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THE IMPACT OF GREEN FINANCE, TRADE OPENNESS, AND FOSSIL FUEL SUBSIDIES ON RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION: A GLOBAL AND ASIA-PACIFIC PERSPECTIVE
No full textFossil fuels are the major source of global emissions, with the Asia-Pacific region being the climate biggest polluter. Despite the global efforts to shift to cleaner energy, fossil fuels still dominate the energy mix. Therefore, renewable energy adoption needs to be encouraged more to improve economic sustainability. The Glasgow Climate Pact emphasises the importance of helping developing countries in addressing the climate change issue through financial support, capacity building, and technology transfer. Hence, this study examines the influence of green finance, open trade, and fossil fuel subsidies on renewable energy adoption in 38 countries from 2017 to 2023. By using dummy variables, this study makes a unique contribution by highlighting regional disparities, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. To address heteroskedasticity, autocorrelation, and cross-sectional dependence in the model, this study used PCSE (Panel-Corrected Standard Errors) and FGLS (Feasible Generalised Least Squares). Four main findings emerged from this study: (1) Green finance significantly drives the adoption of renewable energy, indicating its potential as an important element in the transition effort towards cleaner energy sources. (2) Trade openness, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and government effectiveness have different effects on renewable energy utilisation, indicating their impact depends on the regional context. (3) Fossil fuel subsidies hinder the adoption of renewable energy, underscoring the importance of reforming these subsidies to accelerate the transition to renewable energy. (4) The Asia-Pacific region lags behind other regions in renewable energy utilisation, showing the unique structural and policy challenges to the region. These findings suggest the need for more green finance instruments, cross-border cooperation, and reduced fossil fuel subsidies, especially in developing countries and the Asia-Pacific region, to achieve global climate goals. This research emphasises the importance of technology transfer and capacity building to facilitate the transition to renewable energy. However, the short panel period in this study may obscure long-term trends. Thus, future research could extend the period and add more variables such as the role of energy storage, ESG framework, and environmental innovation in facilitating the transition to renewable energy
Fire and Explosion Hazard Risk Analysis of Fuel Transfer Activities at Fuel Terminal “X” Utilizing the Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) Method
No full textFuel transfer operations at Fuel Terminal ‘X’ constitute a critical stage in the energy supply chain, where complex interactions among human, technical, and environmental factors generate inherent risks of fire and explosion. The flammable nature of fuel oil, coupled with the possibility of vapor or liquid releases outcoming by tool failures, connection leaks, or control system malfunctions, underscores the need for robust and proactive risk management strategies. This study aims to evaluate and mitigate these risks by applying Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA). The assessment utilized the Parts Count method to foercast generic component failure rates and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) to classify potential failure pathways that could head to hazardous fuel release scenarios. Consequences were modeled with SAFETI software, enabling a detailed examination of thermal radiation spread by fires, overpressures by blasts, and the determination of risk exposure zones for human populations in the vicinity. Further application of control systems like gas leak detectors, flame detectors, and the automatic/manual shutdown and isolation systems reduced the IRPA to an acceptable risk level. These findings emphasize the importance of combining quantitative risk modelling and systematic safety barriers to improve the operational safety. It is anticipated that these results will support the preparation of risk assessment protocols and safety policy guidelines for fuel handling facilities in the oil and gas sector
High-Risk Terrorism Inmate Deradicalization: A Complex and Paradoxical Issue in Nusakambangan
No full textDeradicalizing high-risk terrorism inmates is a multifaceted and paradoxical challenge that has not been comprehensively addressed in criminological studies. This research seeks to fill the gaps in previous studies by focusing on the security challenges, personnel difficulties, and prison culture dynamics within super-maximum security facilities in their efforts to deradicalize terrorism inmates. The findings highlight three critical aspects of this complexity. First, the security measures in super-maximum security facilities emphasize the strict implementation of a one-inmate-per-cell system, which minimizes inmate interactions, adheres to high-security standards, and utilizes advanced technological systems. Second, correctional officers face significant challenges, including verbal confrontations from inmates, the harsh environmental conditions of Nusakambangan Island, the need for strong mental resilience, limited human resources, and constraints in the execution of interagency programs for deradicalization. Third, the prison culture of terrorism inmates in Nusakambangan’s super-maximum security facilities is characterized by radicalism dissemination patterns, inmate categorization, deterrent experiences, recidivism in radical behavior, and the daily habits of inmates within their cells. This study highlights the importance of future research that evaluates and compares deradicalization processes across various correctional facilities in Indonesia, with the goal of developing a more comprehensive understanding of this critical issue
