at the EU and Slovak levels. In examining this issue, we have established the following hypothesis: The new European MiCA regulation, in conjunction with the supervisory activities of the National Bank of Slovakia and other authorities, provides consumer protection against cyber threats in crypto-asset markets. The new legislation contains several measures that have the potential to contribute to consumer protection in crypto-asset markets. However, there are certain shortcomings that should be addressed in the future to improve and strengthen this specific type of protection. The analysis and synthesis methods were primarily used to address this issue, supplemented by historical and comparative methods
Using Pestle Analysis to Forecast the Fiscal Vulnerability of Real Estate Taxation in Crisis Scenarios
Get PDFThe article explores the fiscal consequences of real estate price declines in the context of reduced revenues for national and local budgets. It focuses on the increasing vulnerability of tax systems to external factors that affect both the real estate market and the tax base. The hypothesis assumes that a modified PESTLE model serves as an effective analytical tool for shaping fiscal policy, as it allows forecasting the vulnerability of real estate taxation systems in crises and adapting tax instruments to the dynamics of external shocks. The aim of the research is to identify the causes of declining real estate prices, assess their fiscal impact, and formulate recommendations for strengthening tax policy resilience. The methodology combines a review of real estate taxation mechanisms with an adapted PESTLE analysis and a comparative case study of the US, Spain, China, and Ukraine. The findings confirm the hypothesis: macroeconomic factors, prolonged effects of crisis shocks, and the limited resilience of local budgets are key manifestations of fiscal vulnerability, which can be mitigated through the use of the modified PESTLE model in designing adaptive tax policy. The article offers practical tools such as regular property revaluation, flexible rate regulation, and compensation funds. Its originality lies in the application of a multi-level risk assessment model and the identification of common patterns of fiscal vulnerability during market disruption
Assessment of transport behaviour: the example of residents of the Bydgoszcz region in Poland
Get PDFThe aim of the study is to identify the transport habits of residents living in the chosen area, assess these behaviours, determinants shaping them, their effects and to gauge the scale of transport exclusion. The main objective is to develop a set of recommendations for modelling sustainable transport and mobility planning. Specific objectives include multi-criteria, qualitative and quantitative data analysis, spatial analysis using GIS tools, and the application of the author’s analytical matrix to assess transportation behavior. The research findings provide an insight into the framework for assessing transport behaviour which shows significant dependency on cars and the importance of public transport. It is indicated that accessibility to the public transport affects daily life of the residents. The research procedure and analytical matrix used have theoretical and practical implications for a wide audience. The results indicate which areas of public transport require improvements
Gulf of Mexico or Gulf of America?
Get PDFThe Gulf of Mexico was recognized as the ‘Gulf of America’, via Presidential executive order in the United States, from February 2025. Renaming geographical or geological sites based on political or nationalist decisions risks places academics, editors, and publishers in complex situations where fact at one point in time may be labelled as false facts or misinformation at another point in time. Until 27 August 2025, 22 documents indexed in Scopus and 18 documents indexed in Web of Science had employed ‘Gulf of America’ in the title, abstract or keywords. Editors who allow authors to publish the term ‘Gulf of America’ are called upon to offer guidance. It is also important to publish the sentiment of those authors (from the US, Mexico, or elsewhere) who have employed ‘Gulf of Mexico’ in indexed academic papers from February 2025 onwards, since those papers might be interpreted as carrying – at least from a US perspective – an error of historical fact. To get a more granular appreciation of the extent of academic implications of this politically influenced toponym, the first 150 of 645 Google Scholar results (27 August 2025) were manually assessed. The analysis shows that the adoption of the politically imposed toponym ‘Gulf of America’ is confined almost entirely to U.S.-affiliated authors, while Gulf of Mexico remains the prevailing term internationally
Ukrainian Refugees in Poland – Number and Distribution
Get PDFThis article continues and specifies the research presented in the publication by K. Kopeć (2022). That article presented the course of refugee migration of Ukrainians to Poland in effect of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, from the perspective of several months. This article examines it from the perspective of 2025, i.e., three years since the outbreak of the war. The aim of the article is primarily to present and analyze the number and distribution of Ukrainian citizens who are refugees in Poland. The scale of Ukrainian migration to Poland and, consequently, the changes in the national structure of inhabitants of Poland that have been taking place since the outbreak of the war in Ukraine, are the largest since the end of World War II. This mitigates depopulation processes in Poland but cannot reverse the negative trends in this regard. Peripheral areas, located far from agglomerations, are rarely chosen by refugees as places of residence. Among the migrants, there is an exceptionally large predominance of young and middle-aged women, and a very large proportion of children. A considerable number of refugees require support in childcare, preschool, and school education. Integrating Ukrainians living in Poland into Polish society, especially children and youth, has become a challenge. The Polish state does not want to create a situation in which Ukrainians, especially today’s children and youth, in a few years’ time will live in Poland on the margins of social and economic life due to social, educational, and economic exclusion