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Editorial Foreword IJSLS Volume 4 Number 1
No full textThe late “Ibu” Keebet von Benda-Beckmann made a significant contribution to the development of legal anthropology, particularly in Indonesia, where she is regarded as a pioneer of the field. Together with her husband, Franz von Benda-Beckmann, she conducted research in Indonesia for more than 40 years, inspiring and laying the foundation for many Indonesian legal scholars to conduct research in legal anthropology and socio-legal studies. The Benda-Beckmann\u27s works have become key references for legal anthropologists, proponents of legal pluralism, and socio-legal scholar around the world, to the extent that their theories and methodologies—particularly those related to the concept of legal pluralism—have become part of the universal canon of legal anthropology
NASKAH \u3ci\u3eTJRITAAN DI ATAS PERTJOBAAN TANEM PADI DAN NOTA DARI HAL TANAMAN BAMBOE\u3c/i\u3e: SEBUAH KERJA KODIKOLOGIS
No full textTulisan ini adalah penjelajahan awal (preliminer) terhadap naskah koleksi Perpustakaan Nasional RI yang bertema pertanian dan perkebunan. Melalui kunjungan langsung ke lembaga itu, peneliti mendapati dua naskah bertema demikian, yakni Tjritaan di Atas Pertjobaan Tanem Padi dan Nota dari Hal Tanaman Bamboe. Tulisan ini menyajikan tinjauan kodikologis terhadap kedua naskah dengan menguraikan deskripsi naskah secara analitis dan refleksi kritis berdasarkan deskripsi itu. Secara metodologis, peneliti mengamati langsung kedua naskah pada Oktober—November 2024. Tiap-tiap naskah dideskripsikan menurut lima aspek utama, yakni administrasi dan kebahasaan; media, penyajian teks, dan penjilidan; substansi dan tekstualitas; kolofon, estetika, dan kondisi naskah; serta kesejarahan, kelembagaan, dan keterangan tambahan. Tinjauan kodikologis ini mengimplikasikan bahwa pendeskripsian naskah bukan hanya kerja akademik untuk mengonstruksi pengetahuan, tetapi juga memperbarui pengetahuan lama dalam rangka mendorong terbentuknya pengetahuan baru bagi penelitian yang akan datang, terutama dalam mengkaji naskah-naskah bertema pertanian dan perkebunan
The Middle Javanese passive prefix ing-
No full textEvidence from literary texts originating from the Mount Merapi-Merbabu milieu in Central Java demonstrates the existence of a variant of the passive marker -in- affix, which has been in use since the early period of Old Javanese: the passive prefix ing-. The six literary texts that serve as the sources for this study indicate that the ing- prefix began to emerge during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, coinciding with the development of Middle Javanese. Previous researchers have not paid much attention to the ing- prefix, as it was considered merely incidental, especially since ing- was also found in texts from periods before the fifteenth century. Alongside the emergence of ing-, another form ring- appears, which serves the same grammatical function. This article focuses on two key issues: (i) ing- as a passive marker and (ii) passive construction patterns. The findings of this study reveal both similarities and differences in the grammatical characteristics of Javanese as used in texts from Merapi-Merbabu, compared to Old Javanese and Modern Javanese. The similarity between Middle Javanese and Old Javanese lies in passive constructions where the agent is expressed through suffixes for second- and third-person pronouns. Meanwhile, Middle Javanese and Modern Javanese share a similarity in passive constructions where the agent appears as a prefix for first- and second-person pronouns. The resemblance of Middle Javanese’s passive constructions to both Old Javanese and Modern Javanese within literary texts from the Merapi-Merbabu milieu suggests that this region preserves a transitional form of the language between Old Javanese and Modern Javanese
Inkonsistensi Pertimbangan Hakim Dalam Memutus Perkara Pembatalan Perjanjian Secara Sepihak: Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Putusan Nomor 504/Pdt/2019/PT.Bdg dan Yurisprudensi Mahkamah Agung Nomor 4/Yur/Pdt/2018
