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Evaluation of Oats (Avena sativa) Varieties for Agronomic Performance, Nutritional Quality and Dry Matter Yield in Essera Woreda, Dawro Zone, South West Ethiopia
No full textThe study was conducted with the objectives to evaluate agronomic performance, nutritional quality
and dry matter yield of five oats (Avena sativa) varieties at two locations of the woreda. Five Oats
(Avena sativa) varieties (CI-1506, SRCPX80Ab2291, SRCPX80Ab2596, SRCPX80Ab2806 and
CI-8251) were used and arranged in RCBD with three replications. Agronomic performances,
biomass yield, nutritional qualities and dry matter yield data were collected and the collected data
were analyzed using SAS computer software version 9.3. The analysis of the results of the combined
data indicated significance (P< 0.001) difference in the days to 50% flowering, plant height, number
of tillers per plant, number of leaves per tiller, green forage yield, dry matter yield, seed yield, crude
protein, crude fiber and neutral detergent fiber and dry matter content (P<0.01). There were no
significant (P>0.05) differences in crude protein yield, ash, ether extract, acid detergent fiber, acid
detergent lignin and in vitro organic matter digestibility among oats varieties
Assessing Information and Communication Technology Utilization by Agricultural Extension Workers on Extension Service provision in case of Jimma Zone, Ethiopia
No full textThis study assessed the utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) by
agricultural extension workers in providing extension services in the Jimma Zone. The primary
objective was to investigate the utilization of ICT by Agricultural Extension Workers on extension
service provision in Jimma zone. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to select 140
respondents. Both primary and secondary data were collected from the district through structured
questionnaires, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. Data analysis was conducted
using descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, t-tests, and econometric methods with SPSS software.
Chi-square tests indicated significant differences in ICT utilization between users and non-users of
ICT for extension servic
The Impact of Land Use Land Cover Change on Soil Erosion and Socio- economic of Local Community in the Case of Boloso Bombe District South Ethiopia Region Ethiopia
No full textThe impact of LULC conversion and land degradation on soil resources can be
significant, leading to reduced soil fertility, decreased agricultural productivity, and
increased vulnerability to erosion and desertification. Addressing this issue requires a
multifaceted approach, including promoting sustainable land management practices,
investing in soil conservation measures, and empowering local communities to manage
their land resources more effectively. This study was conducted to analyze the impacts of
LULC change on soil erosion and the socioeconomic of local communities in the
Mechancho watershed. To achieve this objective the data acquired from field surveys,
secondary data sources, and Landsat images of 1991, 2001, 2011, and 2022 for LULC
identification using supervised classification methods
Modeling the Hydrological Process of the Genale Dawa-3 Dam Watershed, Ethiopia
Full text linkWatershed hydrology comprehension is fundamental to the efcacious management of water resources and the formulation of
sustainable solutions. Tis research used the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) to analyze the hydrological dynamics of the
Genale Dawa-3 dam watershed, to advance sustainable water management strategies. Model calibration and validation were
performed using sequential uncertainty ftting (SUFI-2) within SWAT-CUP, and performance was assessed through various
statistical measures including R2, NSE, PBIAS, and RSR. Te fndings demonstrated a robust correlation between observed and
simulated streamfow during both the calibration and validation stages. Te statistical analysis revealed that there was signifcant
agreement between the observed and simulated streamfow in terms of R2 (0.79, 0.75), NSE (0.74, 0.72), PBIAS (−2.8, 2.1), and
RSR(0.57, 0.56) during calibration and validation. Evapotranspiration was found to account for 64.66% of precipitation loss, while
surface runof, groundwater fow, and water yield were each responsible for 12.62%, 9.47%, and 32.28% of the annual water
balance, respectively. A yearly water balance analysis revealed that evapotranspiration was the primary route of precipitation loss,
followed by surface runof, groundwater movement, and overall water yield. Te study estimated the total water potential of the
watershed to be 2.45 BMC. Notable spatial heterogeneity in water balance components was observed across subwatersheds,
attributable to variations in pedological characteristics, land use/land cover patterns, topographical features, and precipitation
distribution. Te elucidated hydrological processes provide a robust empirical framework for water resource practitioners and
policymakers to formulate and implement evidence-based, sustainable management strategies
Modeling and Design of Adaptive Model predictive controller based 3D Gantry Crane Control System the degree of Masters of Science in Control and Instrumentation
No full textA Gantry Crane is a well-known machine that is used to transport hazardous or large objects from
starting point to another destination. The control problem of gantry cranes has attracted
