Jimma University Open access Institutional Repository
Not a member yet
9497 research outputs found
Sort by
Assessment of Inventory Management Performance of Anticancer Medicines and Associated Challenges in Selected Cancer Treatment Centers in Ethiopia: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
No full textBackground: Cancer is a concern worldwide and next to cardiovascular diseases, is the second
largest cause of death worldwide. A cancer drug is a pivotal part of cancer treatment and
influences the survival rate of cancer patients worldwide. Appropriate management of anticancer
medicines at different stages of supply chain is important. Inventory management is a core part
of supply chain management that helps to maintain a steady supply of patients.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the inventory management performance of anticancer
medicines and associated challenges in cancer treatment centers in Ethiopia, 2025.
Method: A mixed method study was conducted from March 1- 30, 2025. The quantitative data
were collected using self-administered questionnaires and observational checklists. The
qualitative data were gathered through in-depth interviews with key informants. For data entry
Epi-data version 4.5 used whereas SPSS version 26 for analysis. The fisher‟s exact test was used
to identify predictors of the dependent variable. Statistical significance was determined at p <
0.05. Qualitative data were analyzed manually using the thematic content analysis technique.
Result: The average availability of anticancer medicines was 46.9%. The mean duration of
day‟s sock out was 82 days. Of the assessed total bin cards 110 (84.6%) were updated. Whereas,
122 (93.8%) of bin cards were accurately filled. Over the past year, 20.6% (3,574,505.97 ETB)
(27,208.7912 US $) of anticancer medicines were wasted due to damage and expiration. The
cancer treatment centers met 77.9 % of criteria for good storage practice. Inventory management
performance had statistically significant association with the factors such as IPLS training,
supportive supervision, and the facility stock tacking practices at p < 0.05 shown by fisher‟s
exact test.
Stock out of anticancer medicines, budget constraints, lack of capacity building training, lack of
standard separate storage area for anticancer medicines were the major challenges identified.
Conclusion: The inventory management performance of anticancer medicines was poor,
resulting in stock out with long duration, high wastage rate, and poor storage condition.
Problems related to availability of products, capacity building training, and storage conditions
were identified. Therefore, Ministry of Health, assessed health facilities, and Ethiopian
pharmaceuticals Supply Services should take measures to improve them
Determinants Of Anemia Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care At Public Health Facilities In Gambella Town, Gambella, Southwest Ethiopia, 2025.
No full textBackground: Anemia during pregnancy is a major public health problem with serious
consequences for both mothers and their newborns. Despite the availability of antenatal care
(ANC) services in Ethiopia, the burden of anemia remains high, and its determinants vary
across settings. However, evidence on factors contributing to anemia among pregnant women
in Gambella town is limited.
Objective: To identify the determinants of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal
care at public health facilities in Gambella Town, 2025.
Methods: An institution-based unmatched case–control study was conducted from May to July
2025 among 250 pregnant women (125 cases and 125 controls) attending ANC at public health
facilities of Gambella Town. The cases were pregnant women with hemoglobin concentration
<11 g/dl, and controls were those with hemoglobin ≥11 g/dl. Data were collected using
interviewer-administered questionnaires and laboratory measurements. Data were entered
into Epi Info 7.2.2.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 27. Bivariate and multivariable logistic
regression analyses were performed, and Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) with 95% Confidence
Intervals (CI) were used to identify determinants of anemia. Statistical significance was
declared at p < 0.05.
Results: A total of 250 pregnant women participated with a 100% response rate. Key factors
associated with anemia among pregnant women included rural residence (AOR = 3.65, 3.65,
95% CI: 1.03–12.9), no formal education (AOR = AOR = 3.78 95% CI: (1.72,8.33), history of
blood loss during pregnancy (AOR =4.6 95% CI: 1.16,18.04), history of malaria (AOR =
4.0495% CI: 1.66–9.87), chronic disease (AOR = 5.82 95% CI: 1.81,18.74), and low (AOR =
7.10, 95% CI: 1.31–38.6) or medium (AOR = 2.52,95% CI: 1.17–5.41) dietary diversity.