No full textThis thesis discusses and analyzes unilateral cancellation of agreements and the consistency of judge’s considerations in deciding similar cases, with a focus on High Court Decision Number 504/Pdt/2019/PT.Bdg and Supreme Court Jurisprudence Number 4/Yur/Pdt/2018. Unilateral cancellation of agreements often creates legal uncertainty, especially when faced with inconsistent qualifications of unilateral cancellation of agreements into unlawful acts or breach of contract. One important aspect examined in this research is related to the waiver of Article 1266 of the Civil Code, which states that cancellation of an agreement can only be done through a judge\u27s decision, unless it has been agreed otherwise which is clearly stated in the agreement clause. In practice, many parties unilaterally cancel agreements without going through a court process and without any exception clause in the contract, so that this action is contrary to positive law and is classified as an unlawful act as regulated in Article 1365 of the Civil Code. The research results show that there are fundamental differences in the judge’s considerations in deciding cases of unilateral cancellation of agreements, which reflect the inconsistency of law enforcement in Indonesia, especially regarding unilateral cancellation of agreements
Tinjauan Hukum Terhadap Pencatatan Perkawinan Dan Kompetensi Absolut Pengadilan Dalam Memutus Cerai
No full textMixed marriages conducted abroad give rise to various legal issues in Indonesia, particularly when one party files for divorce in an Indonesian court. Although the Marriage Law recognizes the existence of mixed marriages, there is no clear regulation regarding the jurisdiction of Indonesian courts in handling divorce cases arising from such marriages, especially when the marriage is not registered in Indonesia or is registered after the one-year deadline stipulated by law. This legal ambiguity is further complicated by Supreme Court Circular Letter (SEMA) No. 3 of 2015, which states that without registration, a marriage is deemed nonexistent, yet it fails to explicitly regulate its legal implications. This study aims to analyze the legal basis and jurisdictional limits of Indonesian courts in adjudicating divorce claims from mixed marriages conducted abroad. It also highlights the inconsistency in judicial reasoning regarding absolute and relative competence, which leads to legal uncertainty. Therefore, a specific regulation or judicial guideline is necessary to establish parameters for the jurisdiction of Indonesian courts in cross-border divorce cases, to ensure legal certainty for the parties involved
Burnout Assessment Tool Development and Validation for Healthcare Workers: A Psychometric Approach Using Rasch Modelling and Exploratory Factor Analysis
No full textBurnout remains a significant occupational threat to healthcare workers (HCWs). Existing instruments, e.g., the Maslach Burnout Inventory, have limited applicability in healthcare-specific contexts. This study aimed to develop and validate the Burnout Scale for Assessing Stress in Healthcare Workers (BSAS-HCW), designed to measure cognitive and emotional exhaustion. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 245 Malaysian HCWs representing diverse roles, including staff nurses (57.7%), house officers (14.3%), medical officers (13.5%), specialists (5.7%), pharmacists (4.5%), and other HCWs. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure with strong internal consistency (Cronbach\u27s alpha: cognitive = 0.95; emotional = 0.97), and all items loaded above 0.4. Rasch analysis supported unidimensionality, robust item fit, and minimal differential item functioning across sex and ethnicity. Person and item reliability exceeded 0.93, with Wright Maps indicating effective item-person targeting. The instrument explained over 70% of the total variance, demonstrating strong psychometric validity. The BSAS-HCW provided a culturally and occupationally relevant tool for assessing burnout among HCWs in high-stress clinical environments. Its dual-domain design addresses the cognitive and emotional toll of burnout more comprehensively than existing tools, enabling more effective detection, monitoring, and intervention strategies across diverse healthcare roles
Pengaruh Aerobic Low Impact Exercise terhadap Fungsi Kognitif Lansia dengan Risiko Demensia di Sasana Tresna Werdha Cibubur Tahun 2025
