JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE AND LIFE-SCIENCE RESEARCH
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СУРУНКАЛИ ЮРАК ЕТИШМОВЧИЛИГИНИ ДАВОЛАШДАГИ ЭВАЛЮЦИЯЛАР ВА КОМПЛЕКС МУОЛАЖАЛАРНИ БЕМОРЛАР ХАЁТ СИФАТИГА ТАЪСИРИ
No full textСурункали юрак етишмовчилиги (СЮЕ) — юракнинг насос функциясининг етишмовчилиги ва органларга қон етказиб бериш қобилияти камайиши билан боғлиқ ҳолатдир. Бу ҳолат организмнинг турли органларига таъсир қилиб, беморнинг ҳаёт сифати ва функсионал ҳолатини сезиларли даражада пасайтиради. СЮЕни даволашдаги классик фармакологик муолажалардан ташқари, комплекс терапия кўп жиҳатдан муваффақиятли бўлишини кўрсатган тадқиқотлар мавжуд. Бу мақолада, СЮЕга чалинган 20 бемор (10 аёл ва 10 эркак)да комплекс даволашнинг ҳаёт сифатига таъсири ҳамда клиник самарадорлиги ўрганилган. Тадқиқот натижаларига кўра, комплекс терапия, жисмоний реабилитация, парҳез ва психологик қўллаб-қувватлаш беморларда юрак етишмовчилигини аниқ камайтира олиши кўрсатилди
ASSESSMENT OF NURSES KNOWLEDGE TOWARD HEMODIALYSIS AT IMAM AL-SADIQ HOSPITAL
No full textBackground: Following the onset of symptoms and complications of chronic renal disease, hemodialysis is advised. Patients experience multifaceted issues, including changes in lifestyle and physiological losses (CDC, 2012).
Objectives: The purpose of the study is to evaluate nurses' dialysis knowledge and determine how knowledge relates to employment and demographic characteristics.
Methodology: A descriptive-observational study methodology was used to evaluate the nurses' understanding of dialysis at teaching hospitals run by Imam Al-Sad.Using specific criteria, a deliberate sample of 120 nurses who work in the surgical wards was chosen.
Results: According to the results, 107 (89.2%) of the study sample were between the ages of 20 and 30, 85 (70.8%) were women, and 54 (45 percent) of the research sample had a college degree, with 61 (50.8 percent) being married. There were substantial correlations (P < 0.05) between the III nurses' occupational characteristics and their preventative expertise.
Conclusion: The statistical results indicate that nurses have a decent degree of understanding of dialysis, with sixty-five percent of the sample having this information throughout their everyday care in the dialysis units.
Recommendation: To increase the nurses' proficiency with safety precautions, a unique handbook centered on the infection control policy has to be created and given to the dialysis facilities that offer direct patient care
Уромодулиннинг эрта биомаркер сифатидаги ўрни, сийдик-қон даражалари ва ХЖФ (ҳисобланган коптокчалар фильтрация тезлиги) билан боғлиқлиги
No full textСурункали юрак етишмовчилиги (СЮЕ) – юқумли бўлмаган касалликлар орасида энг кўп ўлимга олиб келувчи патология ҳисобланади. Беморларнинг камида ярмида ҳамроҳ сурункали буйрак касаллиги (СБК) ривожланиб, кардиоренал синдром (КРС) шаклланади. Бундай ҳолда эрта биомаркерлар орқали касалликни аниқлаш ҳамда юрак — буйрак ўқига бир вақтнинг ўзида таъсир этувчи даво усулларини жорий этиш ҳаёт сифатини яхшилаш ва тирик қолиш кўрсаткичларини оширишга хизмат қилад
ADVANCEMENTS IN ENDOSCOPIC SINUS SURGERY: FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES, SURGICAL APPROACHES, AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS
No full textEndoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has revolutionized the management of chronic rhinosinusitis and other sinonasal pathologies, allowing for targeted, minimally invasive procedures with improved patient outcomes. This study presents an in-depth analysis of 200 cases of ESS conducted at the Samarkand State Medical University, focusing on surgical technique refinements, intraoperative navigation, postoperative recovery, and complication management. The outcomes demonstrate that ESS significantly reduces symptoms, enhances sinus ventilation, and decreases the need for long-term pharmacological therapy. Comparative evaluation with conventional sinus surgery reveals superior visualization, reduced trauma, and faster recovery in ESS patients. This article also explores training models, patient selection criteria, and technological integrations such as image guidance and powered instrumentation in ESS. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) represents a fundamental paradigm shift in the management of chronic and recurrent sinonasal diseases, providing an effective, minimally invasive, and functionally oriented alternative to traditional external surgical techniques. Over the past three decades, the refinement of endoscopic technology, including angled endoscopes, high-definition camera systems, and advanced powered instrumentation, has revolutionized the way otolaryngologists approach sinonasal pathology. The contemporary goals of ESS transcend mere anatomical clearance; instead, they focus on functional restoration of mucociliary clearance, ventilation of paranasal sinuses, and long-term disease control with minimal tissue disruption.