Conclusion and recommendation: Anemia among pregnant women in Gambella town was
significantly associated with rural residence, illiteracy, history of blood loss, malaria infection,
chronic diseases, and poor dietary diversity. Strengthening health education, improving dietary
practices, preventing and treating malaria and chronic illnesses, and promoting maternal
education should be prioritized to reduce the burden of anemia in this population
Under nutrition and Associated Factors among Adolescent Pregnant Women in Gomma District, Jimma Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia
No full textBackground; Addressing undernutrition in adolescent pregnant women can help break the
intergenerational cycle of malnutrition where malnourished mothers give birth to malnourished
children, perpetuating a cycle of poor health outcomes. In Ethiopia; adolescent pregnancy is
common in rural areas of the country due to mainly cultural practices of early marriage and
other socio-economic related factor. However, there is a limited research in the study setting
concerning the level of undernutrition and associated factors among adolescent pregnant
women.
Objective; This study aims to assess the prevalence of undernutrition and associated factors
among pregnant adolescent women in Gomma district, Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, 2024
Methods; a community based cross sectional study was conducted on 600 adolescent pregnant
women from ten randomly selected rural and two urban kebeles of Gomma district from
September to October -1/2024. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 3.1 and exported to
SPSS version 26 for further analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis method was used to
show an association between dependent variable and predictor variables. Multivariable binary
logistic regression was done to identify factors independently associated with undernutrition
among adolescent pregnant women in Gomma district, Jimma Zone. The level of statistical
significance will be declared at P < 0.05 with 95%CI and AOR.
Results; A total of 588 pregnant adolescent were included in this study with the response rate of
98.0%. This study revealed that the mean and standard deviation age of the study participants
were 17.76±1.23 with minimum and maximum age of 15 and 19 respectively. This study revealed
that the prevalence of under nutrition among adolescent pregnant women was 206 35.0% (95%
CI 31.5-39.3%). In multivariate logistic regression model, intention of pregnancy (AOR=2.03,
95 % CI; 1.31-3.14, p=0.002, frequency of eating meal per-day (AOR=4.59, 95% CI 1.26-16.68,
P=0.020), experienced eating problem because of pregnancy (AOR=, 95% CI 1.07-2.51,
P=0.005), gestational age, wealth status (AOR=2.90 (1.47-5.73, p=0.002) and dietary diversity
score (AOR=2.80, 95% CI; 1.66-4.73, p<0.001) were found to have significant association
variables with the occurrence of undernutrition among adolescent pregnant women in Gomma
District, Jimma Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Conclusion and recommendations; This study revealed that every one out of three adolescent
pregnant women was having undernutrition in the study setting. Factors affecting the occurrence
of undernutrition were intention of pregnancy, frequency of eating meal per-day, experienced
eating problem because of pregnancy, wealth status, gestational age and dietary diversity score.
Programs should focus on improving dietary diversity, meal frequency, and early antenatal care
while addressing unintended pregnancies, eating problems, and poverty to reduce undernutrition
among adolescent pregnant women
Supply Chain Agility and Associated Factors among Pharmaceutical Suppliers in Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia
No full textBackground: Supply Chain Agility allows pharmaceutical suppliers to operate effectively in a
fast-changing environment by enabling quick and flexible responses. This study aims to assess the
supply chain agility practices, identify factors influencing agility, and explore challenges in
implementing these practices in both the public and private sectors of pharmaceutical suppliers in
the Sidama region of Ethiopia.
Methods: From June 2024 to July 2024, a mixed method study design was concurrently
implemented among pharmaceutical suppliers in the Sidama region, Ethiopia.
Quantitative data were collected through questionnaires using a five-point Likert scale. A stratified
random sampling method was used to include a total of 327 participants, consisting of 126 from
customers of the Ethiopian Pharmaceutical Supply Service (EPSS) and 201 from customers of
private suppliers. The quantitative data were entered in Epidata V 4.6, and analyzed using SPSS
version 25.0, where both descriptive and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted.
For the qualitative component, a purposive sampling technique was employed to conduct
interviews with 12 key informants. The resulting data were then analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results: A total of 313 completed responses were obtained, resulting in a response rate of 95.7%.
141 (45%) expressed disagreement with the variety of products offered by suppliers. The majority,
173 (55.3%), reported experiencing delays in receiving their products. 92 (29.4%) agreed that
suppliers frequently experience stock outs.
The adjusted R-squared value of 0.339 indicates that 33.9% of the variance in supply chain agility
is explained by the independent variables in the model. The study found that ICT (β=0.434,
p<0.001), collaboration (β=0.101, p=0.044), innovations, budget, and data quality significantly
affect supply chain agility. A one-unit increase in ICT adoption is associated with a 0.434-unit
increase in supply chain agility. The p-values (<0.001) indicate a statistically significant
association between ICT and supply chain agility.
