Open Journal System Universiti Malaysia Kelantan
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Inhibition of human platelet aggregation by Choisyaternatine isolated from Choisya ternata (Rutaceae)
No full textA newly reported alkaloid was isolated from the hexane extract of Choisya ternata Kunth. (Rutaceae) leaves, identified as 6,8-Dimethoxy-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyloxy)quinolin-2-ol (choisyaternatine) (A), together with the known compounds skimmianine (B), lup-20(29)-en-3?-ol (lupeol) (C) and tecleamaniensine A (D). Compounds C and D are reported for the first time in this species. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses and comparison with previously reported spectroscopic data. The structure of choisyaternatine was further confirmed based on X-ray data analysis. Anti-platelet activity of hexane extract, choisyaternatine and skimmianine was also evaluated. The extract was able to significantly inhibit collagen-induced platelet aggregation at all concentrations tested (25, 50 and 100 µg/ml). The new compound, choisyaternatine, has shown a significant inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation demonstrated in a concentration dependent manner from 250 µM. The concentrations which inhibit 50% of platelet aggregation (IC50) were found to be 564 µM for skimmianine and 698 µM for choisyaternatine. This is also the first report for the antiplatelet activity for this plant and these alkaloids using human platelets
Coronaviruses of the veterinary and socio-economic importance: Classification, pathogenicity, transmission, and evolution of the coronaviruses
No full textMost of the coronaviruses are known because they are pathogens of veterinary and economic importance or of social importance. The current knowledge on the origin, diversity, evolution of coronaviruses, as well as treatment and prevention strategies, and their impact on animal industries are discussed in this paper. The contribution factors for the outbreak of pathogenic coronaviruses and the potential of spill over of zoonotic coronaviruses to humans are also highlighted in this review paper
The effect of ratio between Tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus) and Otoshimi on properties of sago fish crackers
No full textFish crackers are deep fried crackers normally made using fish and starch, and is a well known snack in South East Asia. Formulation of the fish crackers plays an important role not just in the quality of the product, but also for branding. In this study, fish formulation using tilapia and otoshimi was used which was added with sago as the starch base. A tilapia-based formulation of 1:1 with Sago showed good puffing with the highest expansion percentage at 4.21±0.66 and lowered hardness (2832.0±437.97 N/cm2) compared to the other formulations. Meanwhile, although increase expansion was associated with increase oil absorption, the 1:1 ratio of tilapia to sago had lower oil absorption percentage (4.20±0.86) compared to increasing sago in the formulation (1:1:4, Tilapia, Otoshimi, Sago which had oil absorption percentage of 6.53±3.22 %, and 1:0:2 which had oil absorption percentage of 5.50±1.37). Although the overall quality does not reflect a good quality cracker, it was interesting to note that tilapia alone with sago showed better expansion, low oil absorption and reduce hardness
Molecular identifications of land snails (Gastropoda) and determination of its associated parasites
No full textFreshwater snail is known to be an intermediate host for parasites. However, little is known on terrestrial snails whether they can become host for any parasites as well. The identification of the land snails also need confirmation as there are disagreements on the classification result of land snail species. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of snail parasites in livestock and poultry farms from Penang and Kedah, Malaysia. Identification of the snail species was conducted based on the morphological features and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene analysis. Out of 105 individual snails collected, four species were found in this study with the highest prevalence of 47.62% (50/105) snails identified as Physella acuta followed by Macrochlamys sp. with 31.4% (33/105). While 14.3% (15/105) were identified as Physella cubensis and the lowest prevalence was identified as Filopaludina sp. with 6.7% (7/105). Among these four species, only Physella acuta and Macrochlamys sp. were found to be infected with helminth parasites namely trematode and nematode. Macrochlamys sp. recorded the highest prevalence of parasitic infection with the prevalence of 87.9%. Besides, there are 134 of endoparasite and 36 of ectoparasite found in this study namely, Barchylaima fuscatum (helminth), 3 unknown nematode, and 36 Riccardoella limacum or slug mite which was found on the surface and in the mantle cavity of the snails
Translation of Masdar in Riyad Al-Salihin Book
No full textAbstract
Translation is the process of switching source languages into target language that have specific methods to ensure that the target language user can understand the translated text. This research is about the translation of masdar in chapter of manners in Riyad al-Salihin book. It it because most of hadith translations are discussed as a whole complete text without focusing on a certain language component. The translation of masdar in the hadith is less discussed although the style of the language used has its own aesthetic value and using certain methods. The situation might cause confusion among society, especially for students, in understanding masdar situations in Arabic and its translation. The research objectives are to identify the masdar in Riyad al-Salihin and observe the equivalence meaning of it in Malay. Data collection for this qualitative study is through content analysis method based on Nida\u27s Dynamic Theory. 26 masdar in the book of manners in Riyad al-Salihin was selected as a corpus of studies and its function was analyzed. The results showed that masdar is translated into Malay in three forms, derived noun, verb and doers. Most masdar fit to be translated in the form of derived noun in Malay language. This study hopefully can explain more clearly about diversity translations of masdar and can be a guide in future masdar translation from Arabic to Malay.
