OJS Karolinum (Charles University)
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Cultural Trauma and Religio-Cultural Identification in James H. Cone’s The Cross and the Lynching Tree
No full textWhile James H. Cone gives a vivid account of how the African American community is haunted by lynching in his The Cross and the Lynching Tree, he also offers an interpretation of the lynching tree as the crucifix, recycling the lynching tree as a multifaceted symbol of suffering, liberation, and reconciliation. The intersecting interpretations of the lynching tree explode in images that, in Cone’s reasoning, connect to the crucifixion – a move to reiterate themes of his black liberation theology while condemning American racism. Considering Cone’s text as a cultural text, not a theological one, I intend to examine how the lynching tree is turned into an authenticating symbol in African American memory, which represents trauma work on a cultural level. From this perspective, the tree proves a central symbol in his memory work, connecting multiple discourses (cultural, religious [Christian and non-Christian] memory, etc.) to establish religio-cultural continuity for the contemporary African American community
Pedagogical-didactic competences of the teacher
No full textThis study presents a general overview of pedagogical and didactic competences as subprofessional competences of teachers. Although pedagogical and didactic competences are discussed separately in the literature, their interpretation sometimes overlaps in content. This study maps the general knowledge about these selected sub-competences and, based on theoretical findings, specifies them in the context of the professional competences of music teachers.This study presents a general overview of pedagogical and didactic competences as subprofessional competences of teachers. Although pedagogical and didactic competences are discussed separately in the literature, their interpretation sometimes overlaps in content. This study maps the general knowledge about these selected sub-competences and, based on theoretical findings, specifies them in the context of the professional competences of music teachers
Exploring the Shifting Motivations for Counter-Urbanization Moves: A Comparative Analysis
Get PDFBuilding upon Peter Rossi’s foundational research on migration motivations in the 1950s, this study examines the main reasons for counterurbanization moves. Rossi, employing the reason analysis methodology pioneered by Paul Felix Lazarsfeld, identified core factors influencing relocation decisions. We utilize a similar approach, adapted to the contemporary context, to explore the composition of motives for counterurbanization movements and compare Rossi’s findings with data collected in recent years. This comparative analysis sheds light on how the main motives for relocation have changed over time. The research explores the factors driving individuals to pursue lifestyle changes through migration, analysing the relative importance of various motivations in the current landscape. While our findings suggest that core factors like physical space (size) and home ownership remain relevant, the social environment holds a different significance today. Unlike the past focus on the social status of neighbours, contemporary lifestyle migrants prioritize how a location aligns with their occupational and leisure pursuits. Hobbies, which often contribute to household income, now factor into the social environment equation, shaping the desired community characteristics. By examining historical and contemporary trends, this study reveals the evolving nature of human mobility and the factors shaping people’s decisions to relocate for improved quality of life.Building upon Peter Rossi’s foundational research on migrationmotivations in the 1950s, this study examines the main reasons for counterurbanizationmoves. Rossi, employing the reason analysis methodology pioneeredby Paul Felix Lazarsfeld, identified core factors influencing relocation decisions.We utilize a similar approach, adapted to the contemporary context, toexplore the composition of motives for counterurbanization movements andcompare Rossi’s findings with data collected in recent years. This comparativeanalysis sheds light on how the main motives for relocation have changedover time.The research explores the factors driving individuals to pursue lifestylechanges through migration, analysing the relative importance of variousmotivations in the current landscape. While our findings suggest that core factorslike physical space (size) and home ownership remain relevant, the socialenvironment holds a different significance today. Unlike the past focus on thesocial status of neighbours, contemporary lifestyle migrants prioritize howa location aligns with their occupational and leisure pursuits. Hobbies, whichoften contribute to household income, now factor into the social environmentequation, shaping the desired community characteristics. By examininghistorical and contemporary trends, this study reveals the evolving natureof human mobility and the factors shaping people’s decisions to relocate forimproved quality of life
Czech Compatriots in Ruse (Rustchuk), Bulgaria in the First Decades of the 20th Century and their “Havlíček” Association
