JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE AND LIFE-SCIENCE RESEARCH
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CLINICAL AND NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Get PDFPeripheral neuropathy is one of the most common and debilitating complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), affecting approximately 50% of diabetic patients over the course of the disease. It leads to sensory disturbances, motor dysfunction, and autonomic abnormalities, significantly impairing patients’ quality of life and increasing the risk of foot ulcers and subsequent amputations. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical manifestations and neurophysiological characteristics of peripheral neuropathy in patients with T2DM. A cohort of 80 patients with established diabetes and neuropathic symptoms underwent detailed neurological examinations, including nerve conduction studies (NCS) and electromyography (EMG). The study assessed correlations between neuropathy severity and glycemic control parameters such as HbA1c levels, diabetes duration, and presence of comorbidities. The findings highlight the predominance of distal symmetrical sensorimotor neuropathy, characterized by reduced nerve conduction velocity and amplitude, confirming the axonal and demyelinating pathophysiological mechanisms involved. Early recognition of neuropathy through combined clinical and neurophysiological approaches is crucial for timely intervention and prevention of severe complications. The study emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary management strategies, including optimal glycemic control, symptom management, and patient education, to mitigate the progression of diabetic neuropathy
RIVOJLANISHIDA NUQSONLI BOLALARNING OTA-ONALARIDAGI RUHIY BUZILISHLARNI NUQSONSIZ(SOG’LOM) BOLALAR OTA-ONALARIDAGI RUHIY BUZILISHLAR BILAN TAQQOSLASH
Get PDFAdabiyotlarda rivojlanishida nuqsoni bo‘lgan bolalarning ota-onalari ruhiy salomatlik muammolari xavfiga ko‘proq duchor bo‘lishi haqida ma’lumotlar mavjud. Ushbu tadqiqotda rivojlanishida nuqsoni bo‘lgan bolalar ota-onalarining ruhiy salomatligi rivojlanishida nuqsoni bo‘lmagan bolalar ota-onalariniki bilan taqqoslandi. Olib borilgan tadqiqot rivojlanishida nuqsoni bo‘lgan bolalarning ota-onalari rivojlanishida nuqsoni bo‘lmagan bolalarning ota-onalariga qaraganda depressiya yoki boshqa ruhiy kasalliklar tashxisi qo‘yilishi ehtimoli yuqori ekanligini ko‘rsatdi. Bu o’zgarishlar ota-onaning bola tug‘ilgan paytidagi yoshi, daromadi va sog‘liqni saqlash hizmatlari imkoniyatlarning natijalari bilan bog‘liq edi. Rivojlanishida nuqsoni bor bolalarning ota-onalari o‘zlarining ruhiy salomatligini qo‘llab-quvvatlaydigan dastur va xizmatlarga ehtiyoj sezishlari mumkin
SOCH TO’KILISHIGA TA’SIR QILUVCHI TASHQI VA ICHKI OMILLAR
Get PDFUshbu maqolada sochlarning me’yordan ortiq to’kilishiga, sochlarda yuz beradigan turli xil o’zgarishlarga sabab bo’luvchi tashqi va ichki omillar haqida so’z yuritilgan. Bu omillarni xalq o’rtasida targ’ib qilib o’rganib chiqildi va ko’proq qaysi omillar uchraydi, bu omillarga qarshi nimalar qilish kerakligi haqida tavsiyalar berildi. Bugungi kunda erkak va ayollarda hattoki bolalarda ham birdek soch to’kilish muammolari kuzatiladi. Soch to’kilishi ko’pincha bemorlar uchun ruhiy tushkunlikka sabab bo’ladi va uning hayot sifatiga sezilarli ta’sir ko’rsatadi. Soch to’kilishi tibbiyot tilida “alopesiya” deb ataladi. Lotinchadan olingan bo’lib “kallik” degan ma’noni anglatadi. Soch to’kilishi fiziologik va patalogik bo’lishi mumkin. Patalogik soch to’kilishiga turli xil tashqi va ichki omillar ta’sir qilib ularga quyidagilarni misol qilishimiz mumkin (stress, normal uyquning yetishmovchiligi, vitamin, oqil-energiya va mikroelimentlar tanqisligi, irsiyat, gormonal buzilishlar, jins va yosh, parvarish bilan bog’liq xatoliklar, ekalogik omillar) va boshqalar. Har bir inson sochlarni to’g’ri parvarish qilishi, soch to’kilishiga ta’sir qiluvchi turli xil zararli omillardan saqlanishi lozim. Soch uchun maxsus turli xil balzamlar, shampunlar, kosmetik vositalar shifokor nazorati bilan foydalanish maqsadga muvofiq
SYRINGIC ACID MITIGATES COLLAGEN-BASED FIBROSIS IN LUNG AND KIDNEY OF RATS INDUCED BY BLEOMYCIN AND CISPLATIN
Get PDFBackground: Fibrosis of the lung and kidney is a serious consequence of chemical injury. It leads to excess collagen deposition and loss of organ function. Masson’s trichrome stain detects this fibrosis clearly. Natural compounds with anti-fibrotic activity are promising for therapy.
