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FROM LOCAL TO GLOBAL: SURABAYA’S PARADIPLOMACY STRATEGY IN REALISING A CHILD-FRIENDLY CITY
No full textAlong with the development of decentralisation and subnational diplomacy, strengthening child protection at the city level has become an important part of the global agenda. This research aims to analyse the implementation of the Child-Friendly Cities Initiative in Surabaya City from a paradiplomacy perspective. In addition, this study seeks to explain the synergy between local, national, and global policies and identify opportunities and challenges using literature studies and analysis of official documents from the Ministry of Women\u27s Empowerment and Child Protection (PPPA) and the Surabaya Office of Women\u27s Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control, and Family Planning (P3APPKB), the Surabaya City Children\u27s Forum, the Surabaya Child-Friendly City Task Force, and UNICEF Indonesia. The research findings show that Surabaya has implemented strategic measures, including preparing an Annual Work Plan, strengthening children’ s participation in decision-making, and developing child-friendly infrastructure. The paradiplomacy strategy has been proven to increase access to international resources and best practices while improving Surabaya’s local governance capacity and global standing. However, challenges such as low public awareness, budget constraints, and suboptimal cross-sector coordination remain. Using data processing based on thematic analysis, this study fills the gap in research on the application of a paradiplomacy perspective in child protection issues, particularly in the implementation of the Child-Friendly Cities Initiative in the Indonesian context
The Relationship Between Accessibility Factors and Post-Inpatient Control Visits Among Non-JKN Participants at Hospital X
No full textThe rate of post-inpatient control visits remains relatively low due to various factors, including accessibility. At Hospital X, 220 of non-Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) participants scheduled for post-inpatient control visits between January and March 2025, 71.82% attended, and 28.18% did not. Patients who did not attend control visits were twice as likely to be readmitted. This study aimed to determine the relationship between accessibility and post-inpatient control visits for non-JKN participants at Hospital X. This quantitative study employed an analytical cross-sectional design, with a population of 220 patients and a sample of 142 patients selected using probability sampling. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis. The results showed a significant relationship between distance to the hospital (p = 0.000), availability of transportation (p = 0.000), and the condition of service infrastructure (p = 0.000) with post-inpatient control visits among non-JKN participants at Hospital X. The results also showed that the factor with the highest probability of increasing post-inpatient control visits was walking as a mode of transportation, which increased the likelihood by 11.759 times. In conclusion, distance accessibility, transportation availability, and the condition of service infrastructure were significantly associated with post-inpatient control visits among non-JKN participants at Hospital X. The hospital should consider providing telemedicine services for patients who live at a considerable distance. In addition, the hospital could provide free pick-up and drop-off services within a certain radius
ULAMA AND VISION 2030: SAUDI ARABIA GOVERNMENT\u27S STRATEGIES TO NAVIGATE A SUCCESSFUL ECONOMIC REFORM
No full textSaudi Arabia\u27s Vision 2030 seeks to diversify its oil-dependent economy, but scepticism persists due to past reform failures, particularly in fiscal policy and labour markets. Ulama, as key figures in the Saudi social contract, play a vital role in legitimising government policies, especially on social and religious matters. However, reforms promoting private sector growth and social liberalisation have raised concerns among conservative ulama over potential threats to Islamic values. To address this, the government under Mohammed bin Salman (MBS) employs a strategy of separating economic and religious narratives while using a carrot and stick approach to manage ulama opposition. This approach aligns with realism theory, emphasising economic power for national stability, and Weber\u27s legitimacy theory, highlighting the critical role of ulama support. Without the support of religious elites (ulama), societal resistance could undermine Vision 2030\u27s reforms
ON THE FUTURE OF THE BLUE ECONOMY: COMPARING INDONESIA’S ROLE IN THE ASEAN AND LAC REGIONS
No full textThis study aims to determine the concrete development and implementation of blue economy programs in the future by examining Indonesia\u27s role in the context of international political economy, particularly through maritime diplomacy and cross-regional cooperation such as ASEAN, the Indonesia-Latin America and Caribbean Business Forum INA-LAC, and the Alliance of Island States AIS. Using a constructivist approach, this study concludes that Indonesia, as a middle-power country, utilises soft resources, such as maritime identity, sustainability values, and diplomatic leadership, to strengthen its position in global blue economy governance. The results of the study show that Indonesia has strategic potential for developing and implementing blue economy programs through a combination of diplomatic instruments, international cooperation initiatives, and normative leadership. This role not only strengthens Indonesia\u27s position in global forums such as the 2023 ASEAN Power and the AIS Forum, but also provides advantages in international political economy, particularly in building legitimacy and support from other countries for Indonesia\u27s national interests
