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A Comparative Study Between The Elementary Chinese and Japanese Kanji : based on new edition HSK Level 2 vocabulary
Get PDFapplication/pdfJournal Article汉语和日语有很多相同、相似之处，尤其是汉字。汉字由中国传入日本，汉语的汉字与日语汉字在字形、字音和字义上存在许多共性。这种共性促使了正迁移现象的发生。不过由于汉字在两国经历了长期的发展、衍变，有些词语形态相同，但是意义或者用法却已经相去甚远。这种现象也会对学习者产生负迁移现象。本文以《新版HSK二级词汇》为蓝本，《新版HSK二级词汇》中有300个汉语词，其中包括《新版HSK一级词汇》的150个汉语词，笔者在《汉语入门阶段汉字与日语汉字比较研究--以为例》一文中，已对《新版HSK一级词汇》中的150个词进行了穷尽的调查分析，本文旨在对《新版HSK二级词汇》采用《新版HSK一级词汇》中并未出现的150个汉语词进行调查分析，对汉字在两种语言中存在的异同之处做细致的阐释，意图为汉语学习者提供帮助。汉字意义颇丰，本文研究的重点并非对所涉猎词语的全部语义进行比较，而是以初级阶段的常用语义为描写对象进行研究。另外，很多汉字在日语中使用，只作为姓名用字，其他场合并未使用，此类现象不作为本文的研究内容。journal articl
Women's Employment-Population ratio in urban areas : Comparison between Japan and the United States
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A study on the communication model in Korean class
Get PDFapplication/pdfJournal ArticleThis paper researches on how communication happens in a Korean class. For the analysis,authentic Korean class was recorded and transcribed. In the classroom, participants for communication are teachers and learners, and they use verbal tool for communication, along with several kinds of non-verbal tools as much as possible. Several verbal and non-verbal elements, appearing in the recorded data for discussion are divided into five groups. These are ‘understanding of meaning, strengthening of meaning, context dependency, change of topic and communication by sex’. Each feature was analyzed by verbal and non-verbal communication.Through discussion, the characteristics of the flow of communication in the classroom could be identified. Also, communication model was established in the Korean class.journal articl
The Implications of West Balkans' EU Accession to Regional Trade and Domestic Reforms
Get PDFapplication/pdfJournal ArticleCroatia’s EU accession of July 2013 may have significant impacts on neibouring exporters such as Bosnia and Herzegovina. Each EU member state is obliged to comply with various EU standards based on the Acquis Communautaire. In the accession process, Croatia pursued institutional reforms in agriculture and food sectors, among others, under the direction of Brussels. Upon Slovenia’s EU accession in 2004, Croatia’s agricultural sector saw a same problem as today’s Bosnia. This paper examines the negative effects of EU standards on trade flows between Croatia (then a non-EU member) and Slovenia (EU-accessing state) with particular reference to agricultural export from the former. The analysis implies that the EU standards duly discourage trade flows of non-compliant agricultural and food sectors. The implications to relatively agriculture-dependent Bosnia are significant in terms of possible unemployment and social stability. But in the medium and longer term, the effort to comply with the standards can pay, like Croatia.journal articl
A study of Stone Drum Inscriptions by Guo Mo-ruo and The An Kuo Rubbings of Northern Song Dynasty
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The surveillance study on the child-nurturing attitude for parents as regional child-rearing center user : Consciousness about foundation of “Center for Early Childhood Education and Care” and criteria for selecting in kindergarten and day care center
Get PDFapplication/pdfJournal Article今後の就学前保育・教育施設の在り方を考えていく際、以下の内容について、子どもの就園を考えている保護者を対象に総合的に調査する必要があると考える。 調査内容;・保護者は認定こども園の創設に対してどう感じているのか- そのメリットは何だと思っているか。・彼らは幼稚園や保育所（園）の入所基準に何を重視しているのか。 本研究は、地域子育て支援拠点事業利用保護者を対象にこの課題に関するアンケート調査し、今後の就学前保育・教育施設の在り方について考えていく。 回答者の過半数が「新認定こども園」（以下、新こども園）をつくることに肯定的であった。「新こども園」は、保育所（園）や幼稚園に比べ、対象とする子どもは家庭の状況や年齢で限定されておらず、施設そのものが就学前すべての子どもを対象としている点も重要である。その意味で、「教育」「子育て支援」を充実させた「新こども園」をつくる必要がある。特に、「子育て支援」は重要である。園に求める項目において、幼稚園希望者であっても保育所（園）希望者であっても、明らかに「子育て支援」は高くなっている。彼らへの保育・子育て支援サービス提供のあり方を考えていく必要があると思われる。When considering the state of the child care and the educational facilities before the future school,we think it’s necessary to investigate overall about the following contents targeted for the parents whoconsider child’s entering kindergarten and etc., .The investigation contents;·How arents feels to foundation in new "Center for Early ChildhoodEducation and Care" - what whether you think its merit is-? ·What do they emphasize in he enteringstandard of the kindergarten and the day care center?This research would like to investigate consciousness about this problem targeted for parents as RegionalChild-rearing Center User and think about the child care and the educational facilities before Elementaryschool.It was affirmative in the respondent's majority's making "the Center for Early Childhood Education andCare" with main investigation. "the Center for Early Childhood Education and Care" isn't limited to thechild who makes the subject by the situation of the home and the age compared with a Day Care Centerand a Kindergarten, and it is important that their facilities, make all children before entering Elementaryschool. It's necessary to make the "the Center for Early Childhood Education and Care" which made"education" "child rearing support" enrich with its meaning. In particular, "child rearing support" isimportant. Even if even a kindergarten applicant is a Day Care Center applicant in the item facilities find,"child rearing support" becomes expensive clearly. It seems necessary to be considering the state of themand the child rearing support service offer.journal articl
