Osaka Kawasaki Rehabilitation University Repository
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“Absorbed State” During Occupational Activities is Related to the Frontal Midline Theta Rhythm
Get PDF作業活動に没頭することによるリラックス効果は、これまで臨床的知見として報告されてきたが、神経科学的側面からは検討されてこなかった。我々はこれまで手工芸活動中の脳波と自律神経活動を測定することによって、手工芸活動への集中が脳内ネットワークにどのような影響を与えるか、そのメカニズムについて検討した。その結果、Frontal midline theta rhythm が出現した手工芸活動中には、実行系の脳内ネットワークが増加し、自律神経活動の変化からリラックス効果が確認された。The relaxing effect of a state of absorption during occupational activities has been reported as a clinical finding, but has not been investigated from a neuroscientific aspect. We aimed to elucidate the mechanism by measurement of EEG and autonomic nervous activity during manual arts and crafts activities. We investigated the mechanisms of how concentration on craft activities affects brain networks. The results showed that the brain network of the executive system increased during craft activities in which the frontal midline theta rhythm emerged, and changes in autonomic nervous activity confirmed a relaxation effect.Reviewdepartmental bulletin pape
Implementation of monoclonal antibody therapy and new rehabilitation strategies for Alzheimer disease
Get PDFIn June 2021, the United States Food and Drug Administration granted accelerated approval for aducanumab, the first monoclonal antibody drug to be used in clinical settings in the United States. Meanwhile, it has not received approval in Europe or in Japan owing to significant reduction of amyloid beta without evidence of slowing down the progression of cognitive decline of patients with early Alzheimer disease. In January 2023, outine approval was granted in the United States for a second antibody, lecanemab, which had sufficient evidence of clinical effect and significant deprivation of amyloid beta in the phase 3 trials. Lecanemab was pproved by the Japanese regulatory authorities in Japan in September 2023 after Eisai filed for approval in January. A framework for treatment of Alzheimer disease with antibody therapeutics is required. Although lecanemab has emonstrated efficacy, side effects including amyloid-related imaging abnormality have also been confirmed. Based on the results of clinical trials, there is ongoing discussion of the system for its use in clinical settings. ecanemab is expected to have disease-modifying effects and may inhibit the rate of cognitive decline in the early stage of Alzheimer disease, thereby prolonging the duration of mild stage period. This is also the period hen the rehabilitation is most effective, making psychosocial interventions more important than ever. Rehabilitation techniques need to be developed for patients with early Alzheimer disease receiving disease-modifying therapy. Although disease-modifying drugs inhibit the progression of symptoms in the early stages for a certain period of time, once the threshold is exceeded, cognitive function may decline more rapidly than in non-drug-treated individuals. From this perspective, the effects of disease-modifying therapy are analogous to the effect of high cognitive reserve. These considerations should be taken into account to enhance the clinical utility of rehabilitation for patients under disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer disease.Review Articlereview articl
Exploring risk factors for re-drinking among alcoholics who use day care services: considering support for continuing a life of sobriety
Get PDFMaintaining sobriety is essential to the recovery of alcoholics. Day care is one way to support the maintenance of sobriety, but many patients still relapse into drinking while attending it. In this study, a questionnaire survey
using the Alcohol Relapse Risk Scale (ARRS) was administered to attendees of specialized day care, focusing on age, the number of months in day care, the number of days in day care in the last three months, and the presence of a family member as factors influencing alcoholics’ drinking behavior. Age and the presence or absence of a family member were factors that influenced alcohol consumption. Conversely, the number of months and the number of days in the last three months were not found to affect the risk of drinking again. Patients living with family members are suggested to need support that considers the patient’s age and the background of the family members. Ultimately, although it is not sufficient to simply connect the patients to a day care facility, it may at least help them to maintain sobriety if they are actively involved in attending the day care.Original Articlearticl
Reliability and validity of Information Literacy Self-Efficacy Report in individuals with schizophrenia
Get PDFThis study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Information Literacy Self-Efficacy Report (ILSER) and investigated its reliability and validity in a sample of individuals with schizophrenia. Overall, 61 individuals with chizophrenia and 59 healthy controls completed the ILSER and the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0). Individuals with schizophrenia scored significantly lower than healthy controls on several ILSERS items. The Cronbach’s alpha was greater than 0.90 in each group, indicating high internal consistency. Significant correlations were found between the ILSER and several subscales of the WHODAS, supporting its external criterion validity. Factor analysis confirmed that the ILSER has a two-factor structure. These results suggest that the ILSER is a useful instrument for measuring self-efficacy in information literacy.ORIGINAL ARTICLEarticl
