University Scientific Journals (Univ. of Gdansk)
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Samoregulacja w uczeniu się. (Nie)możliwa w kulturze współczesnej szkoły na etapie klas początkowych?
Get PDFSelf‑regulatory and metacognitive abilities are recognised as fundamental to an individual’s functioning, and the development of self‑regulation in early childhood is often considered an early determinant of success in later life. Pre‑school and school experiences are causally linked to the emergence of advanced cognitive abilities that underpin the development of self‑regulatory abilities. Despite growing evidence that early childhood is an important period for the development of self‑regulation and that kindergarten and school can be a space for acquiring proficiency in learning and stimulating self‑regulatory and metacognitive strategies, unfortunately, this is often not the case in the implementation of everyday educational practices. The aim of this article is to present the problem of supporting the development of self‑regulatory and metacognitive activities at school. In creating a metaframe of the problem particular attention was paid to the tropes emerging from L.S. Vygotsky’s sociocultural concept. The use of specialised developmental programmes, such as Tools of the Mind (Bodrova, Leong), the Development of Learning Self‑dependence (Zuckerman, Venger), Raven Feuerstein’s programme of instrumental support for self‑control and self‑regulation (Instrumental Enrichment), which focus on building early self‑regulatory skills in children, encourages the creation of conditions and spaces for supporting self‑regulatory activity early in institutional education. The article also discusses an example of an innovative programme implementing the development of self‑regulated learning in a Lithuanian school.Self‑regulatory and metacognitive abilities are recognised as fundamental to an individual’s functioning, and the development of self‑regulation in early childhood is often considered an early determinant of success in later life. Pre‑school and school experiences are causally linked to the emergence of advanced cognitive abilities that underpin the development of self‑regulatory abilities. Despite growing evidence that early childhood is an important period for the development of self‑regulation and that kindergarten and school can be a space for acquiring proficiency in learning and stimulating self‑regulatory and metacognitive strategies, unfortunately, this is often not the case in the implementation of everyday educational practices. The aim of this article is to present the problem of supporting the development of self‑regulatory and metacognitive activities at school. In creating a metaframe of the problem particular attention was paid to the tropes emerging from L.S. Vygotsky’s sociocultural concept. The use of specialised developmental programmes, such as Tools of the Mind (Bodrova, Leong), the Development of Learning Self‑dependence (Zuckerman, Venger), Raven Feuerstein’s programme of instrumental support for self‑control and self‑regulation (Instrumental Enrichment), which focus on building early self‑regulatory skills in children, encourages the creation of conditions and spaces for supporting self‑regulatory activity early in institutional education. The article also discusses an example of an innovative programme implementing the development of self‑regulated learning in a Lithuanian school
Stosunek osób z pokolenia Z do zastosowania rozwiązań z wykorzystaniem sztucznej inteligencji w bankowości mobilnej
Get PDFThe article discusses the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in mobile banking, focusing on Generation Z’s approach to such solutions. The first section presents general issues related to AI, such as deep learning, machine learning, and big data. It also examines the reasons behind the growing popularity of AI and AI-based solutions. The second section explores the concept of mobile banking and its connection to artificial intelligence. This part outlines and describes the most popular AI-powered services, including chatbots, advanced income and expense analysis, personalized financial recommendations, behavioral verification, biometrics, and robo-advisors. The third section presents the findings of an empirical study conducted among Generation Z representatives. Data analysis revealed that although most respondents use AI in mobile banking, their level of trust in these technologies remains moderate. The key reasons for skepticism toward such solutions are also highlighted. The final section summarizes the study’s findings and provides recommendations for increasing AI acceptance among mobile banking users.Artykuł omawia tematykę wykorzystania sztucznej inteligencji (AI) w bankowości mobilnej, koncentrując się na podejściu pokolenia Z do tego typu rozwiązań. W części pierwszej przedstawiono ogólne zagadnienia związane ze sztuczną inteligencją, takie jak deep learning, uczenie maszynowe, czy big data. Omówiono także przyczyny wzrostu popularności AI oraz rozwiązań bazujących na niej. Druga część przedstawia czym jest bankowość mobilna, a także jaki ma ona związek ze sztuczną inteligencją. W tej części zostały wymienione i opisane najpopularniejsze usługi bazujące na AI: chatboty, zaawansowana analiza wpływów i wydatków, spersonalizowane rekomendacje finansowe, weryfikacja behawioralna, biometria oraz robo-doradcy. W części trzeciej zaprezentowano wyniki badania empirycznego przeprowadzonego wśród przedstawicieli pokolenia Z. Analiza danych wykazała, że choć większość respondentów korzysta z AI w bankowości mobilnej, ich poziom zaufania do tych technologii pozostaje umiarkowany. Wskazano także na główne przyczyny sceptycyzmu wobec tego typu rozwiązań. Ostatnia część artykułu podsumowuje uzyskane wyniki oraz przedstawia rekomendacje dotyczące zwiększenia akceptacji AI wśród użytkowników bankowości mobilnej