Get PDFThis text deals with the issue of Czech compatriots in Ruse (Rustchuk) in Bulgaria, and the local compatriots’ association Havlíček. The first part of the article is devoted to the recapitulation of domestic academic interest in Czech and Slovak compatriots in Bulgaria, focusing on the central compatriot organization in the country – the Czechoslovak National House of T. G. Masaryk in Sofia. The second part of the article presents the annotated archival document Colonization and Association Report, written by representatives of the Havlíček Association in 1929 for an exhibition of compatriot associations organized that year in Prague. The document describes the history of the Czech minority in Ruse with special attention placed on the Havlíček Association. As such, it represents a fundamental source for the study of this hitherto rather neglected and lesser known compatriot minority in Bulgaria.This text deals with the issue of Czech compatriots in Ruse (Rustchuk) in Bulgaria, and the local compatriots’ association Havlíček. The first part of the article is devoted to the recapitulation of domestic academic interest in Czech and Slovak compatriots in Bulgaria, focusing on the central compatriot organization in the country – the Czechoslovak National House of T. G. Masaryk in Sofia. The second part of the article presents the annotated archival document Colonization and Association Report, written by representatives of the Havlíček Association in 1929 for an exhibition of compatriot associations organized that year in Prague. The document describes the history of the Czech minority in Ruse with special attention placed on the Havlíček Association. As such, it represents a fundamental source for the study of this hitherto rather neglected and lesser known compatriot minority in Bulgaria
Využití tabulkového kalkulátoru pro řešení soutěžních úloh matematické olympiády
No full textPrvní část článku se zabývá novou klíčovou kompetencí v etapě základního vzdělávání. Jsou zde uvedeny podmínky konkrétní školy pro naplňování digitálních kompetencí ve vzdělávací oblasti Matematika a její aplikace. Praktická část se zabývá řešením úloh matematické olympiády kategorie Z5. Zahrnuje řešení žáků, jejich aktivity a postupy
Baťova prvočísla
No full textČlánek popisuje novou třídu prvočísel, tzv. Baťova provočísla. Kladné celé číslo se nazývá Baťovo prvočíslo třídy k, pokud jeho dekadický zápis končí nejméně k devítkami. Je dokázáno, že pro libovolné přirozené číslo k je Baťových prvočísel k-té třídy nekonečně mnoho. Článek přináší i některá zobecnění
Jak Frank Wilcoxon pomohl statistikům objevit neparametrické testy
No full textMezi často používané neparametrické testy statistické významnosti patří Wicoxonovy testy. Autorem matematického modelu, na kterém jsou tyto testy založeny, je americký statistik Frank Wilcoxon (1892 – 1965). Článek popisuje podstatu a vznik těchto testů, zejména Wilcoxonova párového testu, v matematickém a historickém kontextu
Beneath the Surface of Academic Redshirting
No full textCíle: Česká republika patří k zemím s nejvyšší mírou odkladů školní docházky (OŠD), přesto zde najdeme jenom několik studií, které se danou problematikou zabývají. Předkládaná studie řeší OŠD ve vztahu ke školní (ne)úspěšnosti v průběhu 2. a 3. ročníku ZŠ. Naším cílem bylo zjistit, jak si vedou žáci s OŠD ve srovnání se svými spolužáky v oblasti kognitivních a didaktických výkonů a jak se jejich výkony dále vyvíjejí.
Metody: Výzkumný soubor tvořilo 656 dětí, přičemž 137 z nich mělo OŠD. Všechny děti byly opakovaně ve 2. a 3. ročníku podrobeny kognitivním a didaktickým testům. Pro statistické srovnání výsledků byla využita analýza rozptylu pro opakovaná měření.
Výsledky: Ukázalo se, že mezi žáky s OŠD existuje ve výkonech výrazná variabilita a nelze je považovat za homogenní skupinu. Zatímco nejmladší žáci s OŠD (narozeni v letních měsících) podávají výkony srovnatelné s žáky bez OŠD, nejstarší žáci s OŠD jsou obecně nejslabší skupinou. Z hlediska vývoje se pak zdá, že deficity zachycené ve 2. ročníku mají nejčastěji tendenci přetrvávat.Aims: The Czech Republic belongs to the countries with the highest rate of academic redshirting. However, we can find only a few studies that deal with this problematic. The presented study deals with redshirting in relation to school failure at the beginning of schooling (2nd and 3rd grade). Our goal was to find out how pupils who started their schooling a year late (redshirted children – RCH) perform compared to their peers in terms of cognitive and didactic performance and how their performance continues to develop.
Methods: The research group consisted of 656 children, whereas 137 were RCH. All children were repeatedly tested using cognitive and didactic tests in the 2nd and 3rd grades. Analysis of variance for repeated measurements was used for statistical comparison of results.
Results: It was shown that there is significant variability in performances among RCH and they cannot be considered a homogeneous group. While the youngest RCH (born in the summer months) perform comparable to pupils with their peers, the oldest RCH are generally the weakest group. In terms of development, it seems that the deficits found in the 2nd grade most often tend to persist
Future historians, teachers, businessmen, journalists: For whom should university teaching of history be
No full textDiskuse a rozepřeDiscussions and Debate