JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE AND LIFE-SCIENCE RESEARCH
Not a member yet
1499 research outputs found
Sort by
SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME: THE ROLE OF ENT SPECIALISTS IN DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT
Get PDFThis article provides a comprehensive overview of Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS), emphasizing the crucial role of otorhinolaryngologists (ENT specialists) in its diagnosis, evaluation, and multidisciplinary management. Sleep apnea, particularly Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), is characterized by repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to intermittent hypoxia, sleep fragmentation, and excessive daytime sleepiness. The study explores ENT-related anatomical factors contributing to airway collapse, such as nasal obstruction, tonsillar hypertrophy, macroglossia, and palatal abnormalities. Diagnostic techniques including nasal endoscopy, cephalometry, and polysomnography are analyzed alongside surgical and non-surgical treatment approaches. The research highlights that ENT evaluation is indispensable for identifying the precise anatomical site of obstruction and determining the optimal therapeutic strategy, which may include continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP), septoplasty, or maxillomandibular advancement. The results underline the efficacy of individualized, ENT-guided management in reducing apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), improving sleep quality, and enhancing overall patient health
ROLE OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ENT INFECTIONS
Get PDFThis article provides a detailed examination of antibiotic resistance and its impact on the diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of ear, nose, and throat (ENT) infections. Antibiotic resistance has emerged as one of the most critical global health challenges, significantly affecting the management of both acute and chronic otolaryngologic diseases. The study focuses on the prevalence of resistant bacterial strains in common ENT infections, including otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngotonsillitis, and chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). It also evaluates patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility, contributing factors to resistance, and the clinical consequences of inappropriate antibiotic use. The findings reveal an alarming increase in resistant organisms such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which complicates therapeutic decision-making. The article emphasizes the importance of culture-based diagnosis, rational antibiotic selection, and adherence to antimicrobial stewardship programs to preserve treatment efficacy and prevent further resistance escalation
ORTHODONTIC MANAGEMENT OF MESIAL OCCLUSION IN MIXED DENTITION PATIENTS WITH UNILATERAL CLEFT LIP AND PALATE
Get PDFThe orthodontic management of mesial occlusion in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) during the mixed dentition period presents distinct clinical challenges due to the complex craniofacial and dental disturbances associated with this congenital condition. UCLP commonly manifests with Class III malocclusion, maxillary transverse deficiency, delayed or ectopic tooth eruption, and dental arch asymmetry, all of which require carefully tailored orthodontic interventions during the critical developmental window of mixed dentition (approximately 6–12 years of age) to achieve optimal functional and esthetic outcomes.
Beyond its anatomical implications, UCLP significantly affects oral functions such as mastication and speech and may also exert a negative psychosocial impact. Visible facial and dental discrepancies can influence self-esteem, social interaction, and overall psychological well-being in affected children.
Orthodontic treatment in UCLP patients aims not only to correct dental malocclusions but also to facilitate proper maxillary alignment in preparation for subsequent surgical procedures, particularly alveolar bone grafting. Treatment protocols often incorporate early interceptive measures to address developing dental anomalies, followed by comprehensive orthodontic strategies designed to manage both skeletal and dentoalveolar discrepancies.
Accurate assessment of craniofacial growth and dental development is essential for effective treatment planning. Diagnostic tools such as cephalometric analysis and radiographic imaging play a crucial role in formulating individualized orthodontic strategies that correspond with each patient’s unique growth pattern and developmental stage.
Despite the documented benefits of early orthodontic intervention, determining the optimal timing and scope of treatment remains complex and highly dependent on cleft severity and associated dental anomalies. While several studies report favorable outcomes with early orthodontic management, others indicate limited effectiveness prior to surgical correction, underscoring the importance of continuous evaluation and personalized treatment planning
MODERN APPROACHES TO THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CHRONIC OTITIS MEDIA
Get PDFThis article presents a comprehensive analysis of current surgical strategies for the management of chronic otitis media (COM), emphasizing the evolution of techniques aimed at eradicating infection, restoring middle ear function, and improving hearing outcomes. Chronic otitis media remains a major otologic condition characterized by recurrent or persistent inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity, often resulting in tympanic membrane perforation, ossicular chain disruption, and conductive hearing loss. The study reviews and compares classical and modern surgical methods, including tympanoplasty, mastoidectomy, ossiculoplasty, and combined approaches, with special attention to endoscopic ear surgery and minimally invasive techniques. The findings highlight the advantages of endoscopic visualization, cartilage grafting, and biocompatible prosthetic reconstruction in improving anatomical integrity and auditory performance. The results confirm that the integration of traditional microsurgical precision with modern technological innovations provides superior functional and cosmetic outcomes while reducing postoperative morbidity and recurrence rates
THE ISSUE OF PSYCHOSOMATIC CHANGES IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS
Get PDFIn the current situation, an urgent scientific and practical problem of modern phthisiopediatrics is the prediction of the risk of tuberculosis infection in children and adolescents and the adequate management of these risks.
Thus, children and adolescents with respiratory tuberculosis significantly differ from their healthy peers in specific psychological characteristics: emotional instability, dependence on significant others, low emotional adaptability to situations of self-disclosure and evaluation, subjectively suspicious attitude towards others, alexithymic radical personality, normality. The approach, which involves identifying pathogenetically significant psychological mechanisms for the development of tuberculosis of the respiratory organs, opens up opportunities for solving urgent preventive problems related to maintaining the somatic health of children and adolescents in the modern society
SUYAKLARNING RIVOJLANISHI VA KIMYOVIY TUZILISHI
Get PDFMazkur maqola osteologiya fani doirasida suyaklarning rivojlanishi va kimyoviy tuzilishini o‘rganishga bag‘ishlangan. Tadqiqotda suyak to‘qimalarining embrional bosqichdan boshlab yetuklikka qadar bo‘lgan rivojlanish jarayonlari, shu jumladan, ossifikatsiya (suyak hosil bo‘lish) mexanizmlari tahlil qilingan. Suyaklarning kimyoviy tarkibiy qismlari, jumladan, kollagen tolalar, gidroksiapatit kristallari va boshqa organik va noorganik moddalarning o‘zaro ta’siri haqida ma’lumotlar keltirilgan.