Perfectionism and objective physical health in older adults: a mediational analysis of psychological distress
Get PDFBackground:Research has suggested that the relationship between perfectionism and perceived health may be mediated by psychological distress. However, there is a lack of studies that demonstrate this relationship in older adults and that also use objective physical health measures (such as physical fitness). This study aimed to investigate whether the associations between perfectionistic dimensions and physical fitness in older adults are mediated by psychological distress.Participants and procedure:Older adults (N = 121; 90 women) were evaluated for perfectionism (perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns), psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress) and physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness, balance, and upper limb strength). The mediation model was run with the PROCESS macro for SPSS.Results:Perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns significantly and positively predicted depression, anxiety, and stress (all p < .050). Anxiety negatively predicted balance, while depression negatively predicted upper limb strength (both p < .050). Mediation analyses indicated that perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns were associated with poorer balance via higher levels of depression. Both dimensions were also associated with less upper limb strength via higher levels of anxiety. No associations were found between perfectionism and cardiorespiratory fitness.Conclusions:These findings support the idea that psychological distress has an important role in the link between perfectionism and physical health in older adults.Background:Research has suggested that the relationship between perfectionism and perceived health may be mediated by psychological distress. However, there is a lack of studies that demonstrate this relationship in older adults and that also use objective physical health measures (such as physical fitness). This study aimed to investigate whether the associations between perfectionistic dimensions and physical fitness in older adults are mediated by psychological distress.Participants and procedure:Older adults (N = 121; 90 women) were evaluated for perfectionism (perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns), psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress) and physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness, balance, and upper limb strength). The mediation model was run with the PROCESS macro for SPSS.Results:Perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns significantly and positively predicted depression, anxiety, and stress (all p < .050). Anxiety negatively predicted balance, while depression negatively predicted upper limb strength (both p < .050). Mediation analyses indicated that perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns were associated with poorer balance via higher levels of depression. Both dimensions were also associated with less upper limb strength via higher levels of anxiety. No associations were found between perfectionism and cardiorespiratory fitness.Conclusions:These findings support the idea that psychological distress has an important role in the link between perfectionism and physical health in older adults
Seasonal exploration of water quality and bioindicators of an agricultural irrigation and drinking water reservoir: Armağan Dam Lake, Kırklareli, Türkiye
Get PDFThis study aims to examine the water quality and dynamics of bioindicators (phytoplankton, zooplankton, and benthic macroinvertebrates) in the Armağan Dam Lake, a major freshwater reservoir that serves the drinking, domestic, irrigation, and industrial water needs of Turkey’s Thrace region. To achieve this, water and sediment samples were collected seasonally from three stations over 1 year. Results show that the water quality generally remains within acceptable limits, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Surface Water Quality Management Regulation (SWQMR) standards for dam water. Regarding irrigation suitability, the sodium absorption rate (SAR) and magnesium rate (MgR) indices indicate that the lake is appropriate for irrigation. However, the Kelly index (KI) values are only marginally suitable, and the %Na Index suggests that it is unsuitable for irrigation. The Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) indicates that the lake is free from heavy metal pollution (maximum of 98.72) and is safe for drinking. Based on the Metal Index (MI), Class II results were observed in autumn, while Class I results appeared in the other seasons. The Shannon– Wiener diversity index displayed low values (maximum H′ = 1.354) for the aquatic groups. Overall, the water quality parameters and biodiversity data suggest that the lake exhibits oligotrophic characteristics.This