ABSTRAK
Penterjemahan adalah proses peralihan bahasa sumber kepada bahasa sasaran yang mempunyai kaedah tertentu bagi menjamin hasil yang dapat difahami pengguna bahasa sasaran. Kajian ini membincangkan berkenaan terjemahan maṣdar dalam hadith kitab adab pada kitab Riyad al-Salihin. Hal ini berikutan kebanyakan terjemahan hadith biasanya dikaji dari aspek maksud menyeluruh tanpa memfokuskan komponen bahasa tertentu. Terjemahan maṣdar dalam hadith kurang dibincangkan meskipun gaya bahasa yang digunakan mempunyai kaedah dan nilai estetika tersendiri. Perkara ini sedikit sebanyak menimbulkan kekeliruan dalam kalangan masyarakat khususnya pelajar dalam memahami situasi maṣdardalam bahasa Arab dan terjemahannya. Justeru, kajian ini akan berfokuskan kepada satu komponen bahasa sahaja, iaitu maṣdar yang mana ia juga kerap digunakan dalam bahasa Arab selain kata kerja. Objektif kajian adalah untuk mengenal pasti terjemahan maṣdar yang digunakan dalam kitab Riyad al-Salihindan meneliti padanan maṣdar tersebut. Pengumpulan data bagi kajian kualitatif ini adalah melalui kaedah analisis kandungan berpandukan Teori Dinamis Nida. 26 maṣdar dalam kitab adab pada kitab Riyad al-Salihin dipilih sebagai korpus kajian dan dianalisis fungsinya. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa kata terbitan diterjemahkan ke dalam bahasa Melayu dalam tiga bentuk iaitu kata terbitan, kata nama pelaku dan kata kerja. Kebanyakan maṣdar sesuai diterjemah sebagai kata terbitan dalam bahasa Melayu. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat menerangkan dengan lebih jelas mengenai kepelbagaian terjemahan maṣdar serta dapat dijadikan panduan untuk menterjemah maṣdar dari bahasa Arab ke bahasa Melayu.
 
PENGUKURAN KETULENAN EMAS MENGGUNAKAN KAEDAH UJIAN TANPA MUSNAH: SUATU ULASAN PERBANDINGAN
No full textAbstrakPenentuan ketulenan jongkong emas dengan kaedah ujian tanpa musnah adalah perkara yang paling mencabar dalam industri emas terutama jika jongkong emas dipalsukan dengan cara meletakkan tungsten di dalamnya. Instrumen yang sedia ada mempunyai keterbatasan untuk menentukan ketulenan jongkong emas dan sukar untuk mengesan tungsten di dalamnya kerana tungsten mempunyai ketumpatan yang hampir sama dengan emas. Kajian ini mengemukakan keterbatasan instrumen kaedah ujian tanpa musnah seperti densimeter, alat timbangan, sinar-x pendarfluor dan ultrasonik. Dalam kajian ini menemui kesukaran untuk mengenal pasti emas palsu menggunakan instrumen kaedah ujian tanpa musnah seperti ultrasonik dan x-ray fluorescence (XRF) kerana instrumen ini mempunyai batasan. Setakat ini tiada lagi kajian yang berkaitan pemalsuan jongkong emas kerana harganya yang mahal untuk dijadikan sebagai sampel kajian. Masalah jongkong emas palsu dapat diselesaikan jika ketepatan instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur ketumpatan dapat ditingkatkan lagi sehingga 0.01 g/ml. Ini kerana perbezaan antara ketumpatan emas dan tungsten adalah 0.05 g/ml. Pemalsuan emas dengan mencampurkan tungsten akan dapat dikesan jika ada instrumen yang mempunyai ketepatan sekurang-kurangnya 0.01 g/ml. Manakala instrumen lain seperti XRF digunakan untuk mengesahkan ketulenan emas di bahagian permukaan sahaja. Oleh itu, bagi pengujian yang lebih menyeluruh masalah jongkong emas palsu ini perlu diselesaikan dengan menggabungkan kedua-dua kaedah ini.