This comprehensive study explores the current landscape of ESS by examining the clinical outcomes, surgical challenges, and postoperative recovery in patients who underwent endoscopic sinus interventions at Samarkand State Medical University. A total of 200 adult patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps, frontal and sphenoethmoidal mucoceles, allergic fungal sinusitis, and recurrent acute sinusitis were selected based on strict inclusion criteria. The selection criteria included failure of maximum medical therapy, CT-based evidence of sinus pathology, and adequate preoperative nasal endoscopy findings.
The primary objectives of this study included: 1) evaluating symptom relief and quality-of-life improvements using standardized scoring systems such as SNOT-22, 2) assessing intraoperative challenges including anatomical variations, hemorrhage control, and navigation, 3) evaluating postoperative complications and mucosal healing through serial endoscopic examinations, and 4) analyzing the role of adjunctive therapies such as corticosteroids, nasal irrigation, and biologics in patients with nasal polyposis.
ESS was performed under general anesthesia using 0°, 30°, and 45° rigid endoscopes and powered microdebriders. Advanced image-guided navigation systems were employed in complex anatomical cases, especially those involving revision surgery or proximity to the orbit or skull base. All patients received preoperative CT scans using the Lund-Mackay scoring system, and intraoperative findings were classified using the Kennedy staging system. Surgical interventions included uncinectomy, maxillary antrostomy, anterior and posterior ethmoidectomy, sphenoidotomy, frontal sinusotomy (Draf IIa/IIb procedures), and removal of fungal debris or polyps. Histopathological examination of resected tissue was performed in all patients.
Results showed significant clinical improvement in over 85% of patients within the first three months following surgery. The mean reduction in SNOT-22 scores was statistically significant (p < 0.001), with patients reporting enhanced nasal airflow, reduced facial pressure, and improved sleep and productivity. Complication rates were low, with only 1.5% experiencing orbital injury and 8.5% experiencing intraoperative bleeding requiring hemostatic measures. Postoperative endoscopy at 1, 3, and 6 months demonstrated favorable mucosal healing with minimal crusting or synechiae in patients who adhered to postoperative care protocols.
A key area of interest in this study was the impact of anatomical variations such as concha bullosa, Haller cells, Onodi cells, and deviated nasal septum on surgical outcomes. Intraoperative navigation facilitated identification and safe management of these variations. The use of biologics (e.g., dupilumab) in patients with refractory nasal polyps showed promise in reducing recurrence rates and improving postoperative mucosal status.
Training and skill acquisition in ESS remain pivotal to ensuring safety and efficacy. This study highlights the value of structured simulation-based training, cadaveric dissection, and mentorship in building surgical proficiency. Furthermore, interdisciplinary collaboration with radiologists, anesthesiologists, and infectious disease specialists was critical in optimizing patient outcomes.
