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Analisis Peringkat Kredit Korporasi Non-Keuangan di Indonesia Ditinjau Dari Model dan Indikator Risiko Kredit Berbasis Data Akuntansi dan Data Pasar Periode 2013 - 2022
No full textThis research entails an examination of credit risk assessment (credit rating) with respect to credit risk assessment models utilizing accounting data and market data for non-financial corporations in Indonesia between the years 2013 and 2022. The sample comprises credit rating values of 20 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and included in the IDX 80 index, possessing credit ratings from PEFINDO over a ten-year period from 2013 to 2022. Panel data analysis is conducted, employing the multiple linear regression method. The findings of this study reveal that the accounting data-based model demonstrates the significance of liquidity, capital structure, and interest payment ability indicators, while the market data-driven model highlights the influence of equity volatility and market multiples indicators in respect on credit ratings. Moreover, the study concludes that the combined model incorporating accounting data-based and market data-driven models provides a more comprehensive and holistic explanation of credit ratings
Rekonstruksi Paradigma Transfer of Sentenced Persons: Antara Kepentingan Narapidana dan Kepentingan Negara, serta Implikasinya pada Tata Kelola Transfer of Sentenced Person
No full textThis article analyzes the paradigm shift in the Transfer of Sentenced Persons (TSP) from a regime oriented towards the rehabilitation and social reintegration of prisoners to a new configuration increasingly driven by state interests, such as national security, prison population management, immigration policy, budget efficiency, diplomatic calculations, and human rights image. Based on a legal-normative approach combined with institutional analysis and a comparison of practices in various jurisdictions, this paper shows how the principle of consensualism, initially interpreted as trilateral consent (the sentencing state, the receiving state, and the prisoner), has fragmented into three models: compulsory, voluntary, and hybrid, with direct implications for the autonomy of prisoners in the decision-making process. This article also shows how the classic prohibition on transferring prisoners sentenced to death through the TSP scheme is reconstructed through various sentence-conversion formulas and policy engineering. At the governance level, TSP is shifting from a predominantly judicial mechanism to a series of administrative and cross-sectoral coordination decisions, with the executive and inter-ministerial networks playing a central role
Tindak Pidana Korupsi oleh Partai Politik: Urgensi dan Implikasi Hukum terhadap Pembubarannya dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Indonesia
No full textCorruption has become an extraordinary crime that damages the integrity of the state and weakens the democratic system, including through the role of political parties that are supposed to be the main pillars of democracy. This research aims to answer the main question: can a political party be dissolved because it is proven to have committed a corruption crime? Using a normative-juridical research method, this paper examines the provisions in the Anti-Corruption Law, the Political Party Law, and the Constitutional Court Law and is associated with the e-KTP corruption case study. The results show that normatively political parties can be categorized as corporations, making it possible to be held criminally liable. However, in practice, there is no mechanism that explicitly allows the dissolution of parties due to corruption. Therefore, regulatory reform is needed to clarify the legal status of political parties as criminal subjects and make corruption a reason for party dissolution through the Constitutional Court
Prevalence of Bruxism and Its Association with Stress among Dental Students: A Questionnaire-Based Cross-Sectional Study
No full textObjective: Bruxism has been described as a parafunction associated with a multifactorial etiology, but primarily as a psychological factor. This study determined the prevalence of bruxism among dental students and explored the potential contributing factors. Methods: A cross-sectional self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among dental students across various academic years. The prevalence of bruxism (awake and during sleep) was assessed along with stress levels, lifestyle factors, and demographic variables. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of bruxism was significantly associated with stress and academic workload. Most participants exhibited moderate to severe stress. Of these, most reported symptoms of bruxism. However, formal diagnoses and treatment-seeking behaviors were low. Conclusions: Bruxism is prevalent among dental students and may be associated with academic stress. Implementing preventive strategies, such as stress management programs and awareness campaigns, could help reduce its impact
Dental Students’ Preferences in Selecting Artificial Teeth for Older Adults\u27 Dentures
No full textObjective: Selecting and arranging acrylic resin teeth for dentures is essential to achieve a natural appearance; however, limited understanding and older adults’ aesthetic expectations may result in inconsistencies and increased patient visits. This study aimed to explore the methods and factors dental students prefer when selecting artificial teeth for dentures for older adults. Method: A validated questionnaire, including consent, demographics, and six domains of the methods with related factors for selecting acrylic teeth, was distributed to dental students of the Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM). The participants responded using a five-point Likert scale and closed-ended questions. Result: 161 dental students participated in the study (115 females, 71.4% and 46 males, 28.6%), divided into no-experience (n = 80, 49.7%) and experienced (n = 81, 50.3%) in treating older denture patients. Both groups preferred the visual shade selection method, with no-experience students\u27 mean score is 3.88 ± 1.03 and experienced students\u27 score is 4.11 ± 0.77 (p \u3e 0.05). The digital shade selection method was the least preferred by no-experience students (2.98 ± 1.28) and experienced students (2.51 ± 1.33) (p \u3c 0.05). The factors most influencing the selection were experience, light source, and characteristics of the tooth. Conclusions: Dental students preferred the visual shade selection method for choosing acrylic teeth in denture fabrication for older adults and were influenced by experience, light source, and natural tooth characteristics
Evaluation of Maxillary Posterior Teeth Proximity to the Adjacent Sinuses in a Turkish Subpopulation: Implications for Dental Education and Clinical Practice
No full textObjectives: This study aimed to evaluate the proximity of upper posterior tooth roots to adjacent sinus borders using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a Turkish subpopulation and to assess dental students’ competence in identifying this anatomical relationship. Methods: CBCT scans of 171 patients were analyzed. The vertical relationship between premolars and molar roots, and the maxillary sinus (MS) border was categorized into four types (Type 0–3). Interrater agreement between three final-year dental students and an experienced radiologist was measured. Results: Type 0 was the most frequent classification, except for first molars, where Type 2 and Type 3 predominated. MS-root distances were significantly greater in men for specific teeth. Interrater agreement between the radiologist and each student was substantial. Conclusion: The relationship between the MS and posterior teeth varies by tooth type, gender, and age. Second molars most frequently lie closest to the MS, increasing the likelihood of sinus-related complications. Dental students demonstrated substantial diagnostic agreement with the radiologist, highlighting the value of structured radiographic education. These findings underscore the need for thorough radiographic assessment to minimize procedural risks in clinical practice
A Cross-Sectional Study on Patient Safety Attitudes and Their Determinants Among Medical Staff in Malaysian Public Specialist Hospitals
No full textIntroduction: This study aimed to assess the baseline level and mean scores of patient safety attitude domains among doctors and nurses in Malaysian public hospitals and to identify determinants associated with these attitudes across six domains: teamwork, safety climate, working conditions, job satisfaction, stress recognition, and perception of management.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) among 142 doctors and 231 nurses from three public tertiary hospitals. Participants were selected through proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate methods.