researchers’ attention because they have a wide application in industrial processes. Being an
underactuated MIMO system and a highly nonlinear system, a crane system has control issues. As
a result, the crane's cart should travel as quickly and accurately as feasible toward its destination
,while the payload swings as minimum as possible. In this paper, we present the modeling and
design of an Adaptive Model Predictive Control (AMPC) system for a three-dimensional (3D)
industrial gantry crane. The goal is to achieve fast and precise positioning while minimizing
payload oscillation. We derived the dynamic model of the system using the most powerful method
called Lagrange, providing an accurate representation of the crane's complex dynamics. To
facilitate controller design, the nonlinear dynamics are linearized around a stable equilibrium
point using the Taylor series expansion and small-angle assumptions, simplifying the complex
dynamics of the crane. The resulting linearized model serves as the foundation for the AMPC,
which optimally adjusts control actions based on real-time feedback to achieve smooth, rapid
positioning of the gantry while minimizing oscillatory motion. The proposed AMPC controller
adaptively adjusts the control parameters in real time to account for changes in system behavior,
ensuring robust performance across varying operating conditions. We evaluated the performance
of the AMPC through extensive simulations in MATLAB/Simulink, demonstrating the controller's
ability to achieve rapid positioning while effectively minimizing payload swing. The simulation
results indicate significant reductions in settling time, minimal overshoot around 0 % , efficient
suppression of oscillations and zero (0) steady state error. The approximate total efficiency of
AMPC compared to MPC is 66.93%, showing that AMPC is significantly more effective in
improving the system's performance. This work introduces the potential of AMPC to enhance the
operational performance of 3D gantry cranes in industrial environments where precise control
and rapid stabilization are essential. Comparative analysis with classical MPC highlights the
advantages of AMPC in handling multi-dimensional control constraints, making it particularly
suitable for industrial applications requiring high precision
Effect of Area Closure on rehabilitation of degraded land in Akaki District, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
No full textLand degradation is a severe environmental problem in Ethiopia. Soil and water conservation
as well as area closure are carried out to rehabilitate degraded land. The study aims to
investigate the effectiveness of area closure and area closure with integrating SWC of soil
properties, and assess the vegetation composition and socioeconomic characteristics of local
surrounding communities conducted in the Bilbilo watersheds Akaki Districts, East Shewa
zone, in Oromia Region. A mixed research design method was employed to take soil samples
and vegetation inventory in the study areas. A diagonal transect soil sampling was
established for quantitative data for soil samples, vegetation samples were taken from both
sites for collecting soil samples, and vegetation data were inventorie
Analyzing Dairy Value Chains and Market Supply Drivers of Smallholder Farmers in Wuchale Woreda, North Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
No full textThe dairy value chain faces several challenges, mainly due to the inadequate study on how
smallholder dairy farmers are included in the value chain for dairy production and marketing
activities. This study focused on the analysis of dairy value chains and market supply drivers for
smallholder farmers in Wuchale Woreda, North Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. The specific ob-
jectives were to identify the actors involved in the dairy value chain and their functions, identify
the dairy marketing margins and channels of the actors, analyze factors affecting dairy supply to
the market, and identify the challenges and opportunities for dairy production and marketing in
the study area. Two-stage, purposive, and simple random sampling techniques were used to se-
lect four Kebeles and 141 respondents, respectivel
Prevalence of Vitamin A Deficiency and Associated Factors among 6-59 Months Children in Kersa Distirict Jimma Zone, South Western Ethiopia, 2025: Cross Sectional Study
No full textBackground: Vitamin A deficiency remains a significant public health concern, particularly
among children 6-59 months years in low and middle-income countries. Due to increased
nutrient need and the severity of the potential health concerns associated with vitamin A
deficiency (VAD), children are the most at risk groups of the community. In kersa District, there
was no previous study on VAD among 6-59 months children at community level. Thus, this
study aimed to assess the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency and associated factors among 6-59
months Kersa District, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Jimma Zone Kersa
District from Febuary 05, 2025 to March 20, 2025. A systematic random sampling was
employed. A total of 398 particants included in this study by using a structured questionnaire.
The data was cleaned and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. The descriptive data was
summarized using frequency, percentages, Mean and texts. Variables with p-values < 0.25 on
bivariable logistic regression analyses were candidated for multivariable logistic regression
analyses.
