OJS Karolinum (Charles University)
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Reading Activities on Tablets for Improving Fluency and Comprehension in Primary Education
No full textReading literacy is a central focus of primary education and a prerequisite for engagement in the broader educational context. Since modern society is being impacted by technologies, more efficient learning approaches are needed for core skills like reading. While mobile learning is a rapidly growing field in education, the question remains: can it be effectively integrated into classroom settings? The study examines the progress of sixteen first graders over a four-month period using tablets at a bilingual school in the Czech Republic, focusing on the following sections; reading fluency and comprehension. More specifically, design-based research was applied to provide a broader and more complete view of the innovative, pedagogical design within handheld devices and analyze their impact in depth. Results show significant improvements in post-test scores, with students reading faster, making fewer errors, and showing a better understanding of the texts. Furthermore, the use of various gamified applications also increased students’ engagement and enthusiasm for reading. The findings emphasize the value of using mobile learning technologies in reading literacy instruction as a key tool to improve the performance of young readers.Reading literacy is a central focus of primary education and a prerequisite for engagement in the broader educational context. Since modern society is being impacted by technologies, more efficient learning approaches are needed for core skills like reading. While mobile learning is a rapidly growing field in education, the question remains: can it be effectively integrated into classroom settings? The study examines the progress of sixteen first graders over a four-month period using tablets at a bilingual school in the Czech Republic, focusing on the following sections; reading fluency and comprehension. More specifically, design-based research was applied to provide a broader and more complete view of the innovative, pedagogical design within handheld devices and analyze their impact in depth. Results show significant improvements in post-test scores, with students reading faster, making fewer errors, and showing a better understanding of the texts. Furthermore, the use of various gamified applications also increased students’ engagement and enthusiasm for reading. The findings emphasize the value of using mobile learning technologies in reading literacy instruction as a key tool to improve the performance of young readers
Abstinence among adolescents and young adults as a significant factor in the development of health literacy
No full textHealth literacy has been identified as an important health construct with an impact on the health of both individuals and the population. Abstinence is considered a significant preventive factor, and adopting this attitude has an impact on the development of a person\u27s entire personality, especially in terms of strengthening mental health and the aforementioned health literacy. It seems that a certain level of health literacy is necessary to decide to abstain, and conversely, adopting an abstinence attitude is linked to the development of an interest in one\u27s health. However, little attention is paid to the phenomenon of abstinence in the theory and practice of school education. This is reflected in the low number of research surveys and theoretical studies that focus on the abstinence lifestyle (in general). The aim of this text is to define the concept of abstinence in the context of large studies and smaller research projects; to place it in a global and Czech framework; to map its potential as a resilient tool; and to highlight the importance of this issue in the Czech environment using specific stories from pilot research.Health literacy has been identified as an important health construct with an impact on the health of both individuals and the population. Abstinence is considered a significant preventive factor, and adopting this attitude has an impact on the development of a person\u27s entire personality, especially in terms of strengthening mental health and the aforementioned health literacy. It seems that a certain level of health literacy is necessary to decide to abstain, and conversely, adopting an abstinence attitude is linked to the development of an interest in one\u27s health. However, little attention is paid to the phenomenon of abstinence in the theory and practice of school education. This is reflected in the low number of research surveys and theoretical studies that focus on the abstinence lifestyle (in general). The aim of this text is to define the concept of abstinence in the context of large studies and smaller research projects; to place it in a global and Czech framework; to map its potential as a resilient tool; and to highlight the importance of this issue in the Czech environment using specific stories from pilot research
Expensive equipment and autonomour actors. Horses in Czech historical reenactment.