Aim: This study examined the protective role of syringic acid against fibrosis in rat lung and kidney. The damage was induced using bleomycin and cisplatin.
Methods: Thirty adult male rats were divided into five groups. Group I was the control. Group II received bleomycin and cisplatin. Group III received syringic acid alone. Group IV received syringic acid before toxins. Group V received syringic acid after toxins. Lung and kidney tissues were stained with Masson’s trichrome. Fibrosis scores were recorded. Blood and tissue samples were tested for markers of oxidative stress and inflammation.
Results: Group II showed high collagen deposition and severe fibrosis. Group IV and V showed reduced collagen and improved tissue structure. Syringic acid lowered levels of TGF-β1 and MDA. It raised antioxidant levels like GSH and SOD. Both preventive and therapeutic use of syringic acid showed benefits.
Conclusion: Syringic acid reduced fibrosis and tissue injury in lungs and kidneys of rats. It can be a potential anti-fibrotic agent. Further studies are needed for clinical application
NEUROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF EARLY REHABILITATION IN PATIENTS WITH TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
No full textTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant cause of mortality and long-term disability worldwide, often leading to complex neurocognitive and motor deficits. Early rehabilitation interventions have been proposed as a crucial component to improve neurological outcomes and functional independence in TBI patients. This study aims to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of initiating rehabilitation within the first two weeks after injury. A cohort of 70 patients admitted to the Neurology Department of Samarkand State Medical University with moderate to severe TBI was prospectively studied. Patients were divided into two groups: early rehabilitation (within 14 days) and delayed rehabilitation (after 14 days). Neurological status was assessed using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and neurophysiological parameters including EEG and somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs). Results demonstrated that early rehabilitation significantly improved neurological recovery, reduced secondary complications, and enhanced functional independence compared to delayed rehabilitation. These findings emphasize the importance of timely rehabilitation in optimizing neuroplasticity and long-term outcomes following TBI. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global public health concern associated with high rates of mortality and long-term disability. Beyond the immediate mechanical injury, a cascade of secondary neurochemical and cellular processes exacerbates brain damage, including inflammation, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and neuronal death. These secondary events create a critical window for therapeutic intervention. Increasing evidence suggests that early initiation of rehabilitation after TBI plays a neuroprotective role, enhancing neural recovery, promoting neuroplasticity, and reducing the impact of secondary injury mechanisms.
The present study investigates the neuroprotective impact of early rehabilitation—initiated within the first 14 days post-injury—compared to delayed rehabilitation in patients with moderate to severe TBI. A prospective cohort of 70 patients admitted to Samarkand State Medical University was divided into early and delayed rehabilitation groups. Evaluations included the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), electroencephalography (EEG), and somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs), assessed at baseline and during follow-up.
Results revealed that patients who received early rehabilitation demonstrated statistically significant improvements in neurological status, faster functional recovery, and favorable neurophysiological outcomes. Additionally, early rehabilitation reduced the incidence of complications such as infections, pressure ulcers, and thromboembolic events. These findings underscore the necessity of incorporating early and individualized neurorehabilitation strategies into standard TBI care pathways to improve outcomes and minimize long-term disability
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN GYNECOLOGY: TRANSFORMATIVE APPLICATIONS IN DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, AND PERSONALIZED CARE
No full textThe integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into gynecology signifies a paradigm shift in women's healthcare, offering unprecedented advancements in diagnostic accuracy, therapeutic strategies, and personalized patient management. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted applications of AI across various gynecological domains, including reproductive medicine, oncology, benign gynecological disorders, and surgical interventions. By leveraging machine learning algorithms, deep learning models, and natural language processing, AI enhances the interpretation of complex medical data, facilitates early disease detection, and optimizes treatment planning. Notably, AI-driven tools have demonstrated superior performance in identifying conditions such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and gynecologic malignancies, often surpassing traditional diagnostic methods. Furthermore, the incorporation of AI in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) has improved embryo selection processes, thereby increasing success rates. Despite these advancements, challenges persist, including data privacy concerns, algorithmic biases, and the need for extensive, diverse datasets to train robust AI models. Addressing these issues through interdisciplinary collaboration and ethical frameworks is imperative to fully realize AI's potential in gynecology. This review underscores the transformative impact of AI, advocating for its continued integration to enhance patient outcomes and revolutionize gynecological care
ADVANCEMENTS IN CARDIAC REGENERATION: STEM CELL THERAPY AND TISSUE ENGINEERING IN CHRONIC HEART FAILURE
No full textHeart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) remains a significant global health burden, accounting for millions of hospitalizations and deaths annually. Recent years have witnessed transformative advances in the pharmacological treatment of HFrEF, offering new hope for patients who previously faced limited therapeutic options. Traditional therapies such as beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) have been complemented by novel agents like angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). These newer agents have not only improved patient survival but have also enhanced quality of life, reduced hospital admissions, and mitigated disease progression. In this article, we examine the clinical implications, mechanisms of action, and evidence base of current HFrEF pharmacotherapies, while discussing barriers to implementation and future directions for research and clinical practice. The synthesis of current knowledge aims to guide clinicians toward more effective, evidence-based, and individualized management of HFrEF. Introduction Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), defined by a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than 40%, is a chronic progressive condition that continues to pose substantial challenges despite therapeutic advancements. It affects millions of individuals globally, with its prevalence rising due to aging populations, improved survival from myocardial infarction, and increased incidence of comorbid conditions such as diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The underlying pathophysiology of HFrEF includes impaired systolic function, maladaptive neurohormonal activation, ventricular remodeling, and systemic inflammation, contributing to a vicious cycle of worsening cardiac performance. Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) remains a critical global health challenge, associated with high mortality, morbidity, and health system utilization. In recent years, the therapeutic approach has shifted from symptom control to disease-modifying strategies, emphasizing the role of novel pharmacologic agents that modulate key neurohormonal pathways and cellular mechanisms. This article critically evaluates the evolution of pharmacological treatments for HFrEF, focusing on agents that provide hemodynamic support, neurohormonal inhibition, and metabolic optimization. Special emphasis is placed on the integration of emerging evidence into clinical guidelines, challenges in therapeutic implementation, and prospects for personalized medicine in heart failure care. This comprehensive review aims to support clinicians in designing optimized pharmacologic regimens and identifying potential gaps in the current evidence base to stimulate future research.