study aims to examine the water quality and dynamics of bioindicators (phytoplankton, zooplankton, and benthic macroinvertebrates) in the Armağan Dam Lake, a major freshwater reservoir that serves the drinking, domestic, irrigation, and industrial water needs of Turkey’s Thrace region. To achieve this, water and sediment samples were collected seasonally from three stations over 1 year. Results show that the water quality generally remains within acceptable limits, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Surface Water Quality Management Regulation (SWQMR) standards for dam water. Regarding irrigation suitability, the sodium absorption rate (SAR) and magnesium rate (MgR) indices indicate that the lake is appropriate for irrigation. However, the Kelly index (KI) values are only marginally suitable, and the %Na Index suggests that it is unsuitable for irrigation. The Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) indicates that the lake is free from heavy metal pollution (maximum of 98.72) and is safe for drinking. Based on the Metal Index (MI), Class II results were observed in autumn, while Class I results appeared in the other seasons. The Shannon– Wiener diversity index displayed low values (maximum H′ = 1.354) for the aquatic groups. Overall, the water quality parameters and biodiversity data suggest that the lake exhibits oligotrophic characteristics
Digitization as one of the methods of assessing the number and distribution of small water bodies
Get PDFSmall water bodies (ponds) are a widespread component of the landscape; however, their exact number is often estimated by their small size, temporal variability, or being invisible due to dense vegetation cover. Their distribution is typically assessed through the analysis of aerial and satellite imagery. Nevertheless, a more traditional but labor-intensive approach—manual digitization from topographic maps—has been considered highly precise. In an area of 12 400 km2 in northern Poland, nearly 32 000 ponds were digitized, with their occurrence strongly linked to geomorphological units. While they are most abundant in moraine plateaus, ponds are present across all post-glacial landscapes. Additionally, the authors observed that although pond distribution appears largely random, some exhibit distinct spatial patterns, forming linear chains or clustered groups.Small water bodies (ponds) are a widespread component of the landscape; however, their exact number is often estimated by their small size, temporal variability, or being invisible due to dense vegetation cover. Their distribution is typically assessed through the analysis of aerial and satellite imagery. Nevertheless, a more traditional but labor-intensive approach—manual digitization from topographic maps—has been considered highly precise. In an area of 12 400 km2 in northern Poland, nearly 32 000 ponds were digitized, with their occurrence strongly linked to geomorphological units. While they are most abundant in moraine plateaus, ponds are present across all post-glacial landscapes. Additionally, the authors observed that although pond distribution appears largely random, some exhibit distinct spatial patterns, forming linear chains or clustered groups
„Która jesteś jak nad czarnym lasem / blask – pogody słonecznej kościół”. Wizerunek Maryi w "Modlitwie do Bogarodzicy" Krzysztofa Kamila Baczyńskiego
Get PDFZwiązki partnerskie, aborcja i Trybunał Konstytucyjny, czyli o niedawnych rozstrzygnięciach Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka
No full textThis is a presentation of two judgments adopted by the ECtHR in December 2023 in two important cases from Poland. In Przybyszewska and others v. Poland, the ECtHR found Poland in breach of the positive obligations to provide a comprehensive legal regulation on the status of same sex couples. The ECtHR reiterated its well-established jurisprudence in that matter, in particular the Grand Chamber ruling in Fedotova v. Russia (March 2023). Its applicability to Poland was obvious, and the judgment leaves the Polish government with no alternative but to adopt appropriate changes in the legal system. In the M.L. case, the ECtHR found that the refusal of Polish medical authorities to proceed with an abortion request had violated Art. 8 of the European Convention. The ECtHR observed that the pregnancy in question was affected by a grave and incurable deformation of the fetus. The legal ban on such abortions was imposed, in 2020, not by a legislative amendment but by a judgment of the Constitutional Court of Poland. The “legality” of the Polish Court is, however, dubious in the context of the ongoing rule-of-law crisis in Poland. Therefore, the abortion ban was not adopted by a “lawful” body, and – in consequence – the interference with the applicant’s right to private life did not meet the requirement of “legality.” The ECtHR ruling was very important for Poland since it has not only invalidated the Polish ban on the abortion in case of the fetal deformation, but also indicated that most of the – previous and future – rulings of the Polish Court would not be accepted by the ECtHR. However, as concerned the European standards, the ECtHR abstained from any discussion on the substantive law on abortion in cases of the fetal deformation.Przedmiotem opracowania jest omówienie dwóch wyroków ETPCz wydanych w grudniu 2023 r., a dotyczących Polski. W wyroku Przybyszewska