In conclusion, ESS has evolved from a nascent technique into a cornerstone of contemporary rhinologic surgery. Its minimally invasive nature, coupled with precision and versatility, has expanded indications beyond chronic rhinosinusitis to encompass tumors, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, and skull base procedures. However, its success is highly dependent on careful patient selection, surgeon expertise, adherence to postoperative care, and integration of emerging technologies. The findings of this study affirm the transformative potential of ESS in improving the quality of life of patients suffering from sinonasal diseases and underscore the need for continued innovation and research in this rapidly advancing field
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF MODERN DIAGNOSIS OF NYSTAGMUS IN MINER'S DISEASE
No full textMorbus Menera or Meniere's disease is a rare disorder of the inner ear. According to scientific studies, it is characterized by a violation of the absorption of fluid in the middle ear and, as a result, the accumulation of a large amount of endolymph in it. Since the middle ear is covered with a skin membrane, the fluid can spread over its surface in a limited space. This leads to an increase in pressure in the middle ear and partial damage to the cochlea. As a side effect of Meniere's disease, patients sometimes experience nystagmus - the inability to focus their gaze on certain objects, which contributes to the violation of vestibular function. In the intervals between attacks, there are no symptoms of the disease, such as dizziness and balance. In addition, vegetative symptoms, such as tachycardia or excessive sweating, may occur
COMPREHENSIVE CLINICAL AND REHABILITATIVE MANAGEMENT OF ISCHEMIC STROKE: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
Get PDFIschemic stroke remains one of the leading causes of long-term disability and mortality worldwide, with profound implications for individual patients and healthcare systems. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, and rehabilitative management of ischemic stroke patients based on a comprehensive review of evidence and clinical data. The study emphasizes the critical importance of early diagnosis through neuroimaging techniques such as MRI and CT, highlights the role of thrombolytic therapy, and outlines key elements of post-stroke rehabilitation, including physical, cognitive, and speech therapies. The outcomes of early and personalized rehabilitation protocols are examined in detail, demonstrating significant improvements in functional recovery, reduction in hospital stays, and enhancement of quality of life. This paper underscores the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach to stroke management and the expansion of rehabilitation services in developing regions. Chronic cerebrovascular disease (CVD) represents a significant public health challenge worldwide, often leading to progressive and debilitating cognitive impairment. This impairment manifests primarily in executive functions, memory, attention, and information processing speed, severely affecting patients’ independence and quality of life. Despite its prevalence, cognitive dysfunction in chronic CVD patients is frequently underrecognized and undertreated in clinical settings. This study undertook a comprehensive clinical and neuropsychological evaluation of 75 patients diagnosed with chronic cerebrovascular disease to characterize the patterns and severity of cognitive impairment. Utilizing standardized tools such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Trail Making Test, Stroop Test, and Wechsler Memory Scale, the research aimed to detect subtle and overt cognitive deficits and correlate these findings with clinical variables including disease duration, vascular risk factors, and neuroimaging data. The results indicated a high incidence of mild to moderate cognitive impairment, with executive dysfunction and memory deficits being the most prominent features. These findings highlight the critical need for incorporating routine cognitive screening into the management of chronic CVD patients to enable early detection and timely intervention. The study advocates for multidisciplinary treatment approaches including cognitive rehabilitation, vascular risk factor control, and patient education to improve cognitive outcomes and enhance the overall quality of life for affected individuals
ASSESSMENT OF BALANCE AND COORDINATION DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC CEREBELLAR ISCHEMIA
Get PDFChronic cerebellar ischemia is a progressively debilitating condition that primarily affects coordination and balance. This study aims to investigate the range, severity, and clinical presentation of balance and coordination disorders in patients diagnosed with chronic cerebellar ischemia. Utilizing both qualitative and quantitative neurofunctional assessments, we analyzed data from a targeted patient cohort to understand the interplay between cerebellar perfusion deficits and motor performance. Our findings underscore the crucial need for early recognition and tailored rehabilitation strategies to mitigate the long-term impacts of cerebellar dysfunction. The study also sheds light on potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes. Cereprimarilybellar dysfunction encompasses a broad spectrum of neurological disorders characterized by impaired coordination, balance, and motor control. The cerebellum plays a critical role not only in motor function but also in cognitive processes, including attention and language. Disorders affecting the cerebellum may arise from various etiologies such as ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke, degenerative diseases, tumors, or traumatic injury. Understanding the underlying causes and clinical manifestations of cerebellar dysfunction is essential for timely diagnosis and effective management. Despite advances in neuroimaging and clinical neurology, challenges remain in early detection and differentiation of cerebellar pathologies from other neurological disorders. This study aims to investigate the clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and treatment outcomes in patients presenting with cerebellar dysfunction in the neurology department of Samarkand State Medical University
THE ROLE OF NEUROINFLAMMATION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
