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A Consideration of the Secrets of the German Economy’s Strength : A Focus on the German Production Network in Central Europe
Get PDFapplication/pdfThis paper considers secrets of the German economy’s strength, focusing on the close relationship which Germany constructed with Central Europe after the system change. The paper examines the process by which Germany has deepened its economic relationship with the Visegrad countries from outward processing traffic to foreign direct investment. Offshoring has affected domestic labor - management relations causing weaker workers’ bargaining power and a relative decrease in wage levels. This is one of factors which has contributed to Germany’s higher competitiveness.journal articl
A Lesson Plan of Korean History for KFL Learners
Get PDFapplication/pdfThis paper aims to propose a Lesson Plan of Korean History for KFL Learners who are interested in Korean and Korean culture as foreigners and broaden their background knowledge of Korean Studies. The number of learners who learn Korean as a foreign language has increased steadily in recent years. As a result, motivation and learning contents and methods of learners are also diversified. Korean history lessons should be composed and presented with contents and methods that meet the various needs of these learners. In this paper, I would like to suggest the goals and contents composition and teaching methods of Korean history lesson based on the Intercultural understanding.journal articl
An Exploratory Study on Physiological Evaluation by Paired Comparison Test and Heart Rate Variability : Effects of Chromatic Lights on Females
Get PDFapplication/pdfThe popularization of LEDs and the development of the control technology of these lights provides chromatic lights such as a red, blue, green. The chromatic lights are expected from the psychology and the physiological effect of color. And it is predicted that chromatic lights can be innovated positively into a life space. This research about the image of chromatic lights, is examined using heart rate variability and psychological methodology, i.e., paired comparison tests. The subjects of the paired comparison test were 19 healthy participants (age 22.5±6.6 years old). The subjects of heart rate variability were 6 healthy participants (age 21.5±1.1 years old). We examined them from two viewpoints: 1.) In the results of the paired comparison test, the scores for white-ice, yellow and green demonstrated greater scores compared with the other. The scores for green, red and pink decreased to lower values compared with the other. 2.) In the results of heart rate variability, the mean values of HF of green demonstrated greater values compared with the other. The mean values of HF of red, white-ice and yellow decreased to lower values compared with the other. As a result, it was found that the effects of chromatic light on males and female are
different.journal articl
Administration of constituent amino acids of type I collagen stimulates collagen-induced arthritis in DBA/1J mice.
Get PDFapplication/pdfJournal Article関節リウマチを含む関節炎の症状改善を目的にコラーゲンペプチドが用いられているが、その有効性については未だ明確にされていない。消化されたコラーゲンペプチドの一部はペプチド態のまま血中に移行することから、本研究では、コラーゲン誘導性関節炎モデルであるDBA/1J マウスにニワトリI 型コラーゲン由来のコラーゲンペプチドあるいはそれと同組成のアミノ酸を摂取させて比較検討することにより、ペプチド態としてのコラーゲンペプチドの有効性を検討した。1日あたり100 mg のI 型コラーゲンペプチドあるいはそれと同じ組成のアミノ酸を経口投与することにより、関節での炎症がより強く生じた。関節炎スコア評価ではコラーゲンペプチドの関節炎軽減作用はみられず、関節軟骨におけるマトリックスメタロプロテアーゼ3（MMP3）遺伝子発現量の比較でもコラーゲンペプチド投与による有意な変化はみられなかった。一方、アミノ酸投与群では比較的早期から関節炎を発症した上に、マトリックス分解酵素であるMMP13 の発現量が有意に増加しており、コラーゲンペプチドと同組成のアミノ酸の投与により重症化する可能性が示唆された。I 型コラーゲンペプチド配合の健康食品は多く販売されているが、場合によってはその摂取が逆効果となる可能性があり、注意が必要であるものと考えられる。Supplementation of gelatin or collagen peptides has been used to reduce the symptoms of inflammatory arthritis including rheumatoid arthritis, but the efficacy remains uncertain. It is known that ingested collagen peptides are absorbed partly in the form of bioactive peptides. In the present study, we investigated whether the effects of collagen peptide on inflammatory arthritis are due to its bioactive peptide in comparison with its constituent amino acids using DBA/1J mice. Unexpectedly, administration of daily 100 mg of collagen peptide derived from chicken type I collagen (i.e., collagen peptide group) or its constituent amino acids (i.e., amino acid group) rather stimulated collagen-induced arthritis in the DBA/1J mice. No significant difference was observed between amino acid and collagen peptide groups regarding either arthritis score or gene expression of matrix metalloprotease 3 (MMP3), a marker of synovial inflammation. Further, mice in the amino acid group developed arthritis relatively early stage and showed significantly higher expression of MMP13 as compared to those in other group mice, indicating administration of collagen-constituent amino acids possibly promoted the onset of arthritis inflammation in the DBA/1J mice. Many supplements contain gelatin or collagen peptide derived from type I collagen. These results raise a possibility that type I collagen peptide or its constituent amino acid may worsen inflammatory arthritis under some conditions.journal articl