TRANSFORMASI \u3ci\u3eSYAIR DODAIDI\u3c/i\u3e: DARI TRADISI LISAN KE KOMERSIALISASI DIGITAL DALAM SEJARAH MASYARAKAT ACEH
No full textSyair Dodaidi, as a form of Acehnese oral tradition, has played a significant role in the social and cultural life of the Acehnese people for centuries. It originally developed as a lullaby sung by mothers to their children, with lyrics containing prayers and praise to Allah SWT. This study aims to examine the transformation of Syair Dodaidi in the context of contemporary Acehnese society. The research methodology uses a historical approach with the stages of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results show that although Syair Dodaidi is still practiced as part of cultural heritage, there have been a number of transformations in the way the poem is maintained and presented en masse. The study observed changes in medium and presentation, but the values contained in Syair Dodaidi - such as character education, spirituality and cultural identity - remain relevant and valued by the people of Aceh. The study reveals that Syair Dodaidi is able to adapt to the contemporary era while maintaining its traditional essence, making it an interesting example of how oral traditions can survive and thrive in the face of changing time
Assessment of the Dietary Supplements Effects on Maternal Underweight in Nigeria
No full textMaternal underweight continues to rise and, if not properly managed, will lead to increased mortality. This contradicts the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal of reducing maternal mortality by 2050. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the probable effect of dietary supplements on maternal underweight in Nigeria. This study employed probit estimation using the maximum likelihood technique in 2022, with the 2018 Nigeria Demographic Health Survey data as the basis for analysis. The results showed a statistically significant effect of dietary supplements on maternal underweight in Nigeria. The likelihood of dietary supplements impacting maternal underweight was approximately 0.4% lower, on average, for mothers who took dietary supplements compared to those who took non-dietary supplements. That is, maternal underweight could be reduced significantly if mothers were consuming the required dietary supplements during their reproductive ages. This study concludes that the head of household age, wealth index, and mothers’ education level are likely to reduce maternal underweight. In contrast, household size is unlikely to have this effect when mothers take dietary supplements, with a very strong effect
Neutral Zone vs. Conventional Denture Fabrication: A Randomized Crossover Study on Denture Performance
No full textObjectives: It is challenging to achieve satisfactory outcomes in a complete denture for patients with resorbed residual ridges. Utilization of neutral zone techniques to guide posterior denture tooth arrangement and denture base contouring has been considered for many decades. However, the evidence is still not enough to revise protocols. This study aimed to compare patient satisfaction and stability of neutral zone denture with conventional denture. Methods: A crossover clinical trial was conducted among patients with resorbed mandibular ridges. Each participant received two sets of dentures: one fabricated using the neutral zone technique and one using the conventional method, in a randomized sequence. Denture stability was assessed clinically at the time of insertion. Patient satisfaction was recorded after three weeks of wearing each denture using a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests for within-subject comparisons, and carryover effects were evaluated using pre-test. Results: The carry-over effect was not statistically significant for both satisfaction (p = 0.099) and stability (p = 0.316). The stability of neutral zone denture was significantly higher than conventional denture (p = 0.043). Conclusion: Dentures prepared using neutral zone technique have been found to be more stable when compared to ones prepared using conventional methods
Intervensi Booklet Bermarkah terhadap Peningkatan Perilaku Pencegahan Leptospirosis pada Ibu Rumah Tangga
No full textLeptospirosis remains a public health concern in Indonesia, including in Bantul Regency. Data from Sewon I Public Health Center (Puskesmas) indicate a high incidence of cases, particularly among housewives who are considered a high-risk group. Effective education is essential to improve leptospirosis prevention behavior. This study aimed to determine the effect of a marked booklet as an innovative health education medium on improving knowledge, attitudes, and preventive actions against leptospirosis among housewives. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group approach. A total of 60 respondents were divided into two groups, namely the experimental group, which received education using the marked booklet, and the control group, which received education through lectures. Instruments used included questionnaires and checklists. The results showed no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups (p \u3e 0.05). After the intervention, the experimental group showed significant improvements in knowledge (100% in the good category), attitude (increased to 70% in the good category), and preventive action (100% in the good category), with p-values \u3c 0.05. In conclusion, the marked booklet was effective in improving leptospirosis prevention behavior and is recommended as an effective educational medium.