i inni przeciwko Polsce Trybunał stwierdził naruszenie art. 8 EKPCz przez brak pełnej regulacji statusu związków jednopłciowych w polskim systemie prawnym. Trybunał nawiązał do ustabilizowanej już linii orzeczniczej (ostatecznie potwierdzonej w wyroku Fedotova przeciwko Rosji z dnia 17 stycznia 2023 r.) ustalającej, że wszystkie państwa należące do systemu Konwencji mają obowiązek wprowadzenia takiej regulacji. Tym samym na polskim ustawodawcy spoczywa obowiązek rychłego dokonania zmian prawnych. W wyroku M.L. przeciwko Polsce Trybunał stwierdził naruszenie art. 8 Konwencji wobec wykluczenia, na podstawie wyroku Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z 2020 r., możliwości przeprowadzenia aborcji w sytuacji ciężkiego i nieodwracalnego uszkodzenia płodu. Trybunał strasburski ograniczył się do analizy polskiego uregulowania. Wskazano, że skoro zakaz aborcji dyktowanej wadami płodu został wprowadzony przez wyrok Trybunału Konstytucyjnego, a Trybunał ten – w obecnym składzie – nie spełnia wymagań organu praworządnego, to zakaz pozbawiony jest należytej podstawy prawnej. Tym samym dalsze stosowanie tego zakazu będzie – w każdym wypadku – stanowiło naruszenie EKPCz. Trybunał strasburski uchylił się natomiast od analizowania materialnej zgodności polskiego prawa aborcyjnego z Konwencją
Prześladowanie z powodu religii a udzielanie ochrony międzynarodowej – konwersja religijna przed TSUE
Get PDFThe article addresses the issue of granting international protection to individuals based on claims regarding violations of their freedom of religion. There are specific aspects of such claims, inter alia, in complex cases of a religious conversion that has occurred after the arrival in a state in which the person concerned is applying for protection. This issue combines such detailed problems as granting protection sur place, the risk of abuse by simulating certain activities, and the issue of verifying the credibility of the applicant. At the same time, however, the approach to this issue reflected in the case law of European courts, i.e. the Court of Justice of the EU and the European Court of Human Rights, highlights certain characteristic processes in the framing of international protection as such and, more broadly, international refugee law. This text addresses this detailed issue in the context of analyzing the current CJEU ruling in the case of Bundesamt für Fremdenwesen und Asyl v. JF of 29 February 2024, which concerned the issue of religious conversion after arrival in an EU Member State.Artykuł podejmuje problematykę udzielania ochrony międzynarodowej jednostkom, które ubiegają się o nią ze względu na naruszenie ich wolności religijnej. Ma ona swoją specyfikę, która przejawia się m.in. w złożonej kwestii dotyczącej konwersji religijnej, która ma miejsce już po przybyciu do państwa, w którym dana osoba wnioskuje o ochronę. Zagadnienie to łączy takie szczegółowe problemy, jak udzielanie ochrony sur place, ryzyko nadużyć przez pozorowanie danych czynności czy weryfikacja wiarygodności wnioskodawcy. Równocześnie jednak podejście do tej problematyki odzwierciedlone w orzecznictwie sądów europejskich, tj. Trybunału Sprawiedliwości UE i Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka, unaocznia pewne charakterystyczne procesy w ujmowaniu ochrony międzynarodowej jako takiej i szerzej międzynarodowego prawa uchodźczego. Niniejszy tekst podejmuje to szczegółowe zagadnienie w kontekście analizy aktualnego orzeczenia TSUE w sprawie Bundesamt für Fremdenwesen und Asyl przeciwko JF z dnia 29 lutego 2024 r., które dotyczyło problematyki konwersji religijnej po przybyciu do państwa członkowskiego UE
Potwierdzenie obowiązku instytucjonalizacji związków osób tej samej płci
Get PDFThis commentary addresses the judgement of the European Court of Human Rights from 12 December 2023 in the case of Przybyszewska and Others v. Poland. The case concerned the lack of any form of legal recognition and protection for same-sex couples in the Republic of Poland. According to the Court, the Poland had not complied with the obligation to create a relevant legal framework that acknowledges the rights of same-sex couples, and, therefore, the case raised an issue under Article 8 of the Convention. The applicants were unable to legally regulate several fundamental aspects of their lives, and this constituted an infringement of their right to the respect for their private and family lives. The judgement is of a groundbreaking nature since the Government of the Republic of Poland has now to create a new relevant legal framework and to ensure the protection of same-sex couples.Niniejsza glosa stanowi omówienie wyroku Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka z dnia 12 grudnia 2023 r. w sprawie Przybyszewska i inni przeciwko Polsce. Sprawa dotyczyła braku jakiejkolwiek formy prawnego uznania i ochrony dostępnej dla par tej samej płci w Polsce. Zdaniem Trybunału Polska nie wywiązała się ze swojego obowiązku zapewnienia skarżącym konkretnych ram prawnych przewidujących uznanie i ochronę ich związków jednopłciowych, naruszając tym samym art. 8 EKPCz. Sytuacja ta spowodowała niezdolność skarżących do uregulowania podstawowych aspektów ich życia i stanowiła naruszenie ich prawa do poszanowania życia prywatnego i rodzinnego. Wyrok ma charakter przełomowy, gdyż Polska będzie musiała stworzyć odpowiednie ramy prawne oraz ochronę dla związków osób tej samej płci