Full text linkČlánek se zabývá rolí koní v českém vojenském reenactmentu. Kombinuje koncepty vícedruhové etnografie a reenactment studies a zaměřuje se na ne-lidské aktéry zapojené do různých úrovní reenactorské praxe i mimo ni. Přítomnost jezdectva v bitevních rekonstrukcích zvyšuje atraktivitu představení pro veřejnost a vytváří autentický historický zážitek pro reenactory. Kavaleristé se v prostředí reenactorů těší exkluzivnímu společenskému postavení, které má však svoji cenu. Vysoké finanční náklady na vlastnictví koní a péče, kterou tato zvířata vyžadují, jsou jen některé z problémů, kterým tito reenactoři čelí. Článek také ukazuje koně jako autonomní účastníky historického reenactmentu. Nasazení ne-lidských živých tvorů s odlišnými těly, ale také záměry, obavami nebo kognitivními funkcemi představuje pro reenactory-kavaleristy další značnou výzvu. Reenactoři používají specifické metody výcviku, aby dosáhli schopnosti koně účastnit se bitevní rekonstrukce a učinili ji autentickou a zároveň bezpečnou. Zaměřením se na ne-lidské děje nabízí článek novou analytickou perspektivu pro nově vznikající obor reenactment studies. V širším rámci argumentuje pro důležitost vědecké pozornosti věnované také ne-lidským a lidským zapletením.The paper examines the role of horses in Czech military historical reenactment. Combining the concepts of multispecies ethnography and reenactment studies, it focuses on non-human actors involved in various levels of reenactment practice and beyond. The presence of cavalry in battle reconstructions adds to the appeal of the show to the public and creates an authentic historical experience for the reenactors. Cavalry riders enjoy an exclusive social status within the reenactor milieu, but this comes at a high price. The high financial cost of horse ownership and the care that these animals require are just a few of the challenges these reenactors face. The paper also shows horses as autonomous participants in the historical reenactment. Employing non-human living creatures with different bodies but also intentions, fears, or cognitive functions presents another considerable challenge for the cavalry reenactors. Reenactors use specific training methods to achieve the ability of a horse to participate in the battle reconstruction, making it authentic and safe at the same time. By focusing on non-human agency, the paper offers a fresh analytical perspective for the emerging field of historical reenactment studies. In a broader framework, it argues for the importance of scholarly attention to non-human and human entanglements as well
On the problem of “I”
Full text linkK problému „Já“. – Příspěvek sleduje koncept jáství s využitím Heideggerovy ontologie a myšlenky ontologické diference. Autorka dospívá k postřehu, že Já není poslední základ člověka, protože se proměnilo na subjekt, a tím se Já i subjekt staly objektem, aniž to bylo zpozorováno.On the problem of “I”. – The paper traces the concept of the self using Heidegger’s ontology and the idea of ontological difference. The author comes to the conclusion that the self is not the ultimate foundation of humanity, because it has been transformed into a subject, and thus both the self and the subject have become objects without anyone noticing
Jitka GELNAROVÁ, Nepoddajné předměty. Ženská hnutí a feministický aktivismus ve sbírkách Národního muzea, Praha 2023, Národní muzeum, 235 s., ISBN 978-80-7036-825-1
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Innovations in Pre-service Teacher Training for Pre-primary Education: Developing Children‘s Thinking
No full textPředkládaný příspěvek se zaměřuje na inovativní přístupy v pregraduální přípravě budoucích učitelů mateřských škol, které reflektují současné požadavky na rozvoj kritického myšlení a komunikačních kompetencí dětí v předškolním vzdělávání. Výzkum se zaměřil natyto klíčové otázky: 1) Jaký dopad má integrovaný mezioborový předmět na rozvoj komunikačních dovedností studentů? 2) Jaké prvky podpory v rámci předmětu nejvíce přispívají k jejich profesnímu růstu? Data byla získána pomocí obsahové analýzy studentských závěrečných prací (N=185) a ze studentských reflektivních zpráv. Byla analyzována pomocí otevřeného a tematického kódování. V rámci inovace byl vytvořen mezioborový předmět, který integroval obsah 6 dílčích předmětů zaměřených na komunikaci, rozvoj jazyka a gramotnost. Kromě podpůrných e-learningových materiálů byla studentům poskytována průběžná zpětná vazba od vyučujících,videozáznamy a konkrétní příklady dobré praxe. Předmět probíhal dva semestry ve spolupráci 3 učitelů různých oborů a navazoval na předmět pedagogické praxe. Výsledky ukázaly, že studenti, kteří absolvovali