Shuningdek, maqolada suyaklarning mikro- va makrostruktural tuzilishi, ularning mexanik xususiyatlari hamda o‘ziga xos biologik funksiyalari muhokama qilingan. Suyak to‘qimasida yuzaga keladigan patologik o‘zgarishlar, ularni diagnostika qilish va oldini olish usullari ham ko‘rib chiqilgan. Zamonaviy ilmiy usullar, jumladan, mikroskopiya va biomateriallar texnologiyalari yordamida suyaklar tuzilishining chuqur o‘rganilishi natijalari taqdim etilgan.
Ushbu tadqiqot osteologiya sohasida yangi bilimlarni shakllantirish, shuningdek, suyak kasalliklarini davolash va profilaktika qilish bo‘yicha samarali uslublarni ishlab chiqish uchun muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ФАКТОРОВ РИСКА В РАЗВИТИИ ПСИХОГЕННЫХ ДЕПРЕССИЙ ИНВОЛЮЦИОННОГО ПЕРИОДА
Get PDFВ данной работе исследуются факторы риска, способствующие развитию психогенных депрессий в инволюционном периоде. На основе анализа клинических данных и опросов пациентов выявлены биологические, психологические и социальные предикторы, влияющие на формирование депрессивных расстройств у лиц пожилого возраста. Особое внимание уделено роли возрастных гормональных изменений, социально-экономических трудностей и утраты значимых социальных связей. Результаты исследования подчеркивают необходимость комплексного подхода к профилактике и лечению психогенных депрессий, включающего психотерапевтическую помощь, медикаментозное лечение и социальную поддержку
CLINICAL UTILITY AND RELEVANCE OF VIMANA STHANA OF CHARAKA SAMHITA IN THE MODERN ERA
Get PDFThe Vimana Sthana of Charaka Samhita is an integral section that provides profound insights into clinical diagnosis, disease prognosis, epidemiology, and treatment principles in Ayurveda. With advancements in modern medical science, the clinical applications of Vimana Sthana remain highly relevant, particularly in holistic patient management, personalized medicine, and public health. This article explores the practical utility of Vimana Sthana in contemporary clinical practice, focusing on diagnosis, preventive measures, and therapeutic interventions. It also compares ancient Ayurvedic concepts with modern clinical methodologies, illustrating their relevance in integrative medicine. The Vimana Sthana of the Charaka Samhita, one of the foundational texts of Ayurveda, provides crucial insights into clinical aspects of medicine. It serves as a guide to understanding disease pathology, diagnostic methodologies, patient examination, and treatment principles. This section systematically elaborates on factors influencing health and disease, such as dietetics (Ahara Vimana), epidemiology (Janapadodhvansa Vimana), disease classification (Roga Vimana), and prognosis (Indriya Vimana). Additionally, Vimana Sthana emphasizes the significance of patient-specific treatment approaches, the role of physicians, and ethical considerations in medical practice. The text also discusses the importance of understanding the six stages of disease progression (Shat Kriya Kala) and provides insights into early symptom recognition to prevent complications. By integrating fundamental Ayurvedic principles with clinical observations, Vimana Sthana remains highly relevant in modern healthcare, guiding practitioners in holistic and personalized medicine
AHOLINING PARAZITAR KASALLIKLAR BILAN KASALLANISH HOLATI
Get PDFHozirgi kunda odamlar, hayvonlar va o‘simliklar hisobiga yashovchi parazitlarning 15 mingdan ortiq turi fanga ma’lum va bugungi kunda har-xil gijja kasalliklari ko‘payib bormoqda. Gijjalar – inson, hayvon va o‘simliklarda kasallik qo‘zg‘atuvchi parazit chuvalchanglardir. Ostritsalar – uzunligi 3-12 mm bo‘lgan qurtlardir. Inson organizmda asosan ingichka va yo‘g‘on ichakda yashaydi. Barcha parazitar kasalliklar ichida ostritsalar bilan kasallanish asosiy o‘rinlardan biri
МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ НАДПОЧЕЧНИКОВ ПРИ ОТРАВЛЕНИИ НАРКОТИКАМИ
Get PDFМорфологичeскоe состояниe надпочeчников являeтся важным аспeктом исслeдования мeханизмов поврeждeния органов при отравлeнии наркотичeскими вeщeствами. Наркотичeскиe вeщeства, проникая в организм, могут оказывать нeгативноe воздeйствиe на различныe органы, включая надпочeчники, что отражаeтся на их структурe. В статьe рассматриваются измeнeния в микроскопичeской структурe надпочeчников, а такжe их функциональныe нарушeния при отравлeнии наркотиками. Описаны морфологичeскиe измeнeния клeток, сосудистая сeть и активность коры и мозгового вeщeства надпочeчников, наблюдаeмыe в ходe экспeримeнтальных и клиничeских исслeдований. Такжe рассматриваются биохимичeскиe процeссы, происходящиe в тканях надпочeчников при интоксикации. Эти измeнeния могут служить индикаторами токсичeского воздeйствия на организм и помочь в разработкe новых мeтодов диагностики и лeчeния