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INDONESIA DALAM BELITAN KEJAHATAN LINTAS NEGARA : Kasus Perdagangan Orang pada Pekerja Migran
No full textRapid growth oftransnational crimes are considered as one serious threat to global security particularly in Indonesia Indonesia stillfaces complex problems in many issues oftransnational crimes In this case traffickingin persons is one ofcurrent issues which related with international migration Many factors contribute to the complexity and growingfast Even though Indonesia plays an active role in the international bilateral and regionalcooperation in the prevention and handling of transnational crimes Indonesian foreign affairs still faces manydifficulties to reduce that trafficking in person
POLITIK LUAR NEGERI INDONESIA DAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP
No full textEnvironmental issue has become an important topic in today s internationalpolitical dynamics Environmentaldegradation cause byphenomenon ofglobal warming and climate change has become a serious globalproblem Inthe future the continuing of the problems may befar reaching impact on sustainability of the lives and survivalofall people in the world Therefore the environment issues is supposed to be reflected in state policy which noexception in Indonesia sforeign policy International cooperation is a rational solutionforfinding the way out oftheexisting environmentalproblems In the terms of cooperation states which represented by government is not only thedriving actors in the stage but there are other actors such as NGOs international organizations and multinationalcompanies MNCs that take part in managing the environmental crisis This study examines Indonesian foreignpolicy in addressing environmental issues especially global warming and climate change This studyfocuses itstime limitfrom 1972 until 2009 This study is qualitative research with its data is obtained through literature andfield research The result ofthis study shows that although Indonesian government shows its commitment to environmental issues in theforeignpolicy this study underlines the contradiction between rhetoric and implementationThis contradiction reflects dilemma ofrealism and idealism in Indonesiaforeign polic
ANALISIS PRODUKTIVITAS, BIAYA OPERASI DAN PAMADATAN TANAH PADA PENYARADAN TRAKTOR VALMET FORWARDER 890.3 DI AREAL HTI PROVINSI RIAU
No full textThe analisys of wood extraction using a Valmet forwarder tractor was carried out at industrial plantation forest PT. RAPP in Rian Province. The objective was to investigate productivity, operational cost, and soil compaction.
The results showed that extraction productivity was 22,43 m³/hours. Average cost extraction average was Rp 20.935,-/m². Soil compaction was observed to be minor.
 
SIFAT KIMIA DAN KUALITAS ARANG LIMA JENIS KAYU ASAL KALIMANTAN BARAT
No full textVarious wood producing tree species grows in large forest area of Indonesia. Wood could be used for variousproducts such as furniture, crafts, building constructions and other products like charcoals. Utilization of productsis also generaly associated with physical, chemical, anatomy and mechanics characteristic of wood. This research aimsto determine chemical and extractive composition of five lesser-known wood species from West Kalimantan, namelykumpang, bengkulung, sawang, kempili and ubar wood, and their influences on charcoal properties produced fromcorresponding wood types. The chemical and extractive components of the five wood types were analyzed accordingto the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) method. Each wood species was heated into charcoal through pyrolysismethod with a temperature of 500°C for 4 hours. Results show that the cellulose, pentosan, lignin of these five woodspecies are 51.53−61.16%; 13.93−17.67%; and 26.55−38.46% respectively. The solubility in cold water, hotwater, NaOH 1% and alcohol-benzene are ranged from 0.632−2.640%; 3.28−8.41%; 10.41−19.01%; and3.38−4.3% respectively. Water, ash and silica contents from these woods are respectively ranged from 7.97−9.97%;0.32−2.14%; and 0.21−0.68%. The charcoal products were obtained from five wood types generally have fulfilled theIndonesian National Standard (SNI) requirements with the value of water, ash, volatile matter and carbon contentsare ranged from 0.01−0.69%; 0.59−5.40; 13.95−26.15%; and 73.05−84% respectively. The best quality ofcharcoal was obtained from kumpang wood charcoal
KARAKTERISTIK MADU LEBAH HUTAN (Apis dorsata Fabr.) DARI BERBAGAI BIOREGION DI RIAU
No full textCharacteristics of Apis dorsata`s forest honey from bioregions of Riau have not been studied intensively. Thisresearch is aiming to provide characteristic information on honey from bioregions of Riau based on SNI 8664-2018.The study was conducted in September to November 2015. Honey samples were collected from eight districts of sixbioregions in Riau Province, i.e Bengkalis and Selat Panjang (downstream), Kampar (mineral forest), Pelalawan(peat swamp forest), Rokan Hilir (river bank), Siak (Acacia plantation forest), and Kuansing (oil palm and rubberplantation). Samples of each bioregion were analyzed based on SNI 8664-2018 procedures. Results show that wildhoney characteristics were not significantly different among bioregions for almost all parameters in SNI 8664-2018.However, the diastase enzyme parameter in honey taken from Pelalawan was the only parameter that had significantvalue. In addition, the parameter of water content and reducing sugar content were only two parameters that did notmeet the SNI 8664-2018 requirements. Meanwhile, the type and size of pollen could be used for determining the originof honey between Riau bioregions
KUALITAS BRIKET LIMBAH TEBANGAN KAYU GALAM SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI ALTERNATIF
No full textLeft over wood felling waste is an alternative sourcse for energy from forest biomass. This research is aiming tostudy the quality of briquettes made of left over galam wood felling as alternative energy raw material. Left overgalam wastes is in the form of stems, twigs, leaves, and bark of galam. The waste was burned into charcoal and grindthem into charcoal powder and formed into briquettes using a hydraulic press. The briquetting process wasconductedusing two variations in pressure and the percentage amount of adhesive mixed. The charcoal briquettes produced werethen analyzed for quality and it was compared to the Indonesian standards (SNI 01-6235-2000) and other qualitystandards for commercial briquettes. Results showed the calorific value at briquettes from stem, twigs, leaves and galambark between 5139.01–6948.50 cal/g, moisture content 3.91–24.45%, ash content 3.08–12.49%, and volatilematter 23.91–37.54%. In general the quality of galam wood briquettes shows a high heating value, so that it could beused as a new biomass-based alternative energy