A Study note for understand The culture and its background of Tianjin(3)
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The efficacy of snow room (yukimuro) storage for the preservation of buckwheat grain
Get PDFapplication/pdfJournal Article雪室貯蔵は雪を冷却源として食品の保存に用いる貯蔵方法であり、豪雪地域を中心に古くから行われている。この雪室貯蔵は二酸化炭素を排泄しない冷却方法として見直されつつあり、近年ではまたその優れた品質保持効果と食味向上効果に注目した取り組みがなされている。本研究では、夏期の高温による品質低下が大きいソバを試料とし、その品質保持における雪室貯蔵の効果を検証した。収穫直後の玄ソバを常温、冷蔵庫、雪室のそれぞれの条件で2.5 ヶ月、5 ヶ月、7.5 ヶ月間貯蔵し、貯蔵条件の違いが脂質過酸化と香気成分の保持に及ぼす影響を検討した。その結果、5 ヶ月までの貯蔵では、常温貯蔵した玄ソバと比較した場合、冷蔵貯蔵では過酸化脂質の生成が抑制されるとともに、多くの香気成分が残存しており、雪室貯蔵では、冷蔵保存と比較してもさらに良好な成績を示した。製麺したそばの官能評価では、常温貯蔵のそばと雪室貯蔵のそばは3 点識別法で有意に識別されており、また5 点評価法では有意差はみられなかったものの、雪室貯蔵で好まれる傾向が示された。香気成分の保持に関するモデル実験では、疑似雪室で保存した試料は常温保存および冷蔵保存と比較して、高級脂肪族アルコールを中心に多くの香気成分を保持していたが、不快臭の原因となる短鎖アルデヒド類に対する保持効果はみられなかった。これらの結果から、ソバの雪室貯蔵はその品質と香気成分を保持する上で有効であることが示され、またこの効果は低温のみならず高湿度の条件が寄与していることが示唆された。“Yukimuro (i.e., snow room)” storage is an old-fashioned food preservation method in heavy snowfall areas of Japan. Yukimuro uses a room filled with snow for the cooling system without external energy source and so that contributes to reduce emissions of CO2. Additionally, high-humid and lowtemperature conditions (nearly 100% and 0˚C, respectively) in the yukimuro enable to keep vegetables fresh for a long time, or rather, improve the quality by increasing the taste and flavor components. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of the yukimuro storage for the preservation of buckwheat grain, which is easy to diminish the quality during the storage under high temperature. In the study,buckwheat grains were immediately stored after the harvest under different three conditions: at room temperature, refrigerator, and Yukimuro storages, for 2.5, 5, and 7 months. At each end of the storage periods, samples were pulled out and provided for analyses of the quality evaluation. At both 2.5 and 5 months periods, the samples stored in yukimuro showed lower lipid peroxidation index and retained high amount of flavor components than those stored at room temperature or in the refrigerator. By organoleptic evaluation, it was confirmed that the noodle prepared from buckwheat grains stored in the yukimuro is significantly distinguishable from that prepared from buckwheat grains stored at room temperature. Furthermore, a model experiment using a low-temperature chamber filled with crushed ice and starch that added 12 flavor components of buckwheat demonstrated that the high-humid and lowtemperature conditions in yukimuro could retain higher fatty alcohols, but not undesirable off-flavor aldehydes. These results indicate that yukimuro storage is effective to keep the quality and flavor of buckwheat grain, and that results from the conditions of both cold and high humidity in the yukimuro.journal articl
The lay theories of hikikomori in undergraduate students
Get PDFapplication/pdfJournal Article本研究では、わが国で重大な社会問題となっている「ひきこもり」のしろうと理論の構造を明らかにすることを目的として、大学生46 名を対象に文章完成法を用いて自由記述データを収集し、KJ 法およびテキストマイニングの手法を用いて内容の分析を行った。分析の結果、ひきこもりの「原因」や「状態」に関する記述の出現頻度が相対的に高く、いずれもひきこもりに関するしろうと理論の重要な構成要素であると考えられた。また、これと同時に、ひきこもりに対する「支援の必要性」や「ポジティブな意味づけ」、あるいはひきこもりを「誰にでも起こりうる身近な問題」としてとらえるといった記述が多くみられるなど、ひきこもりに対する共感的・肯定的なイメージも認められた。さらに、本研究においては、ひきこもりという単語から家族や非現実的世界（インターネットやゲーム）に関連するイメージが想起されやすいことも示唆された。本研究の結果は、ひきこもり支援に関連した一般地域住民への普及啓発のあり方について、重要な示唆を提供し得るものであると考えられた。The present study examined the lay theories of hikikomori (acute social withdrawal). The participants were 46 undergraduate students (5 males and 41 females) who consented to participate in the study; a total of 80 students were asked to participate (57.5% participation). The self-reporting questionnaire was designed to obtain the text data of hikikomori using SCT method. The text data was analyzed using the KJ method and a text mining method. The results showed that participants mainly mentioned the causes of hikikomori, conditions of hikikomori, and supports for individual and family suffering from hikikomori. In addition, participants also mentioned the image that the people who had experienced hikikomori tended to get into the Internet or online-games. Despite some limitations, the findings of this study contribute to the useful information available on countermeasures against hikikomori in Japanese people.journal articl