No full textAlzheimer's Disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that represents the most common cause of dementia among the elderly. While the accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are established hallmarks, recent findings have increasingly implicated neuroinflammation as a central component of AD pathology. This article aims to explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which neuroinflammatory responses contribute to disease onset and progression. We also discuss the current advancements in targeting neuroinflammation for potential therapeutic strategies. Sleep is essential for optimal cognitive performance and overall brain health. Chronic sleep deprivation has been associated with impaired memory, attention deficits, and mood disorders. This study explores the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive decline due to sleep loss, focusing on changes in functional brain connectivity, neurochemical balance, and neuroplasticity. Using both clinical and neuroimaging data, the findings underscore the importance of sleep in maintaining neurological integrity. Ischemic stroke remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, presenting a substantial challenge to neurological and rehabilitative medicine. The timely identification of lesion sites and understanding their functional implications through both clinical and neurophysiological evaluation is vital in predicting outcomes and guiding effective rehabilitation strategies. This study aims to bridge the clinical and neurophysiological domains by exploring how electroencephalographic (EEG) findings correlate with neurological symptoms and lesion locations in ischemic stroke patients. Conducted at the Samarkand State Medical University Neurology Department, the research involved a comprehensive analysis of 85 patients. Each patient underwent neuroimaging and EEG within the first 72 hours post-stroke onset. The findings demonstrated a clear relationship between cortical lesion localization and focal EEG abnormalities. Moreover, EEG findings were predictive of stroke severity and outcomes, particularly in identifying patients at risk for post-stroke epilepsy and poor neurological recovery. These insights emphasize the value of integrating EEG into stroke evaluation protocols to facilitate patient-specific treatment and improve functional recovery
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS IN GYNECOLOGY: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
No full textThe integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into gynecology has revolutionized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, enhancing patient outcomes and clinical efficiency. This comprehensive review explores the current landscape of AI applications in gynecology, encompassing diagnostic imaging, predictive analytics, surgical assistance, and patient management. By analyzing recent studies and technological advancements, we highlight the transformative potential of AI in addressing complex gynecological conditions and improving healthcare delivery. The growing complexity and variability of otorhinolaryngological (ENT) diseases necessitate a shift from traditional, discipline-specific models of care to a more holistic, interdisciplinary approach. This article explores the integration of collaborative strategies involving otolaryngologists, audiologists, radiologists, speech therapists, neurologists, allergists, and other specialists to enhance the diagnosis and treatment of ENT disorders. As the field evolves with advances in imaging, molecular diagnostics, and personalized therapy, the need for comprehensive clinical assessment and cross-specialty coordination has become more pressing than ever. Through a review of current literature and clinical practices, this study demonstrates how interdisciplinary collaboration leads to earlier detection, more accurate diagnoses, and improved treatment outcomes in a variety of ENT conditions including chronic rhinosinusitis, otitis media, head and neck tumors, obstructive sleep apnea, and voice disorders. Despite notable benefits, barriers such as communication gaps, resource limitations, and institutional inertia remain challenges. This paper underscores the importance of fostering integrative healthcare ecosystems that facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration for optimal patient-centered care in otorhinolaryngology
HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN: SAFETY, EFFICACY, AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
No full textHormone replacement therapy (HRT) is widely acknowledged as the principal method of mitigating the adverse health impacts associated with menopause. As the natural cessation of ovarian function leads to a significant decline in estrogen and progesterone levels, women often experience a multitude of symptoms ranging from vasomotor disturbances to an elevated risk of long-term complications such as osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases. This article thoroughly examines the multifaceted effects of HRT on postmenopausal health, offering a comprehensive analysis of the benefits and potential risks that clinicians must weigh when prescribing treatment. By integrating recent evidence from global clinical trials and meta-analyses, this work seeks to inform optimal strategies for the application of HRT in various clinical scenarios, focusing on individualized approaches that enhance patient safety and therapeutic efficacy. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) remains one of the most debated and evolving strategies in the management of postmenopausal symptoms and the prevention of long-term health consequences related to estrogen deficiency. While its efficacy in alleviating vasomotor symptoms, genitourinary syndrome, and osteoporosis is well-documented, concerns persist regarding its potential risks, including breast cancer, thromboembolic events, and cardiovascular complications. This article explores the complex balance of benefits and risks associated with HRT, delving into the latest clinical evidence, individual patient considerations, and evolving guidelines. Particular emphasis is placed on identifying suitable candidates for therapy, optimizing regimens based on symptom profile and risk factors, and integrating HRT into a holistic approach to midlife women’s health. The discussion aims to clarify misconceptions, highlight recent research findings, and provide a practical framework for clinicians navigating this nuanced therapeutic option