integrovaný předmět s využitím komplexní podpory, dosáhli ve všech sledovaných kategoriích lepších výsledků než studenti studující podle původního studijního plánu. Toto srovnání podtrhuje význam integrovaného přístupu k přípravě budoucích učitelů, který jim umožňuje získat celistvý pohled na studovanou problematiku, a zároveň ukazuje přínos víceúrovňové podpory.The presented paper focuses on innovative approaches in the undergraduate training of future preschool teachers, reflecting current demands for the development of children‘s critical thinking and communication competencies in early childhood education. The research focuses on two key questions: (1) What impact does an integrated interdisciplinary course have on the development of students‘ communication skills? (2) Which support elements within the course contribute most significantly to their professional growth? Data were collected through content analysis of students‘ final papers (N=185) and reflective reports. The analysis was conducted using open and thematic coding. As part of the innovation, an interdisciplinary course was created, integrating the content of six sub-courses focused on communication, language development, and literacy. In addition to supportive e-learning materials, students received continuous feedback from instructors, video recordings, and concrete examples of best practices. The course spanned two semesters and was conducted collaboratively by three educators from different disciplines, complementing the pedagogical practice course. The results indicate that students who completed the integrated course with comprehensive supportoutperformed those following the original study program across all monitored categories. This comparison underscores the significance of an integrated approach to teacher preparation, enabling students to develop a holistic understanding of the subject matter while demonstrating the benefits of multi-level support
Traumatic Spaces in Tom McCarthy’s Remainder
Full text linkTom McCarthy’s debut novel Remainder (2005) is a unique portrayal of the relationship between space and human beings as the novel portrays an unnamed protagonist/narrator who suffers amnesia as a result of an accident, “something falling from the sky” (McCarthy 5). The exact details of the accident are not known to the narrator. The character is granted eight and a half million pounds to compensate for the damage, and he decides to spend the money to re-enact his remaining memories by reconstructing the spaces in the way he remembers them. The character’s compulsion to repeat leads him to re-create space within space where he can explore and master his trauma. Through re-enacting specific memories, the character also searches for the remains of his identity within those spaces, and these spaces become, in Foucauldian terms, heterotopia of deviation as space is both a means and an end for the narrator. Over time, the re-enacted spaces exceed the simulated sphere and extend into the ‘real’ world, problematising the relationship between the re-enacted space and reality. This paper aims to explore the relationship between the narrator’s traumatic condition within the deviant spaces he recreates after the accident, which illustrates how space is used both as a means in representing his traumatic condition, and as an end that functions to regain his authenticity
Success in solving mathematical word problems in gifted and non-gifted students
No full textJedním z přístupů k odhalování matematického nadání žáků je práce s komplexními slovními úlohami, jejichž řešení může ovlivňovat charakter úloh i rozdílné profily nadání. Studie se zaměřuje na to, jak tyto faktory ovlivňují identifikaci matematicky nadaných žáků 5. ročníku základní školy. Cílem bylo (1) zjistit míru korelace mezi třemi metodami identifikace nadání – hodnocením učitele, výsledky standardizovaného testu a výsledky výzkumného didaktického testu – a (2) identifikovat úlohy, které nejlépe odlišují nadané žáky od ostatních. Výzkumný test obsahoval pět subtestů, čtyři algebraické a jeden kombinatorický, zaměřené na projevy typické pro nadané žáky, jako je flexibilita myšlení, schopnost zobecňování a tvořivost při řešení problémů. Studie klade důraz na analýzu subtestu s úlohami typu „myslím si číslo , které umožňují odhalit skryté projevy nadání a přispět k jeho přesnější diagnostice. Výzkumu se zúčastnilo 45 žáků školy zaměřené na podporu nadaných. Pilotní charakter studie má posloužit jako základ pro tvorbu standardizovaného testu pro žáky 5.