Open Journal System Universiti Malaysia Kelantan
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Stakeholders’ Perceptions on Alternative Money Creation for the Commercial Banks’ Money Lending Activities in Malaysia
No full textThis study aims to explore the perception of stakeholders on alternative money creation for the commercial banks’ money lending activities in Malaysia. Phenomenological approach has been employed to explore the perceptions of stakeholders through sharing of their experiences. A semi-structured interview approach has been used to collect the data. Ten individuals from different stakeholder groups have been interviewed with their prior consent. This research has uncovered respondents’ opinions on possible alternative money creation for the commercial banks’ money lending activity. Respondents suggested two proposals. A few respondents have the opinion that fiat money should be removed from the monetary system and money backed by real assets like gold and silver should be issued and controlled only by Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM). Along with the above alternative, other respondents highlight that the accounting entry for commercial banks’ money lending needs should be similar to the accounting entry of non-bank or trading institutions. Hence, the scope of commercial banks to create money in the lending system will be reduced. This study contributes to the current literature as it helps to answer this mystery that as long as Central bank can control the money lending activity of commercial banks through its various mechanisms, money creation is not a big issue but rather quality of finance is the matter of concern. In view of the scarcity of literature on this research matter, this research can become the basis of essential study for future research. In addition, future studies can look at views of the key regulator (e.g. BNM) on this research issue along with the other respondents’ arguments
Resumption of postpartum ovarian cyclicity in winter-lambing Lohi sheep (Ovis aries)
No full textThe postpartum ovarian cyclicity which is associated with uterine involution has significant importance in fertility of sheep. The study was conducted to estimate the postpartum resumption of ovarian cyclicity in Lohi sheep during winter lambing season. Twelve pregnant ewes were selected. The commencement of ovarian cyclicity was investigated in postpartum ewes by estimating progesterone (P4) concentration in blood samples collected on weekly intervals starting from day of parturition till 12th week of postpartum. On the day of parturition, mean P4 concentration was 0.38 ± 0.08 ng / mL. After that, P4 level raised to 0.70 ± 0.13 and 0.83 ± 0.13 ng / mL during 1st and 2nd weeks respectively. During 3rd week, P4 concentration was 1.02 ± 0.18 ng / mL (ovulation). The peak P4 level during first estrous cycle was 3.02 ± 0.8 ng / mL and detected on 5th week. Second ovulation was observed during 6th week and again peak P4 concentration of 2nd cycle was found as 2.5 ± 0.64 ng / mL on 7th week. Based upon the hormonal profile, it was concluded that postpartum ovarian cyclicity resumed on 3rd week of postpartum in winter lambed Lohi sheep
Antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from different plant parts of Curcuma mangga Valeton and Zijp
No full textThe endophytic fungi isolated from different plant parts including leaf, stem and rhizome of Curcuma mangga were screened for antimicrobial activity by employing agar plug diffusion assay and disc diffusion assay for primary screening and secondary screening, respectively. A total of 127 endophytic fungi that were successfully isolated from various plant parts were cultured to examine their antimicrobial activities. Qualitative screening using agar plug diffusion assay revealed that 118 isolates (92.9%) showed antimicrobial activity against at least on one test microorganisms and suggested that the rhizome part exhibited the highest percentage of antiyeast (58.3%) and antifungal (91.7%) activities compared to leaf and stem parts. Quantitative screening using disc diffusion assay indicated that ethyl acetate extract from fermentative broth (extracellular compound) demonstrated better antimicrobial activity compared to methanol extract derived from fungal biomass (intracellular compound) against all the four classes of pathogenic microorganisms tested (Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, yeast and fungi). The future of endophytic fungus study is very promising as it possesses hidden potential to be developed as natural antimicrobial agent
Determination of microbiological quality of vegetables irrigated with Kano Abattoir wastewater
No full textMicrobiological contamination of vegetables occurs directly along the food chain resulting in a serious Health problem and consequently leading to death during the acute phase of the microbial infection. A total of 15 different samples were randomly purchased and analyzed for the presence of enteropathogenic organisms. Enumeration of aerobic mesophilic bacteria, fungi and coliform counts were carried out using standard procedures which is the use of most probable numbers (MPN). Isolation and identification of some pathogens was also carried out using standard procedures. The mean count of all the three (3) different samples (cucumber, tomato and lettuce) were exceeded the maximum acceptable limit (105cfu/g/ml) set by the Food and Agricultural Organizations (FAO). The highest mean count for both bacteria and fungi in all the 15 samples; cucumber with 1.52x105 cfu/g of bacteria and 1.01x105 cfu/g of fungi, tomato with 1.34x105 cfu/g of bacteria and 1.06x105 cfu/g of fungal, whereas, lettuce with 1.18x105 and 1.29x105 of bacteria and fungi respectively. Out of 15 different samples examined the occurrence of enteropathogenic organisms in all the sample were found to be 65% of cucumber while tomato had 60% followed by lettuce with 60%. This shows that cucumber samples are more contaminated due to the higher percentage of occurrence the enteropathogenic organisms in it. The results indicated that the vegetable samples examined in this study did not meet bacteriological quality standards. The implications of the results on human and environmental health are discussed
Funding Sustainability of Welfare Oriented Non-Governmental Organisations: A Brief Analysis
No full textToday’s economy reality in Malaysia causes lack of funding, which affects Non-Governmental Organisations (NGO). The impacts of lack in funding to NGO are including interruption of service provision, changes in objectives and priorities, enhanced donors’ influence and change in organisational culture. These issues which involved local NGOs who usually depend on donors to support their operation. This paper analyses six strategies; enhancing credibility and visibility, implementing cost-efficient measure, building organisational capacity, diversifying source of income, encouraging volunteerism, and formation of collaboration and coalition. Majority of these strategies had been put into practice, but they must be accessible for improvement to fit into welfare-oriented NGOs in Malaysian context. NGOs are increasingly adopting various strategies and the mentioned ones in this article are not an exhaustive list as they do provide an overview of viable strategies in which might influencing organisation’s capability in providing services as well as financial sustainability in the long run. These strategies could provide an initial description for policymakers, organisation leaders and social workers at management level to produce a viable strategy suitable with NGO’s needs towards achieving financial sustainability according to Malaysian context
