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Upkeeping a religious foundation from time to time; A case study of Dharma i Salingsingan (ninth–tenth century CE)
No full textThe toponym Salingsingan is observed in several inscriptions spanning the period 791-836 Śaka (869-914 CE), through the reigns of King Lokapāla until King Daksa. Its occurrences are attributed to an area where a religious foundation was established. From these occurrences, we see several interesting topics to explore regarding the sīma institution, religious foundations (dharma), and the toponymy of early Central Java. Our aim is to demonstrate the management of the dharma of Salingsingan and to determine its present-day location by combining epigraphical records and archaeological remains. The research will first try to lay a foundation of what is meant by the terms sīma and dharma in a general context. Second, it looks at the relevant inscriptions to understand the context of Salingsingan’s occurrences. Third, it will examine how a religious foundation was managed through different patrons. Fourth, it will explore the possible locations of the Salingsingan foundation from the archaeological remains and the provenance of inscriptions. The study reveals different actors and their actions in the foundation at Salingsingan during the ninth and tenth centuries. The study of inscriptions’ provenances and the architectural styles of temples sheds light to the possible location of this foundation: the complex of Candi Asu, Lumbung, and Pendem in kabupaten Magelang. This multidisciplinary methodology of epigraphical and archaeological analysis helps us to ultimately understand the history of the foundation
Tracing the transformation of the ruwatan rituals in Java from the fifteenth to the twenty–first century
No full textThis article explores the transformation of ruwatan (purification) rituals in Java from the fifteenth century to the twenty-first century, focusing on the changes that occurred based on archaeological relics and texts related to ruwatan rituals. A thorough study in connecting archaeological relics, such as reliefs in Sukuh Temple, with puja (ritual worship) texts used in ruwatan rituals and the transformation of these texts from their origins within Kawi culture through to the Islamic period and the present day, has not been attempted. This research aims to identify and analyse the transformation of ruwatan rituals from the fifteenth century, as reflected in the reliefs at Sukuh Temple and in texts such as Aji Saraswati and Bhīma Swarga, to texts of the modern era, including the Serat Centhini, Serat Hong Ilaheng, and Lakon Wayang Ruwatan Murwakala. Through an interdisciplinary approach combining archaeological and manuscript-based research, this study shows how ruwatan rituals remain relevant and adapt to the changing socio-cultural context of Java, maintaining cosmological balance and strengthening the order of Javanese society over time
Tinjauan Yuridis Perbandingan Pengaturan Klausula Eksonerasi di Indonesia dan Inggris dalam Konteks Hukum Perdata
No full textThis paper analyzes the comparative regulation of exemption clauses within the legal systems of Indonesia and the United Kingdom, aiming to draw lessons from the United Kingdom’s regulatory framework. This study employes doctrinal legal research using a comparative approach. Exemption clauses are contractual provisions that limit or exclude one party’s certain liabilities. In Indonesia, neither the Civil Code nor the Consumer Protection Act defines or categorizes exemption clauses. The Civil Code does not impose any restrictions on their use, and the Consumer Protection Act merely identifies them as prohibited standard clauses without providing clear elaboration. The regulatory gap ambiguity in the legal application of exemption clauses in consumer contracts and room for misuse in contracts between business actors. In contrast, the United Kingdom has established a structured framework through Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 and Consumer Rights Act 2015. These statutes not only offer clear definitions, categories, and limitations, but also introduce reasonableness and fairness tests as tools to assess the validity of such clauses. Therefore, a comparative legal analysis is necessary to identify similarities and differences between the two countries and to derive insights from the United Kindom legal system. The study concludes that Indonesian regulations still lack clarity, categorization, and proper testing mechanisms
Akibat Hukum Praktik Surogasi: Suatu Tinjauan Perbandingan
No full textThis journal seeks to analyze how the legal consequences of the practice of surrogacy in Indonesia, which has no regulation, compared to other countries. This journal is organized using the doctrinal research method. Womb rental agreements are a practice of Assisted Reproductive Technology that aims to help couples who want to have offspring but are unable to do so due to infertility. In Indonesia, uterine leasing agreements are considered invalid by law and contrary to public order and decency in society. In addition, Indonesia itself does not have a clear regulation regarding the practice of uterine leasing, so the analysis uses existing provisions such as the legal system of lease agreements and employment agreements. The legal consequences of children born from surrogacy in Indonesia are also unclear, especially in determining the status and inheritance rights of the child. Therefore, it is necessary to find out how the regulation of surrogacy in Indonesia and abroad, namely India and England, and how the differences between the two. After conducting research, the author concludes that India and the UK have good regulations, with their respective laws governing surrogacy. In addition, both now prohibit commercial surrogacy and only allow altruistic surrogacy. The inheritance rights granted by the two countries also differ between the two, which are based on by law and by the court
Workplace Policy and Associated Factors of Minimum Acceptable Diet Practices: An Online Survey Among Working Mothers in Indonesia
No full textWorking mothers in Indonesia may influence complementary feeding practices, particularly their ability to ensure that their infants properly meet the minimum acceptable diet (MAD). In this cross-sectional study, an online survey was distributed through various online platforms where participants were recruited using convenience sampling. The questionnaire covered sociodemographic factors, workplace policies, and infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were conducted. A total of 394 working mothers participated, of which over 90% of the respondents reported meeting minimum dietary diversity, minimum milk frequency, minimum milk feeding frequency, and MAD indicators as assessed with a standardized questionnaire based on the WHO’s IYCF assessment. Multivariate analysis identified two workplace policy variables significantly associated with meeting MAD requirements: physical facility support (AOR: 2.99; 95% CI [1.03, 8.70]; p-value \u3c0.05) and workplace flexibility scores (AOR: 0.18; 95% CI [0.05, 0.65]; p-value \u3c0.05). These findings highlighted the importance of having supportive workplace environments that enable working mothers to ensure that their infants meet MAD requirements. Additionally, the negative association between workplace flexibility and meeting MAD requirements may have been due to the homogeneity of this study’s subjects\u27 characteristics