Major challenges identified in supply chain agility implementation included supply shortages,
inadequate technologies, poor data quality, foreign currency fluctuations, import restrictions, and
high tariffs on imported products.
iii
Conclusion: Supply chain agility is poorly practiced regarding order fill rate, flexibility, product
variety, and lead time, though pharmaceutical suppliers demonstrate strong practice regarding
competency. Major challenges to implementing supply chain agility include supply shortages,
technological limitations, inadequate human resources, poor data quality, financial constraints, and
reliance on foreign companies due to low local production rates. The study identified statistically
significant associations between ICT, collaboration, innovation, budget, and data quality.
Recommendation: The researcher recommends that pharmaceutical suppliers to enhance their use
of information communication technology (ICT). It is also recommends that pharmaceutical
suppliers to collaborate with customers to share knowledge and best practices, as well as work
with other partners in the supply chain.
Further recommends the Regional Health Bureau, Zonal Health Office, Woreda Health Office, and
health facilities to work on providing adequate training and ongoing supervision to address and
improve challenges related to supply chain agility
Investigating Gender difference in Reading Habit and Reading Strategy Use: The case of Grade 11 Students at Adu sigmo Higher Secondary School.
No full textThe main purpose of the study was to assess gender difference in reading habit and reading strategy
use: the case of grade eleven students at Adu Sigmo Higher Secondary School.
To conduct the study, descriptive design with a mixed research method was used. Questionnaire and
interview for both male and female students were the instruments used to collect data for the study.
The sample of the study consisted of two classrooms, which contains102 students among these sixty
two male and forty female students were selected randomly for the study using simple random sampling
technique. Data were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis.
The closed-ended data were analyzed by frequency counting and percentage quantitatively, whereas,
qualitative data analysis was used to analyze structured interview in words. At the end, both data forms
were organized and presented thematically.The findings of the study revealed that there was no
adequate practice of reading habit and reading strategy use especially female students in EFL classes
to develop their reading habit in Adu Sigmo Higher Secondary School. The finding of the study
suggested that male students practiced reading habit in integrating reading strategy use in Adu Sigmo
Higher secondary School. The findings of the study also showed that female students did not have good
reading habit and different strategies use to improve their reading problems in relation to participating
reading task as the content of the reading activities are assimilated in the reading text to develop their
reading habit in EFL classes. Therefore, it was recommended that both male and female students
should have good reading habit in integrating reading strategy use in all aspect
Time to Recovery and Its Predictors among Under-Five Children with Severe Pneumonia at Jimma Town Public Hospitals: A Retrospective Follow-Up Study
No full textBackground: Severe pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in under-five
children, accounting for 14% of global under-five deaths in 2019. In Ethiopia, it is a priority
disease under routine surveillance. While recovery times have been studied in various
regions, most studies were limited to specific settings. Evidence on recovery patterns and
predictors in Jimma, where severe pneumonia remains highly prevalent, is scarce.
Objective: To assess the time to recovery from severe pneumonia and its predictors among
under-five children admitted to Jimma University Medical Center and Shenen Gibe General
Hospital.
Methods: A facility-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 272 under
five children admitted with severe pneumonia between July 1, 2021, and July 30, 2024 at
public hospitals in Jimma town. A simple random sampling technique was used to select
eligible medical records. A structured tool was used to extract data from medical records.
Data were double-entered in EpiData 3.1 and exported to Stata 15 for analysis. The Kaplan
Meier was used to estimate the survival function, and group differences were assessed using
the log-rank test. Variables with P < 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were entered into the
multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression to identify independent predictors of
recovery time, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Results: A total of 272 medical records reviewed and were retained for analysis. The median
age was 10 months and 152 (55.9%) resided in rural areas. Of the total, 219 (80.5%) achieved
clinical recovery and the total accumulated person-days at risk was 1,913 days. The overall
median recovery time from severe pneumonia was 5 days (IQR: 3–9). Children who were
malnourished (AHR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.39–0.84), not exclusively breastfed (AHR = 0.49,
95% CI: 0.31–0.80), or not fully vaccinated (AHR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.53–0.98) had a lower
hazard of recovery compared to children with no malnutrition, exclusively breastfed and fully
vaccinated respectively.