Peran United in Diversity (UID) sebagai NGO dalam Mewujudkan SDGs 17: Partnerships for the Goals melalui Kolaborasi Lintas Sektor di Indonesia
No full textPenelitian ini menganalisis peran United in Diversity (UID) sebagai organisasi non-pemerintah (NGO) dalam memperkuat kemitraan multi-pihak untuk mendukung implementasi Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 17: Partnerships for the Goals di Indonesia. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, penelitian ini menelaah bagaimana UID berfungsi sebagai platform kolaborasi yang menghubungkan pemerintah, sektor swasta, akademisi, masyarakat sipil, serta mitra internasional dalam mendorong agenda pembangunan berkelanjutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa UID berperan sebagai fasilitator utama kemitraan lintas sektor melalui inisiatif seperti Tri Hita Karana (THK) Forum, yang pada tahun 2022 berhasil memobilisasi estimasi komitmen blended finance lebih dari USD 30 miliar untuk proyek-proyek yang terkait dengan berbagai tujuan SDGs. Selain itu, UID juga berperan dalam pengembangan kapasitas dan kepemimpinan kolaboratif melalui program BEKAL Pemimpin, Ecosystem Leadership Program (ELP), Public Speaking Bootcamp, dan pelatihan berbasis Theory U yang membekali pemangku kepentingan dengan kemampuan berpikir sistemik, komunikasi kolaboratif, dan perancangan solusi berkelanjutan. UID turut menjadi katalis inovasi melalui pengembangan model pembiayaan berkelanjutan, dukungan pada transisi energi, ekonomi sirkular, dan inisiatif konservasi berbasis ekosistem. Meski demikian, penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi tantangan seperti ketergantungan pendanaan eksternal, koordinasi multi-aktor, serta keterbatasan replikasi dalam skala besar. Secara keseluruhan, UID terbukti menjadi model efektif kemitraan multi-stakeholder di Indonesia yang memperlihatkan bagaimana sinergi lintas sektor dapat mempercepat pencapaian berbagai target SDGs
Nasionalisme di Era Artificial Intelligence: Scoping Review
No full textThis paper aims to map and thematically present the existing literature on the intersection of Artificial Intelligence (AI), identity, and AI Nationalism, following a scoping review approach. A systematic search was conducted across the Scopus, Web of Science, ACM Digital Library, and Google Scholar databases to identify relevant studies. The selected studies, published between 2020-2025, focus on the impact of AI on identity and geopolitics, resulting in six papers included in the final synthesis. The analyzed studies employed various methods, including conceptual, qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods approaches. Data extracted from each study included author, publication year, objectives, methodology, and key findings. The results were synthesized thematically, identifying the paradoxical role of AI as both a unifying force for human identity and a driver of nationalist competition. This review concludes that a culturally aware and inclusive approach to AI governance is necessary to navigate the complexities of the digital era responsibly
Analysis of Coverage of Tuberculosis Prevention Therapy (TPT): Literature Review
No full textTuberculosis Preventive Therapy (TPT) is a crucial intervention for tuberculosis (TB) control, particularly among high-risk groups such as household contacts of TB patients and people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Despite being recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), TPT implementation still faces challenges at the primary care level. This study employed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method to review 11 articles published between 2021 and 2025 that were relevant to TPT implementation in various high-TB burden countries, including Indonesia. The main barriers identified were input (logistics, training), process (tracing, education, monitoring), and output (low TPT initiation and completion coverage). A community-based approach, integrated policy support, and the use of short regimens have been shown to increase program success. These findings underscore the need to strengthen input systems, community education, and harmonize national and regional policies to support optimal TPT implementation in primary care
Relationship Between Knowledge Sharing and Innovative Work Behaviour: The Role of Flexible Work Arrangement
No full textResearch Aims: To examine the influence of Knowledge Sharing (KS) on Innovative Work Behaviour (IWB) of employees in the IT industry, as well as the role of Flexible Work Arrangement (FWA) in this relationship.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A survey was conducted gathering responses of employees of IT companies in Ho Chi Minh City. PLS-SEM approach was employed by using the SmartPLS application to analyse the model.