The strength of association between dependent and independent variable was
determined by (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals and statistically significant association was
declared at P-values < 0.05.
Reults: Three hundred ninty eight mothers with children 6-59months were included in the study
making a response rate of 97.8%. The overall prevalence of Vitamin A deficiency among
children age 6-59 months was 3.8 %(95% CI (2.0, 6.0). Having no Antenatal care follow up
(AOR: 4.69(1.30-16.89)); Having No PNC (4.57(1.127-18.495)), and having no immunization
(AOR; 5.21(1.34-20.21)) were signicantly associated with vitamin-A deficiency.
Conclusions: The overall prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in this study was found to be
higher than the national and regional prevalence. Not having ANC follow up, Not having PNC
care and not having Immunization were remain the most important associated factors for vitamin
A deficiency. Therefore to decrease the prevalence of VAD, ANC, PNC and immunization
service should be strengthened
Time to Development of Hypertension and Its Predictors among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia, 2025: A Retrospective Follow-Up Study
No full textBackground: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for over 90% of diabetes cases
worldwide and is associated with multiple complications. One of the primary complications of
T2DM is the development of hypertension (HTN). The co-existence of the two conditions elevates
the risk of serious complications and deaths. However, despite its high burden and impact, little is
known about the time to development of hypertension and its predictors among patients with type
2 diabetes mellitus in Ethiopia.
Objective: To assess time to development of hypertension and its predictors among type 2
diabetes mellitus patients attending Jimma Medical Center (JMC), southwest Ethiopia, 2025.
Methods: A facility-based retrospective cohort study was conducted at Jimma Medical Center
(JMC) among adult Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients who were normotensive at baseline
and enrolled for follow-up between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2024. A total of 282 patient
records were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected using a
structured and pre-tested data extraction tool, and analyzed using STATA version 17. Descriptive
statistics were used to summarize patient characteristics. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were used
to estimate survival probabilities, and the log-rank test was applied to compare time-to-event
across predictor categories. Proportional hazards assumptions were assessed using Schoenfeld
residuals. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to identify
independent predictors of time to hypertension development, and a 95% confidence interval (CI)
was used to declare statistical significance in the final model.
Results: A total of 282 T2DM patients followed over 9,085 person-months of observation. Of
these, 74 developed hypertension resulting in an incidence rate of 8.15 per 1,000 person-months
(95% CI: 6.49–10.23). The median survival time to development of hypertension was 57 months.
Age ≥ 60 years (AHR = 3.63, 95% CI: 2.14–6.14), urban residence (AHR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.01
2.96), poor drug adherence (AHR = 3.86, 95% CI: 2.08–6.18), and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²)
(AHR = 3.13, 95% CI: 1.60–6.13) were found to be independent predictors significantly associated
with the time to development of hypertension among T2DM patients.
Conclusion and recommendation: Findings in this study indicated that the median time to
development of hypertension among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was 57 months. Special
focus on older age, poor adherence, urban residence, and obesity is crucial to reduce hypertension
risk among T2DM patients
Correlation of Ultrasound Features in the Birads Scoring System with Fnac Findings of Breast Nodules at Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma: A Facility Based Retrospective Study, Jimma, and Southwestern Ethiopia from March 2025 to August 2025
No full textBackground: High frequency ultrasonography is a noninvasive method for initial breast nodule
assessment. Currently Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System used in risk stratification and
guide management. This method reduces unnecessary fine needle aspiration cytology rates,
benefiting patients and the healthcare system by reducing burden.
Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of ultrasound-based risk stratification
by correlating ultrasound findings and pathologic diagnosis at Jimma University comprehensive
specialized hospital.
Method: Hospital based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted on
radiologic-pathologic correlation study in patients with ultrasound examination for breast
nodules classified based on their American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and
Data System score at Jimma University comprehensive specialized hospital, radiology
department from March 2025 to August 2025. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were
used to measure the strength and direction of the association between variables. Finally results
will be presented in the form of texts, graphs and tables and finding of this result will be
disseminated to all relevant stakeholders through presentation and publication.
Results: Out of 81 breast nodules examined on ultrasound 65 nodules belonged to BIRADS 3
while 3 and 13 nodules belonged to BIRADS 4 and 5 respectively. On FNAC: 3 were found to
be IAC Yokohama C1, 59 were C2, 5 were C3, 4 were C4 and 10 were C5. The sensitivity,
specificity, PPV and accuracy value of ultrasound were found to be 92.8%, 95.5%, 81% and
96.2% respectively