Results: The study achieved an 81% response rate. Among the six domains, job satisfaction scored the highest (mean = 73.78 ± 20.54), while perception of management scored the lowest (mean = 58.98 ± 16.28). Significant determinants of more positive patient safety attitudes included position and attendance at patient safety training (teamwork); training attendance (safety climate); education level, position, and training (job satisfaction); age and work area (perception of management); and age and training attendance (working conditions).
Conclusion: Attendance at patient safety training was consistently linked to more positive attitudes, underscoring the value of continuous education in strengthening safety culture. Systematic interventions targeting education, communication, reporting, and work environment are essential to achieve the Malaysian Patient Safety Goals
Analysis of Leakage in Nearshore Pipelines Using Fitness for Service Method to ensure Mechanical Integrity Based on API-579 Level 3
No full textThe Fitness for Service (FFS) analysis is performed as a quantitative assessment to evaluate the integrity condition of a pipeline. Essentially, FFS assessment helps determine whether equipment components can operate safely despite existing deficiencies. This evaluation is carried out using the Finite Element Method (FEM). In the case of an underwater pipeline that experiences leak due to anchor pull at the flange connection, it undergoes plastic deformation and is lifted approximately 1 meter. As a mitigation step, inspection and repairs have been carried out by the company. Subsequently, modeling is performed to reconstruct the deformation process of the pipeline. Then, analyses are performed for Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV) and fatigue. The results of these analyses indicate that the pipeline is still in an acceptable condition, making it suitable for normal operation. Additionally, flow simulations are considered in the study, with various sensitivities to estimate the remaining service life of the pipeline. Based on sensitivity to flow conditions, the minimum estimated service life of the pipeline is 3 years
Utilization Review pada Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional: Implementasi, Tantangan dan Komponen Essensial
No full textIndonesia has implemented the National Health Insurance (JKN) program since 2014; however, various forms of fraud continue to be found. According to regulations, BPJS Kesehatan, as the national social security agency, is required to conduct Utilization Review (UR) as an effort to control costs and improve the quality of healthcare services. The effectiveness of UR remains questionable due to several implementation challenges. This study aims to explore the implementation of UR, identify its challenges, and examine the essential components required for its effective implementation. The study was conducted in August 2023 using a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews. Samples were selected purposively and consisted of five key informants. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The results showed that all respondents had good knowledge of the UR concept. BPJS Kesehatan applies a retrospective method. The UR results vary, including trends or patterns of patient visits, the ten most frequent Case Base Groups (CBG), the ten most common procedures, and the ten cases with the highest funding for outpatient and inpatient services. BPJS Kesehatan also formulates recommendations based on the UR results. However, strong commitment from healthcare providers is required to implement improvements. The challenges faced by BPJS Kesehatan include limited time for conducting UR, the large number of healthcare facilities to be assessed, as well as conflicts and misunderstandings with patients. Regarding essential components, three key aspects are needed: human resources, technology, and standardized UR procedures
Perbandingan Faktor Risiko Gangguan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Pada Usia 20-59 Tahun Berdasarkan Wilayah di Indonesia: Analisis Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) Tahun 2023
No full textOral and dental health is one of the indicators of health, well- being, and quality of life. In addition, poor oral health can increase the economic burden, including treatment costs, loss of work productivity, and worsen the burden of other diseases. Globally, the average prevalence of dental and oral diseases is around 45%. In 2023, dental and oral health problems in Indonesia reach 57,6%. This study aims to analyze risk factors for dental and oral health disorders among people aged 20-59 years based on regions in Indonesia. This study uses a cross- sectional design. The secondary data used is data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey. The sample used was 479,886 respondents. The analysis was carried out by grouping by region Java-Bali and non Java-Bali. The dependent variable is dental and oral health disorders. The independent variables include age, gender, education level, place of residence, smoking status, consumption of sweet drinks, sweet foods, alcohol, frequency of tooth brushing, and visits to the dentist. Prevalence of dental and oral health disorders in Java-Bali (57,43%) and non Java-Bali (57,97%) is not significantly different. The highest risk factor in the Java-Bali and non Java- Bali regions is visits to the dentist in the past year. Therefore, there needs to be a national effort to encourage dental checkup as an important preventive care in the regions.
Keywords: Dental and oral health, disorder, productive age, regio