–7. ročníku. Výsledky ukazují střední až silnou korelaci mezi použitými metodami, ale i existenci jevů, které mohou vést k přehlédnutí matematicky nadaných žáků.One approach to identifying mathematical talent in students is to work with complex word problems, the solution of which can be influenced by the nature of the problems and different talent profiles. The study focuses on how these factors influence the identification of mathematically gifted students in the 5th grade of primary school. The aim was (1) to determine the degree of correlation between three methods of identifying talent–teacher assessment, standardized test results and research didactic test results – and (2) to identify tasks that best distinguish gifted students from others. The research test included five subtests, four algebraic and one combinatorial, focused on manifestations typical of gifted students, such as flexibility of thinking, ability to generalize and creativity in problem solving. The study emphasizes the analysis of the subtest with tasks of the “I think of a number” type, which allow to reveal hidden manifestations of talent and contribute to its more accurate diagnosis. The research involved 45 students from a school focused on supporting the gifted. The pilot nature of the study is intended to serve as a basis for the creation of a standardized test for students in grades 5–7. The results show a moderate to strong correlation between the methods used, but also the existence of phenomena that may lead to the overlooking of mathematically gifted students
Characteristics of the Fourth Wave of Russian-Speaking Migration to the Czech Republic: Transnational Approaches, Belonging, and Identity Strategies
Full text linkThis study focuses on the internal transformations of identity and belonging within the Russian-speaking migrant community in the Czech Republic, with particular emphasis on the case of the vocal ensemble “Russian Soul.” Drawing on theoretical frameworks of transnationalism (Basch, Glick Schiller, Blanc 1994), mobile identity (Vertovec 2009), translocational positionality (Anthias 2006), and hybrid subjectivity (Hall 1995), the author explores how everyday cultural practices, internal competition, and external political conditions shape identity strategies in a migration context. Methodologically, the article adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining analysis of online communication, a questionnaire survey with 61 respondents, and autoethnographic observation within a cultural collective founded by the researcher herself. This design allows for the identification of subtle shifts in systems of loyalty, symbolic boundaries, and mechanisms of cultural capitalisation that often remain overlooked. Special attention is given to the fragmentation of the ensemble as a symptom of broader diasporic dynamics – where collective belonging gives way to individual positioning strategies. The case illustrates how culture can shift from a vehicle of solidarity to a space of negotiation, and how identity becomes a flexible resource under conditions of institutional uncertainty. This article contributes to the study of Russian-speaking migration in Central Europe by offering empirical insight into the everyday identity dynamics of small cultural initiatives.This study focuses on the internal transformations of identity andbelonging within the Russian-speaking migrant community in the CzechRepublic, with particular emphasis on the case of the vocal ensemble “RussianSoul.” Drawing on theoretical frameworks of transnationalism (Basch,Glick Schiller, Blanc 1994), mobile identity (Vertovec 2009), translocationalpositionality (Anthias 2006), and hybrid subjectivity (Hall 1995), the authorexplores how everyday cultural practices, internal competition, and externalpolitical conditions shape identity strategies in a migration context.Methodologically, the article adopts a mixed-methods approach, combininganalysis of online communication, a questionnaire survey with 61 respondents,and autoethnographic observation within a cultural collective founded by theresearcher herself. This design allows for the identification of subtle shifts insystems of loyalty, symbolic boundaries, and mechanisms of cultural capitalisationthat often remain overlooked.Special attention is given to the fragmentation of the ensemble as a symptomof broader diasporic dynamics – where collective belonging gives way toindividual positioning strategies. The case illustrates how culture can shiftfrom a vehicle of solidarity to a space of negotiation, and how identity becomesa flexible resource under conditions of institutional uncertainty. This articlecontributes to the study of Russian-speaking migration in Central Europe byoffering empirical insight into the everyday identity dynamics of small culturalinitiatives