Conclusion: The overall median recovery time was 5 days. Recovery from severe pneumonia
was delayed among under-five children who were malnourished, not exclusively breastfed or
not fully vaccinated at admission. Strengthening child nutrition, promoting exclusive
breastfeeding, and ensuring full vaccination coverage are essential to improve recovery time
in under-five children with severe pneumonia
Echocardiography and Electrocardiographic Findings among Hypertensive Patients at the Follow-Up Clinic of Jimma Medical Center: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textHypertension is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases worldwide and a major
contributor to structural and functional heart abnormalities. Early detection of cardiac
involvement in hypertensive patients is crucial to prevent complications. Echocardiography and
Electrocardiography are valuable tools for evaluating cardiac changes associated with
hypertension.
Objective: This study aimed to assess Echocardiography and Electrocardiographic findings
among hypertensive patients visiting chronic follow up at Jimma Medical Center, Jimma,
Ethiopia
Methodology:
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Jimma Medical Center from
February10-March 20, 2025. The study was focused on hypertensive patients undergoing chronic
follow-up during the specified period. The inclusion of participants was determined through a
systematic random sampling technique.
Data Collection and Analysis:
Data collected by kobo toolbox was exported to excel and then, to IBM SPSS version 26
software package for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models was
employed. In the bivariate analysis, variables with a P-value less than 0.25 were considered
candidates for inclusion in the multivariable analysis. In the multivariable logistic regression
model, variables with a P-value less than 0.05 were taken as statistically significant.
Results:
All the 268 study participants had Electrocardiography (ECG) and Transthoracic
echocardiography. ECG evaluation showed high rates of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, 35.4%
by Sokolow-Lyon criteria and 28.4% by Cornell voltage criteria. Left anterior fascicular block
was found in 23.5% of participants, and QTc is prolonged in 7.1% of hypertensive individuals.
TTE evaluation showed high rates of concentric LVH 39.2% and left ventricular internal
v
diastolic diameter(LVIDd) is enlarged in 11.2% participants. In multivariable logistic regression,
Age ≥50Yr ( AOR, 4 [95% CI, 1.76-9.05], P=0.001), DBP≥90mmHg( AOR, 4.3[95% CI, 2.0
9.1], P<0.001), duration of hypertension≥10yrs( AOR, 2.42 [95% CI, 1.17-5.02], P=0.017), total
cholesterol≥240mg/dl( AOR, 7.2[95% CI, 1.5-36], P=0.01), and BMI 25-29Kg/m2( AOR, 4
[95% CI, 1.7-8.7], P=0.001), were significantly associated with LVH on ECG and on TTE LVH
has significant association with Age ≥50yrs( AOR, 3.6[95% CI, 1.8-7.2], P<0.001),
DBP≥90mmHg( AOR, 2.02 [95% CI, 1.1-3.97], P=0.023), and BMI 25-29 Kg/m2( AOR, 3.43
[95% CI, 1.6-7.2], P=0.001), and obesity( AOR, 9.4 [95% CI, 1.9-46.8], P=0.006)
Impact of land use land cover change onwoody species Diversity in gechi district of buno bedele zone, Southwest ethiopia
Full text linkGlobally, the alarming rate of deforestation and land use land cover changes are among the