No full textBackground: Entering old age, the elderly often face various problems, one of which is impaired cognitive function. Some factors that influence the decline in cognitive abilities in the elderly include gender, education level, occupation, nutritional status, and comorbidities that can interfere with the nervous system, such as dementia and Alzheimer\u27s disease. The problem of dementia in the elderly is an important concern that requires effective prevention and treatment. Dementia in the elderly can include several aspects, such as orientation, registration, attention and calculation, memory, and language. Physiotherapy has an important role in maintaining and improving body movement function, so that a person can remain active independently. Aerobic physical activity can activate the hypothalamus to synthesize corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), which will affect the release of neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine that improve memory consolidation. Objective: To determine the effect of aerobic low impact exercise on changes in cognitive function in the elderly with risk factors for dementia at STW Ria Pembangunan Cibubur. Methods: This study used a pre-experimental method with a one group pre-test and post-test approach. A total of 12 people who have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The measuring instrument used was MMSE. The intervention was carried out 2 times a week for 4 weeks. Results: From all research objects, the average result of cognitive function before intervention was 17.00 and after intervention was 19.67. Hypothesis testing shows there is an effect of Aerobic Low Impact Exercise on improving cognitive function. Conclusion: Aerobic Low Impact Exercise has an effect on improving cognitive function in elderly people with dementia risk at STW Ria Pembangunan Cibubur
The Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of 1’s-1’-Acetoxychavicol Acetate (Aca) on Oral Cells
No full textObjective: Mouthwash is widely used to maintain oral health by reducing the prevalence of pathogenic microbiomes. Nonetheless, chlorhexidine, a common active ingredient, is associated with side effects including teeth staining, mucosal peeling, mouth and tongue numbness. This has prompted interest in natural alternatives. This study aimed to identify the cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory properties of 1’S-1’-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) isolated from Alpinia conchigera rhizome against human primary gingival fibroblast and keratinocyte (HPGF and HPGK). Methods: Cytotoxicity of ACA (1.57 mg/mL) against HPGF and HPGK was assessed using the MTT assay. Meanwhile, the anti-inflammatory property of ACA was analyzed based on the concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) synthesized by HPGF and HPGK in response to injury stimulation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results: Treatment with ACA was non-cytotoxic to HPGF and HPGK, with cell viability maintained above 80% after 24 hours. In addition, ACA showed anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the concentration of IL-6 and LDH produced by HPGF and HPGK in response to LPS, reflecting the ACA possibly protecting the cells from inflammation. Conclusion: ACA isolated from A. conchigera rhizome demonstrated non-cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory properties in oral epithelial cells, suggesting its potential to be incorporated in the mouthwash
THE RISE OF LUKARAWA: ANALYZING THE FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE EMERGENCE OF A NEW TERRORIST GROUP IN NIGERIA
No full textThe paper examined historical and socio-economic factors contributing to the emergence of Lakurawa terrorism in North West Nigeria. The Lakurawa is one of the terrorist organizations operated in Nigerian Republic\u27s forests that is situated along its shoreline, which became a haven for terrorist groups. Approximately seven camps are operating in areas such as Bangi, Dankano, Galmi, Maradi, Masallata, and YarBasira. The strategic location enables free movement between Nigeria and Niger, facilitating the establishment of hidden camps within the vast bushlands of the region. The absence of the federal government created an ungoverned space, leading to a power vacuum. The paper was elicited through a secondary data gathering technique. The paper revealed that Lukarawara emerged in the northwest of Nigeria via the invitation of the residents to support in the fight against armed bandits. However, the relationship quickly deteriorated due to accusations of cattle theft and attempts to enforce strict Islamic law. The success of Lukarawa\u27s attacks is a combination of factors, including cultural affinity, religious affiliation, porous border, bad governance, economic inequality, and high poverty rates. The paper recommends, amongst others, that the Nigerian government should prioritise rebuilding its partnership with the Nigerien junta to revitalise their mutually beneficial military alliance