Historically, treatment of HFrEF focused on symptomatic relief through diuretics and vasodilators. However, landmark trials in the late 20th century demonstrated the survival benefit of neurohormonal modulation using ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers. More recently, paradigm-shifting therapies such as ARNIs and SGLT2 inhibitors have shown significant additional mortality and morbidity benefits. The most recent heart failure guidelines from the American Heart Association (AHA), American College of Cardiology (ACC), and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) endorse a quadruple foundation therapy consisting of ARNI, beta-blocker, MRA, and SGLT2 inhibitor.
This review synthesizes the clinical evidence and mechanistic insights surrounding these pharmacologic agents, highlighting the importance of early initiation, individualized titration, and multidisciplinary care approaches to optimize outcomes in HFrEF. It also considers real-world barriers to implementation and strategies to bridge the evidence-practice ga
PERTUSSIS (WHOOPING COUGH): CAUSES AND PATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL MANIFESTATION, TRANSMISSION AND PREVENTION
Get PDFWhen an infant is too young to get vaccinations, the first few months of life can be especially dangerous and deadly due to the highly contagious respiratory virus known as pertussis, which is caused by Bordetella pertussis. The source of the infection for neonates is adults and adolescents, who also have modest symptoms. There is vulnerability in every age group. Almost all children had the sickness before vaccinations were available. Pertussis is an extremely fatal and debilitating illness at any age, even though nearly all hospitalizations and deaths from the illness occur in newborn babies. [1]
METABOLIK SINDROMNING EKSPERIMENTAL MODELLARI
Get PDFSo'nggi yillarda zamonaviy jamiyatda metabolik sindromning (MS) tarqalishi tobora ortib bormoqda, bu esa kasallanish va o'limning oshishiga olib keladi. Eksperimental modellardan foydalanish MS rivojlanishi va rivojlanishining sabablarini tushunishga va uning oldini olish va davolashning potentsial usullarini o'rganishga imkon beradi. MS patologik o'zgarishlarning ko'p faktorli kompleksidir va bu holatni o'rganishda adekvat eksperimental modelni tanlash asosiy hisoblanadi. Ushbu sharhda MSni o'rganish uchun ishlatiladigan eng keng tarqalgan genetik modellar, shuningdek, tashqi ta'sirlar orqali ushbu sindromni modellashtirish usullari muhokama qilinadi
QANDLI DIABETI BO`LGAN BEMORLARDA GERNIOALLOPLASTIKADAN KEYINGI CHURRALARNING QAYTALANISH SABABLARI
Get PDFQandli diabeti bo`lgan bemorlarda o`tkazilgan jarrohlik aralashuvi maydonidan olingan biopsiyalarning morfologik tahlili takroriy gernioalloplastika qilingan 41 bemorda o'tkazildi. Tadqiqotga erta (6 oygacha) va kech (6 oydan ortiq) qaytalanishlar kiritilgan. Ma'lum bo'lishicha, tola va endoprotez o'rtasidagi chegaradagi to'qimalarning reaktsiyalari ham erta, ham kechki qaytalanishlarning rivojlanishida asosiy ro`l o'ynaydi. Surunkali aseptik yallig'lanish holatini va implantning o'ziga ham, uning atrofidagi biriktiruvchi to'qimalarga ham yo'naltirilgan "soxta biodegradatsiya" jarayonlarini saqlaydigan makrofag reaksiyasi ayniqsa muhimdir. Bu tolali modifikatsiyalangan biriktiruvchi to'qimada bo'shliqlar va yorilish joylarining paydo bo'lishiga yordam beradi, bu esa endoprotezning (in lay, on lay) holatiga ta'sir qiluvchi omillar bilan bir qatorda qaytalanishlarning paydo bo'lishiga yordam beradi