Keywords : Marked Booklet, Health Education, Leptospirosis Preventio
WATER POLLUTION IN YOGYAKARTA 1926–1942
No full textWater pollution in Yogyakarta has a long history dating back to the colonial era in 1926. Therefore, the main issue addressed in this writing is why water pollution occurred in Yogyakarta from 1926 to 1942. Basically, there are two factors influencing water pollution, namely natural factors and human factors. Using a historical research method, this study aims to examine water pollution in the Yogyakarta region, so that the government and the community can seek solutions. The sources used include collections from Algemeen Handelsblad voor Nederlandsch-Indie, De Locomotief, De Nieuwe Vorstenlanden, De Preanger Bode, and contemporary newspapers. The research findings on water pollution in Yogyakarta from 1926 to 1942 reveal that water pollution in the Yogyakarta region began when the population density increased. The arrival of the Dutch and Eastern foreigners increased the population, and their basic needs led to the pollution of clean water. Human needs caused the exploitation of natural resources, particularly water and human resources in Yogyakarta
Characteristics and Potential Indigenous Bacteria Isolated from Shallot Farming in Brebes Regency as Diazinon Pesticide Remediation Agents
No full textDiazinon is an organophosphate pesticide that is widely used by shallot farmers in Brebes Regency. Due to its toxicity, diazinon residue in agricultural lands as well as plants’ cultivation is harmful to humans and the environment. Using indigenous soil bacteria as a remediation agent is an alternative solution to overcome diazinon contamination. Firstly, this study aimed to characterize isolates from diazinon-contaminated shallot farming. The second objective was to test the diazinon tolerance of the isolates in various diazinon concentrations. Isolation was carried out using nutrient agar (NA) media containing diazinon concentrations of 5, 25, 50, and 100 ppm. The characterization of isolates was based on morphology and physical chemistry, including gram staining, catalase-oxidase, and carbohydrate fermentation tests. A hypersensitive test was conducted to ensure the non-pathogenic properties of the isolates. Diazinon degradation was tested using gas chromatography. This study successfully obtained 10 isolates, six of which were Gram-positive bacteria. The colonial shapes were various, including circular, filamentous, and irregular. All isolates were neutrophilic bacteria, positively reacted to catalase tests, and could use glucose in carbohydrate fermentation tests. The hypersensitive test demonstrated that all isolates were non-pathogenic. All isolates adapted to various concentrations of diazinon up to 50 ppm. The highest diazinon degradation (82.2%) was performed by Gram positive-filamentous strain KD1-D100.1. The application of indigenous isolates in this research will be studied further by testing the single and consortium inoculation for soil remediation
Civil Servant Disobedience: An Alternative Legal Strategy to Prevent Bureaucratic Pathology
No full textThis paper seeks to provide conceptual and empirical justifications for civil servants to engage in disobedience to curb bureaucratic pathology. Various civil servants have long complained that they face illegal instructions from their superiors. The cases discussed here are from public procurement, which has a dimension of political corruption, a recurring problem in many places in Indonesia. Thus, the problem shall be seen as a bureaucratic pathology rather than as maladministration. As the reporting of superiors to legal enforcers may be too risky, the disobedience can be accomplished by refusing to cooperate with superiors who give illegal instructions. The term \u27superiors\u27 here focuses on positions in government held by politicians, temporary positions obtained through elections, such as president, governor, mayor or regent, and temporary political positions given by appointment to a particular person, such as that of minister. There are four arguments in favour of civil servant disobedience. First, civil servant disobedience is rooted in the concept of civil disobedience, which has certain virtues and has been globally accepted. Second, legal justification dictates that civil servants\u27 loyalty is not to their superiors but primarily to society and the law. Third, a cost–benefit analysis based on several court decisions, interviews and risk factor mapping reveals that the benefits to bureaucrats of following illegal instructions from politicians are less than the risks and sanctions. Fourth, from a religious sociological perspective, religion requires obedience only to God, not servitude to man or worldly interests. The justifications offered here for civil servant disobedience may be applicable to the Indonesian context and serve as food for thought for any country facing similar situations