Abstract
Determination of the gold bar purity by non-destructive method remains one of the most challenging in gold industry especially when the tungsten is inside the gold bar. The existing instruments have limitations in their accuracy to determine the purity of gold when tungsten also inside the gold bar since both tungsten and gold have almost similar densities. This study presents the limitations of the non-destructive test method instruments such as densimeter, weighing balance, x-ray fluorescence (XRF) and ultrasonic in determining the purity of gold. In this study found the difficulty in identifying counterfeit gold using non-destructive test method instruments such as ultrasonic and XRF due to some limitations. So far, there are no studies related to the counterfeiting of gold bars due to its expensive price to be used as a study sample. The problem of counterfeit gold bars can be solved if the accuracy of the instrument used to measure the density can be further increased up to 0.01 g/ml. This is because the difference between the density of gold and tungsten is 0.05 g/ml. Gold counterfeiting by mixing tungsten will be detectable if there is an instrument that has an accuracy of at least 0.01 g/ml. While other instruments such as XRF will be used to verify the purity of gold on the surface only. Therefore, for more thorough testing the problem of fake gold ingots needs to be solved by combining these two methods
Sustainable Government Policy: A Catalyst for Sustainable Incubator Performance
No full textOne of the policy tools that a government uses to actualize entrepreneurship development is the business incubation program. These government policies come in several forms: fiscal, financial, as well as developmental. The business incubation program has been acknowledged as an instrument to achieve economic development, hence, the adoption of the concept by various nations. Studies have been advanced concerning business incubation performance, however, empirical scholarly works have shown that such studies have been inconclusive for the reason that results of empirically validated studies were inconsistent. The key objective of this study is to examine the contribution of government policies in the relationship between the critical success factors (CSFs) and the incubator performance. The study involves a data collection process of tenant firms of the Nigerian business incubation program using a population of 253 and a sample size of 153 for questionnaire administration and a focus group interview comprising of 10 respondents, which cut across both tenant firms and incubator managers. The results show that the independent variables and the moderator are indeed predictors of the criterion variable. As the predictors contributed merely 29.4% of the criterion variable, future studies may perhaps examine other critical factors alongside the extant constructs, which may contribute further to incubator performance
The Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Marginalized Youth Communities in Malaysia: Key Issues
No full textThis article presents youths’ opinions on the positive or negative Coronavirus (COVID-19) impacts from economic and daily routine perspectives. Interview sessions were conducted to determine the intricacies encountered by Malaysian youth communities. Although adverse effects involving unemployment denoted the key issue of local youth communities, positive counterparts were equally identified. For example, youths strived to venture into novel fields (online businesses and food delivery services) following new social norms. Predictably, this study would increase policymakers’ awareness in determining the positive and negative influences faced by marginalised youths during the COVID-19 health crisis
Will Bulgaria\u27s Path to Eurozone Derail? A comparison with Argentina
No full textIn the wake of the prospects of Bulgaria joining the Euro area and the recent Eurozone crisis, it is pertinent to find out how parallel are the circumstances faced by the recent Bulgaria with the conditions of the then Argentina whose currency board had to be abandoned. In a nutshell, this paper compares Bulgaria in 2000-20101 to Argentina in 1991-2001, the period of the Argentine convertibility system. The dimensions explored are (1) adherence to currency board principles, (2) performance indicators associated with exchange rate fixity, and (3) conformity to the criteria inspired by the optimum currency areas (OCA) theory. Raw data are sourced from credible international organizations while computed data are analyzed using charts. On the whole, Bulgaria does bear a resemblance to Argentina and this poses a hindrance to the sustainability of its currency board system and to its hope for Eurozone accession
The Long-run Relationship between Islamic Stock Market and Macroeconomic Variables
No full textThis study examined the long-run relationship between Islamic stock market and macroeconomic variables in Malaysia. The augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) tests and autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) were employed to analyse the stationary of data collected and determine the long-run relationship in the research model. The monthly data from January 2008 to September 2015 were collected from Datastream. The results revealed that there was a significant relationship for the long-run relationship between Islamic stock market and macroeconomic variables namely inflation and interest rate. The findings concluded that macroeconomic variables had a greater effect and they were inversely related to Islamic stock market. These findings may suggest policies that are controlled by macroeconomic variables such as inflation and interest rate in enhancing the Islamic stock market in Malaysia