most significant drivers of environmental degradation and biodiversity loss. The study area has
been influenced by rapid population growth, agricultural land expansion, deforestation, and
poor management practices. This research aimed to assess the impact of land use and land cover
changes on woody species diversity within the area. The study utilizing the cross-sectional
research design. The study corporate both primary and secondary data including satellite
imagery from 1983,1993,2003,2013 and 2023 sourced from USGS.A multi stage random
sampling techniques was employed. The accuracy of LULC maps demonstrated a categorization
accuracy between 85% and 93% with kappa coefficient exceeding 0.8, indicating strong
agreement with the ground truth data
የማንበብ ብሌሃትን በግሌጽ ማስተማር አንብቦ የመረዲት ችልታንና የማንበብ ተነሳሽነትን ሇማጎሌበት ያሇው ሚና (በኢታንግ 2ኛ ዯረጃ ትምህርት ቤት በ10ኛ ክፌሌ የአማርኛ ቋንቋ ኢ-አፇፇት ተማሪዎች ተተኳሪነት)
No full textየዙህ ጥናት ዋና ዓሊማ የማንበብ ብሌሀቶችን በግሌጽ ማስተማር የተማሪዎችን አንብቦ
የመረዲት ችልታና የማንበብ ተነሳሽነት ሇማሳዯግ ያሇውን አስተዋጽዖ መመርመር ነው፡፡
ይህንን ዓሊማ ሇማሳካት ሁሇት የ10ኛ ክፌሌ ምዴቦች ተመርጠው ከፉሌ ሙከራዊ ጥናት
ተከናውኗሌ፡፡ ሇጥናቱ የተመረጡት የሁሇቱ ምዴብ ተማሪዎች ቅዴመ ትምህርት ፇተና
እንዱፇተኑና የጽሐፌ መጠይቅ እንዱሞለ ከተዯረጉ በኋሊ የተገኙት መረጃዎች በገሊጭ
ስታቲስቲክስና በባዕዴ የናሙናዎች ቲ-ቴስት ተተንትነዋሌ፡፡ የትንተናው ውጤት
እንዲመሇከተው በሁሇቱ ቡዴን ተማሪዎች መካከሌ ጉሌህ የአንብቦ መረዲት ችልታና የማንበብ
ተነሳሽነት ሌዩነት የሇም (P>0.05)፡፡ በመቀጠሌም የሙከራ ቡዴን ተማሪዎችን የማንበብ
ብሌሀቶችን በግሌጽ በማስተማር፣ የቁጥጥር ቡዴን ተማሪዎችን ዯግሞ በሌማዲዊው የትምህርት
አቀራረብ ሇ5 ሳምንታት (ሇ10 ክፌሇ ጊዛዎች) ተምረዋሌ፡፡ ትምህርቱ ሲጠናቀቅም ዴህረ
ትምህርት ፇተናንና የጽሐፌ መጠይቅን በመጠቀም መረጃዎች ተሰብስበው በገሊጭ
ስታቲስቲክስና በባዕዴ የናሙናዎች ቲ-ቴስት ተተንትነዋሌ፡፡ የትንተናው ውጤት
እንዲመሇከተው የሙከራ ቡዴን ተማሪዎች ከቁጥጥር ቡዴን ተማሪዎች በጉሌህ የሚበሌጥ
አንብቦ የመረዲት ችልታና የማንበብ ተነሳሽነት አሊቸው (P<0.05)፡፡ ይህም የሚያመሇክተው
የሙከራ ቡዴን ተማሪዎች አንብቦ የመረዲት ችልታና የማንበብ ተነሳሽነት ከትምህርቱ በፉት
ከነበረው በጉሌህ መሻሻለን ነው፡፡ ከዙህም በመነሳት የማንበብ ብሌሀቶችን በግሌጽ ማስተማር
የተማሪዎችን አንብቦ የመረዲት ችልታና የማንበብ ተነሳሽነት ሇማሳዯግ ጉሌህ አስተዋጽዖ
አሇው የሚሌ መዯምዯሚያ ሊይ ተዯርሷሌ፡፡ በዙህም መሰረት የአማርኛ ቋንቋ መምህራን
የማንበብ ክሑሌን ሲያስተምሩ የማንበብ ብሌሀቶችን በግሌጽ እንዱያስተምሩ፤ የመጻሕፌት
አጋጆች የተሇያዩ የማንበብ ብሌሀቶችንና አተገባበራቸውን የተመሇከቱ ማብራሪያዎች
በመጻሕፌቱ ውስጥ እንዱያካትቱ፣ እንዱሁም ላልች አጥኚዎች ተዯጋጋሚ ጥናቶችን
እንዱያዯርጉ አስተያየት ተሰጥቷሌ፡
The impact of enset production on smallholder farmer’s Income on masha district, sheka zone, south west ethiopia
No full textAgriculture is a crucial driver of long-term growth and economic development,
significantly contributing to GDP globally and in Africa, particularly in Ethiopia. Root
and tuber crops, such as enset, sweet potato, potato, cassava, and yams, play a key role in
ensuring food security and income. However, enset farming faces challenges including
inefficient traditional methods, insufficient extension activities, market imperfections, and
limited research, which hinder its full potential. This study examines the impact of enset
(Ensete ventricosum) production on smallholder farmers' income in the Masha district,
Sheka Zone. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, data was collected from 270
households, supplemented by key informant interviews and focus group discussions, to
provide comprehensive insights into enset production's efficiency and benefits. The study
utilized descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression, and propensity score matching
models to assess enset crop production determinants and its impact on smallholder
farmers' income. Significant associations were found between enset farming participation
and demographic, socioeconomic, and institutional variables