HONEYCOMBING AND DEFORMATION OF SIX WOOD SPECIES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH SEVERAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
No full textIt is presumed that the wood susceptibility to drying defects is related to several physical properties. This paper examines the drying defects: honeycombing and deformation of six wood species (trema, fast growing teak, bayur, jabon, angsana and lamtoro) during high temperature drying and analyses their relationship with initial moisture content, T/R shrinkage ratio and density. Terazawa method was used to examine the defect during high temperature drying. Result shows that after high temperature drying, lamtoro suffers the worst honeycombing (level 4-6), and fast growing teak deforms severely (level 4-6). Regression analysis shows multiple regression models using all physical properties as predictors provides better estimation on deformation and honeycombing than single-predictor regression models. The multiple regression model for each defect could explain 57.52% and 39.46% of variation in deformation and honeycombing, respectively
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN PERALATAN PEMANENAN KAYU: STUDI KASUS DI PT. SURYA HUTANI JAYA, KALIMANTAN TIMUR
No full textProper quantity of equipments in timber harvesting should be well planned and managed to obtain efficient time and cost of production. This paper study the proper quantity of timber harvesting equipment in accord with production target. The study was conducted in 2010 at PT Surya Hutani Jaya, East Kalimantan. Data collected from the field consisted of equipment productivities, owners and operating costs, number of equipments, and production plan. The collected data were then averaged, and the effects of equipments on productivity and production cost were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results reveal that there are excessive and shortage uses of equipments in felling to hauling activities, according to the production plan. The most efficient wood harvesting equipments composition for the correlated production consist of 21 units chainsaws for felling, 9 units excavators for skidding, 10 units loaders, 2 units excavator for unloading and 31 units trucks for hauling. The number of timber harvesting equipments has significant influences on harvesting productivity and production cost
KUALITAS POLITUR ORGANIK DARI EKSTRAK KAYU JATI DAN SIRLAK
No full textCurrently, commercial wood finish products are predominantly chemical solvent-based, such as melamine formaldehyde and nitrocelulose. Although these products give desirable quality, durable and affordable cost, their volatile organic compounds are detrimental to the environmental and harmful to the health. This paper studies the use of teak extract mixed with shellac as alternative top coat or wood stain. Quality of the alternative formula was tested on tusam and rubber wood by assessing their physical, mechanical and chemical performances in comparison with the commercial products, i.e. melamine formaldehyde (MF) and nitrocellulose (NS). Samples of two wood species were treated by dipping them in various wood finishing solutions. Weight and dimensional changes due to the treatment were determined in wet and dry sample conditions. Results showed that weight and dimensional gains due to dipping treatment were varied according to wood species, grain orientation and finishing solution. Tusam samples possed greater weight and dimensional gains than those of rubber wood samples. All organic finishing formulas were able to protect wood from water intrution, however they were less effective than the commercial MF and NS. Top coat made from the mixture of teak extract and shellac has lower scratch resistance and less resistant against chemical liquids than the commercial MF and NS. Wood stain of teak extract and shellac mixture provided better color value than the commercial wood stain in term of color likeness to the true teak
KARAKTERISTIK EK TRAK KULIT KAYU MAHONI SEBAGAI BAHAN PEREKAT KAYU
No full textCurrenty, raw and supporting materials for adhesives industry such as NaOH, NH OH and methanol are available 4 in the domestic market, while raw material such as phenol and resorcinol derived from petroleum are reduced significantly, then, the use of raw material from other natural resources, like tannins derived from the tree bark is potentially developed. This paper explores and characterizes adhesive raw materials from mahogany bark (Swietenia mahagoni Jacq.) as phenolic source and tapioca as a source of carbohydrates. This paper also studies the copolymerization reaction between mahogany tannin extract with formaldehyde, as well as their mixtures with tapioca for adhesive application and its gluing quality. Pieces of mahogany barks were cut into chips measuring of approximately 2 x 1 x 0.1 cm, then soaked in o an extractor containing of hot water (70-80 C) with a ratio of bark chips : water = 1: 3. Extraction was undergone for three hours with continuous stirring before the mixture was cooled and filtered. The chip bark residue was repeatedly extracted using the same procedure for the second cycle. The obtained filtrates were then mixed with the first one and divided into two parts: crystallized in a water bath and the other part was used for adhesive manufacture. The results showeed that tannin extracted from the bark of mahogany was a dark reddish brown in colour similar with that of phenolic compounds with viscosity of 1.04 poise, specific gravity of 1.02 and the degree of acidity (pH) of 4.0. Extraction of mahogany bark yielded 8.10 % extract, with an average solid content of 2.01%, phenolic compounds level of 6,9%, and distribution of molecular weights ranging from 44-658. The optimum adhesive formulation of the extract mahogany bark was the mixture using of 0.25 mol of technical resorcinol with 15% tapioca, 1 mol technical formalin and 4% catalyst (NaOH 40%) of the total adhesive weight