Developing a Staff Development Framework for Nursing Homes in Malaysia: Content Analysis based on Expert Interviews
No full textThis paper aims to develop a Staff Development Framework for Nursing Homes (SDF- NH) to improve staff and organizational effectiveness in nursing homes in Malaysia. Expert Interviews with five nursing homes were conducted via purposive sampling and analyzed using Content Analysis. The results indicate that the SDF-NH integrates: (a) people, who are qualified staff, and the development of attitude, skills, knowledge (ASK), and performance for the effectiveness of service delivery; (b) program, which includes training and motivation, practical courses, and job rotation as training; (c) process, which is the strategy of continuous improvement of people and program in the nursing homes; (d) funds, which are government financial support to assist the NHs; and (e) rewards, which are one of the incentives to retain the staff\u27s services
The Influence of E-service Quality On Marketplace Platform Towards Customer Loyalty
No full textWith the increasing of online marketplaces, online platform must come out with the solutions or ways in order to engage their relationship with customer. Hence, this study aims to examine the roles of e-service quality of online platform in customer loyalty. Convenience sampling technique was used, and data were collected using questionnaires. A sample of 248 respondents among final year students of Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa were selected. From the obtained results, study showed that there is a significant relationship between independent variables; reliability and security in Shopee platform towards the customer loyalty, respectively. With this finding, it can help and provide the marketers in terms of e-service quality to develop the customer engagement for the sake of customer loyalty. Therefore, the sustainability of the business can be maintaine
Employee Motivation and its Role in Improving the Productivity and Organizational Commitment at Higher Education Institutions
No full textThis study investigates the impact of employee motivation on productivity and organizational commitment in the higher education sector. The data is collected using an online survey from 242 employees from public universities in northern Malaysia. During the analysis of the data, SPSS and structural equation modelling are used for generating the results. The findings show that employee motivation has a significant positive effect on employee productivity. Additionally, the effect of employee motivation on organizational commitment is positive and statistically significant. Finally, the results prove that organizational commitment has a significant positive effect on employee productivity. These results carry extreme significance to policy makers in the education sector with regards to the importance of employee motivation if they intend to enhance organizational productivity and competitiveness
Level of Entrepreneurship Competence and Readiness Among Medical Students in A Private University in Shah Alam, Malaysia
No full textEntrepreneurial competence are defined as individual characteristic such as knowledge, skills, motives, traits, social roles and self-images that can result in a new creature. Entrepreneurial readiness is defined as a readiness or preparedness of an individual in pursuing the business. Therefore, the aim of the study is to measure the level of entrepreneurial competence and entrepreneurial readiness among the medical students and its association with the sociodemographic factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 284 medical students at private university. The data was collected by self-administered questionnaire adopted from previous studies. A total of 95% of the respondents have a high level of entrepreneurial competence. For the entrepreneurial readiness, 17% of the respondents were not ready while 62% need to re-evaluate themselves before starting any entrepreneurial activity. Only 21% of the respondents are ready to start any entrepreneurial activity. The gender, age, family income and involvement in entrepreneurial projects are statistically significant to the level of Entrepreneurial Competence (p=0.01, p<0.001, p<0.001 and p= 0.01 respectively). The family background, marital status, age and involvement in entrepreneurial projects are statistically significant to the level of Entrepreneurial Readiness. (p= 0.02, p=0.01, p=0.01 and p<0.001 respectively). The level of entrepreneurial competence is mostly high among medical students but most of them are not ready or needs a re-evaluation before they could do any entrepreneurial activity. The age and involvement in the entrepreneurial projects were associated with level of the entrepreneurial competence and entrepreneurial readiness
The Influence of Customer Engagement on Emotion, Purchase Intention, and Positive User-generated Content (UGC) Spread on Instagram
No full textIn the past, cognitive was found to be the main factor that influences a person to conduct online purchases, but the scenario has changed. Hence, customers need more than cognitive elements to attract them to online transactions. Besides, emotion plays an important role in influencing customers’ online purchase behaviour, such as developing the intention to purchase and spread positive contents on the social network platform. Presently, Instagram is the most preferred platform among the young generation, and it has attracted many young women entrepreneurs (womenpreneurs) to be active on the platform. These womenpreneurs use Instagram not only to promote their brands and collections but they also fully utilise their personal accounts to stay connected with their followers. It is believed that customer engagement can touch one’s emotion and influence behaviour. In this study, data (N=153) were collected using the convenience sampling technique among the followers of Datin Vivy Sofinas and Neelofar Md. Noor. The outcome of SmartPLS3 shows that customer engagement affects arousal more than pleasure which that could increase the likelihood to purchase and spread positive user-generated content (UGC). Moreover, pleasure was found to have no significant relationship with UGC spread. Overall, this study had provided interesting findings that could impact the future of social network entrepreneurs