IRIS - UNIRSM (Univ. degli Studi della Repubblica di San Marino)
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The past, present and future of open innovation
No full textPurpose - Through a comprehensive review of the literature on open innovation (OI), this study aimed to achieve two objectives: (1) to identify the main thematic areas discussed in the past and track their evolution over time; and (2) to provide recommendations for future research avenues.
Design/methodology/approach - To achieve the first objective, a method based on text mining was implemented, with the analysis focusing on 1,772 journal articles published between 2003 and 2018. For the second objective, a review based on recent and relevant papers was conducted for each thematic area.
Findings - The paper identified nine thematic areas explored in existing research: (1) context-dependency of OI, (2) collaborative frameworks, (3) organizational dimensions of OI, (4) performance and OI, (5) external search for OI, (6) OI in small and medium-sized enterprises, (7) OI in the pharmaceutical industry, (8) OI and intellectual property rights, and (9) technology. The analysis of the most recent papers belonging to the more investigated areas offers suitable suggestions for future research avenues.
Originality/value - To the best of the authors' knowledge, no review has yet been undertaken to reorganize the OI literature
Practice patterns regarding drains management in breast surgery: Results of a survey of Senonetwork Italia breast centers
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Conforming and nonconforming laminated finite element Kirchhoff nanoplates in bending using strain gradient theory
No full textThis paper presents a comprehensive numerical finite element implementation of the nonlocal strain gradient theory applied to thin laminated composite nanoplates using Kirchhoff theory (known as Classical Laminated Plate Theory or CLPT). Hermite interpolation functions are used to approximate membrane and bending degrees of freedom according to the conforming and nonconforming approaches. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no finite element formulation in the literature able to deal with laminated Kirchhoff plates including the strain gradient theory, which allows to consider general stacking sequences and boundary conditions. A simple and effective matrix notation is employed to facilitate the computer implementation. Benchmarks reported prove the accuracy of the implementation. Novel applications are provided for further developments in the subject
Cone-Like Functional Properties of cGMP-Gated Channels in Rod-Like Retinal Photoreceptors of Nocturnal Geckoes
No full textRetinas of nocturnal geckoes only contain scotopic photoreceptors with rod-shaped outer segments and sensitivities to light similar to the one of retinal rods from other species of lower vertebrates. However, these cells are not rods, but ” originally derived from cones in cone-only retinas of ancestral diurnal geckoes as a consequence of evolutionary pressure that forced adaptation to nocturnal behavior. Several interesting adaptations of these rod-like cones have been studied to date; molecular biology and functional studies confirmed that several proteins of the phototransductive cascade display structural and functional properties that indicate their origin from cones rather than from rods. In this paper, we investigate, with whole cell voltage clamp in the detached outer segment preparation, the voltage rectification properties of photoreceptor cGMP-gated channels in three species, Gekko gecko, Tarentola mauritanica, and Hemidactylus frenatus. We show that the currentvoltage properties in the physiological voltage range are reminiscent of the ones of cGMP-gated channels from cones rather than from rods of other cold-blooded vertebrates. The origin and the relevance of the mechanisms investigated are discussed. In conclusion, in this paper, we provide a novel, functional evidence of the presence of mechanisms in rod-shaped photoreceptors from nocturnal geckos that are reminiscent of their origin from ancestral cones. The molecular analysis of the retinal cGMP gated channel recently performed in Gekko gecko identified cone-like structural features, which agree with our observations
Reduction of changeover time in a small manufacturing make-to-order enterprise: A case study
No full textIncreasing competition has led more and more companies towards a careful waste identification and removal process, often by introducing lean oriented concepts and tools. However, especially for the application outside of the Japanese automotive sector, the implementation of lean manufacturing could face barriers that are difficult to overcome. This is particularly true in Small-and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs), where, as a matter of fact, several of the management principles proposed in one of the most accepted characterizations of lean manufacturing are not respected (e.g. lack of a long term philosophy; scarce training of management and staff; insufficient organizational processes and standardized procedures). Scientific literature agrees that not all lean tools are sustainable and effective for companies of different sizes and sectors. In this study, we focus on the SMED (Single-Minute Exchange of Dies), a set of techniques that allows to reduce the changeover times, and thus it is particularly suitable for make-to-order companies. In these contexts, short changeover times bring several advantages, such as less inventory, greater production capacity or wider production mixes, and shorter lead times. Goal of this work is to report a case study of SMED implementation in a metalworking SME, which produces small mechanical parts for oleodynamic systems. We focused on the changeover times of multi-spindle cam lathes. To implement SMED, we followed these steps: after data collection and processing, we split activities between internal and external ones, maximizing the latter and dividing them between two different types of operators. This work led us to design a to-be changeover process and its standard procedures. The results we achieved present a significant reduction in changeover times, and cost-savings generated by the shift of activities on less-expensive operators. Also, the to-be process reduces inventory levels and it increases production mix or capacity
INGRID MAMMA FELICE E SOPHIA NEI GUAI: MATERNITÀ, DIVISMO E SCANDALI MEDIALI SULLE PAGINE DI «OGGI» 1949-1959
No full textThis essay is an examination of two famous star scandals of the 1950s: the extramarital affair of Ingrid Bergman with Roberto Rossellini and that of Sophia Loren with Carlo Ponti. Focusing on the Italian popular magazine Oggi’s coverage of these stars’ scandals, my article aims to investigate popular discourses of sexuality and motherhood in relation to historical and social change in postwar Italy, in particular the interconnectedness of media scandals, star’s textual and extratextual images, and the symbolic construction of motherhood