The current state of the use of regional child care support services in the declining birthrate region : Focusing on the relationship between municipalities A and the characteristics of the characteristics of people raising children
Get PDFapplication/pdfJournal Article本研究では、少子地域で子育てをする人たちの特性とそれがサービス利用に与える影響及び地域特性に応じた地域子育て支援サービスのあり方について明らかにすることを目的としている。地域子育て支援サービスとして「親子の交流の場」「子育て相談」「一時預かり」を取り上げている。これらの3 サービスを取り上げたのは、①対象やニーズが限定されていないサービスであること、②子ども・子育て支援法に基づく地域子ども・子育て支援事業で取り組まれている箇所が多い（多くの自治体で取り組まれている）からである。研究方法は、年少人口割合が対象県内の平均値以下であるA 自治体内のサービス利用対象となる子育て中の親に対してアンケート調査を行った。結果、地域子育て支援サービスには、「親子の交流の場」のようにサービスが持つ特性と利用者特性が深く関係してくるものがあることが明らかになった。このことが少子地域であるために生じているかどうかまで分析することはできなかったものの、地域における子育て家庭数の減少が、子育て特性を際立たせている可能性があり、今後の検討課題として示された。The goal of this study is to clarify the characteristics of people raising children in areas with low birth rates,the impact of this on service usage, as well as the state of regional child care support services corresponding to regional characteristics. The regional child care support services examined were, "places for parent-child interaction", "parenting consultations", and "short-term childcare". The reasons for choosing these three services are ① they are services for which the target users and needs are not limited, ② there are many places where, based on the Child / Child Care Support Law, there are many regional child and child care support projects underway (many local governments are tackling them.) The research method was to conduct a survey of parents currently raising children, who are the targets of such services within municipality A, which has a child population ratio below the average for its prefecture. The results showed that with regional child care support services, there is a strong relationship between the characteristics of the service and the characteristics of its users. It also became clear that it is necessary to develop services based on "regional childcare characteristics," i.e. the characteristics of the child-rearing stratum within the region. Although we could not analyze whether this is occurring because it is a region with a low birth rate, it is possible that the decrease in the number of parenting families in the area causes the child rearing characteristics to stand out. This was presented as a topic for future study.journal articl
Teaching Adopted and Foster Children : Issues for Teachers and Teacher Trainers
Get PDFapplication/pdfIn Japan, many adopted and foster children have been integrated into the regular school system, but many teachers may not know such children are even in their classes. Thus, some of the activities that they use in class may not be appropriate for such children, because they serve as reminders that these children are not living with their biological parents and may have little knowledge about their early histories. In this paper, I highlight the numbers of such children, social and emotional issues, they face, problems that might occur during their schooling, and how much problems could be overcome.journal articl
Individual characteristics, behavioral biases, and attitudes toward immigration:Evidence from a survey in Japan
Get PDFapplication/pdfTechnical ReportThis study examines individual attitudes toward immigration jointly with their trade policy preferences based on a survey of more than 10,000 respondents in Japan. Our bivariate probit estimation results show that people influenced by status-quo bias or risk aversion tend to have significantly lower probability of supporting both immigration and import liberalization.Anti-immigration individuals tend to have pessimistic views of the national economy’s prospects and no personal acquaintance with foreigners. These findings suggest that wide-ranging measures are required for expanding support for immigration. In addition, we confirm the effects of standard variables, such as education and occupation.technical repor
The Last Button : A Story of an Operator of Chernobyl : Aleksei Breus
Get PDFapplication/pdf本稿に掲載の論述は、原著者Алексей Бреус原題《ПОСЛЕДНЯЯ КНОПКА》原副題《Слово о че рнобыльских операторах》を、第一筆者である坂井が、第二筆者である山中の依頼に応じ、ロシア語から日本語に訳出したものである.journal articl