Post-Release Health Insurance Utilization Among Ex-Prisoners: A Scoping Review
No full textThe lack of health insurance coverage after prison release significantly reduces access to essential healthcare services, hindering the continuity of care during community reintegration. The evidence on studies of health insurance use following prison release is limited. This scoping review aimed to summarize research on health insurance utilization after release from prison. Literature searches were conducted across databases including ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Scopus. Relevant articles were selected through a two-stage screening process. Data were extracted from the included studies and presented in tabular and descriptive formats. The keywords used were health insurance AND post-release and inmates OR prisoners. This scoping review showed that post-release health insurance utilization varied internationally. Coverage gaps, such as those in the United States, limit access to and continuity of care, whereas Canada and Australia provide more stable services. Barriers included administrative challenges, housing and employment instability, stigma, and poor coordination within the health system. The findings highlight the influence of national insurance frameworks and the need for policies supporting prerelease-release enrollment, coverage continuity, cross-sector collaboration, and adherence to the World Health Organization and Nelson Mandela Rules for equitable healthcare
Earnings Management in Borsa Istanbul During Seasoned Equity Offerings
No full textTo increase share prices during the issuance of seasoned equity shares, firms may be motivated to boost earnings through earnings management, particularly just before the offering. This study examines the earnings management practices of non-financial firms listed in Borsa Istanbul and surrounding seasoned equity offerings. Using the cross-sectional Modified Jones and Roychowdhury (2006) models, both accrual-based and real earnings management practices were analyzed from 2005 to 2018. The sample consists of 120 rights offerings within the research period. The results indicate that firms listed on Borsa Istanbul did not engage in earnings management the year before the offering. Instead, earnings management practices were observed in the year of the offering and the subsequent year. Additionally, other motivations may warrant further investigation, such as efforts to mitigate the negative impact of the offerings on stock performance after the offering
Perilaku Pencarian Informasi Kesehatan tentang Stunting di Kalangan Masyarakat Pedesaan Tradisional
No full textStunting remains a significant public health issue in Indonesia, particularly in traditional rural communities such as those in Village X, Leuwi Damar Subdistrict, Lebak Regency, Banten, which are widely recognized as the Outer Baduy community. This study aims to analyze information-seeking behavior related to health information on stunting by examining information needs, preferred sources, barriers encountered, and the socio-cultural context influencing such behavior. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed using Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and semi-structured interviews involving 15 mothers with children under five as the primary participants. Data were analyzed thematically based on Wilson’s (1999) information-seeking behavior model and Savolainen’s (2018) information culture perspective. The findings indicate that (1) information needs are strongly associated with mothers’ direct experiences in dealing with children’s health problems; (2) village midwives serve as the most trusted and accessible information source; (3) limited information literacy and geographic distance are major barriers to seeking information; and (4) the acceptance of health information is shaped by trust and conformity with local cultural norms. This study recommends a community-based health communication strategy that leverages the role of healthcare workers and local community leaders as knowledge mediators. The findings enrich the discourse on information behavior by reaffirming the significance of trust and cultural aspects within traditional community contexts
THE DYNAMICS OF TERRORISM AND COUNTER-TERRORISM: THE SOUTH AFRICA EXPERIENCE
No full textDefining Terrorism within the context of South African government promulgated Terrorism Act of 1967 as’ action(s) that endanger the maintenance of law and order’, innocuously suggest that the phenomenon of terrorism in South African political space is not a recent development. This study examines the historical, socio-economic and demographic dis-equilibrium as indicative factors of terrorism within the context of South Africa. Theoretical postulations on the phenomenon of terrorism within the context of South Africa state experience also engaged the attention of this study. Attempts are made to identify the nexus between social relationships and the nature, essence and political dimensions of terrorism in South Africa. Using the two classical theories on counter-insurgency (the enemy-centric approach and the population-centric approach theories), the relative efficacies of governmental institutional mechanisms for counter-terrorism in South Africa are also examined
Kutukan Sumber Daya atau Katalis Kesejahteraan: Bagaimana Dampak Hilirisasi Nikel terhadap Kemiskinan di Sulawesi?
No full textThis study evaluates the impact of nickel downstreaming on poverty levels in Sulawesi by examining the effectiveness of smelter development and the raw ore export ban policy as resource-based industrialization strategies. The primary contribution of this research lies in its identification strategy, which employs a staggered Difference-in-Differences approach with two-way fixed effects using panel data from 54 regencies/municipalities over the period 2010–2023. The baseline regression results show that the average effect of smelters is not statistically significant in reducing poverty. On the other hand, the raw mineral export ban policy is found to significantly reduce poverty. However, there is no evidence that this policy moderates or amplifies the effect of smelters on poverty. Nevertheless, the event study results reveal that the presence of smelters has a significant and consistent negative effect on poverty rates, emerging a few years after smelters begin operating—indicating that smelters contribute to poverty reduction in the medium term (delayed benefit). Nonetheless, it does not necessarily constitute a form of maslahah