Research Findings: A significant impact of Theory of Planned Behaviour factors, which are Attitudes toward a behaviour, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behaviour Control on KS Intention was found, leading to a significant relationship with KS Behaviour. The finding confirmed that IWB is significantly impacted by KSB and FWA, while there is no significant relationship between FWA and KSB.
Theoretical Contribution/Originality: Applicability of the TPB model in KSB prediction in the IT work environment was confirmed. Also, FWA directly positively impacts IWB asserts that apart from the collaborative knowledge behaviour path, an individual-driven innovation path should be considered as a path to innovation in organisations.
Managerial Implication in the South East Asian Context: To bridge the gap between intention and actual KS, managers should cultivate a knowledge-sharing culture, implement mentorship programmes, and integrate KS into performance evaluations. Additionally, while FWA directly supports innovation, organisations should optimise digital communication tools and work models to maintain effective knowledge exchange and collaboration.
Research Limitation & Implications: The data were collected using the convenience sampling method, limiting the generalisability of the findings. Moreover, FWA can be considered as a control variable or mediator to test its impact on the relationships among constructs in future research
In vitro Antiviral Activity of Cat’s Claw (Uncaria tomentosa) bark Extract Against Human Influenza A Virus
No full textInfluenza A viruses mutate very fast and this leads to the development of resistance to antivirals, hence the need to find new therapeutics. Due to their extensive traditional use, natural products are crucial resources for the discovery of drugs. Cat’s claw (Uncaria tomentosa), is a tropical vine known for various health benefits and in this study we evaluated its anti-influenza activity. Pulverized material of the stem bark was extracted using 80% ethanol, hot water, and 1% sodium bicarbonate. The extracts were dried and dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide before testing for cytotoxicity and antiviral activity using crystal violet assay. The extracts exhibited antiviral activity with a 50% inhibitory concentration range of 2.3 - 6.2 µg/mL. The 1% sodium bicarbonate extract had the least 50% cytotoxic concentration of 125 µg/mL and was used for further analyses. It was effective against several human influenza A virus strains including an oseltamivir-resistant clinical isolate of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza. Time-of-addition experiments showed significant suppression of virus replication when the virus was pretreated with the extract before infecting to cells and also when the virus and extract were co-administered to the cells; suggesting that the extract was inactivating the virus. Oseltamivir was used as a positive control and only suppressed late stages of virus replication. These results were consistent with the hemagglutination inhibition assay data which showed direct virucidal activity on influenza virus particles. Our data demonstrates possible future use of Cat’s claw in influenza management. However, more investigation is needed to identify the bioactive components
Kedudukan Harta Pribadi Sebagai Bentuk Ganti Rugi Atas Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Pasangan: Perbandingan Hukum Indonesia Dan Prancis
No full textThis research examines civil liability within the context of marriage, with a particular focus on the use of one spouse’s separate property as compensation for an Unlawful Act committed by the other spouse. Under the applicable legal provisions, each spouse has the right to manage their own separate property independently and without interference from the other party. However, Indonesian court decisions have revealed cases in which a non-offending spouse, who had no involvement in the unlawful act, is nonetheless brought before the court as a co-defendant, with the aim of subjecting their separate property to liability for damages. In contrast, French law explicitly provides that a spouse’s separate property may not be used to satisfy civil liability for a tort committed by the other spouse. Furthermore, the French legal system adopts a more structured approach to matrimonial property, with clear delineations of property regimes and safeguards for separate assets through the principle of personal liability and the récompense mechanism (inter-spousal reimbursement). To analyze this issue, the study employs doctrinal legal research using a comparative approach, examining legislation, legal doctrine, and judicial decisions from both Indonesia and France. Through this comparative analysis, the study aims to identify the key differences between the two legal systems and determine an appropriate legal mechanism that ensures legal certainty in the allocation of civil liability between spouses.
Keywords: Unlawful act; Marriage; Separate Property; Civil Liability; Comparative La