JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE AND LIFE-SCIENCE RESEARCH
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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS IN GYNECOLOGY: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
No full textThe integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into gynecology has revolutionized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, enhancing patient outcomes and clinical efficiency. This comprehensive review explores the current landscape of AI applications in gynecology, encompassing diagnostic imaging, predictive analytics, surgical assistance, and patient management. By analyzing recent studies and technological advancements, we highlight the transformative potential of AI in addressing complex gynecological conditions and improving healthcare delivery. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into the field of gynecology represents a significant paradigm shift in how clinicians approach diagnosis, treatment, and patient management. This comprehensive review explores the diverse applications of AI technologies, including machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing, within various gynecological contexts such as imaging diagnostics, reproductive health, oncology, surgery, and patient engagement platforms. By synthesizing research findings from the past decade, this study demonstrates how AI has enhanced diagnostic accuracy, optimized treatment planning, reduced procedural invasiveness, and promoted personalized medicine in gynecology. Despite its transformative potential, the implementation of AI is accompanied by challenges, including data security, algorithmic bias, and regulatory considerations. Addressing these limitations through collaborative efforts among healthcare providers, technologists, and policymakers is essential to fully harness the benefits of AI in women’s health. This paper emphasizes the urgent need for continuous innovation and ethical deployment of AI systems to advance gynecological care and patient outcomes globally
RECENT ADVANCES IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF LARYNGEAL CANCER: A CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE SITUATION FROM OPEN SURGERY TO MINIMALLY INVASIVE TECHNIQUES
No full textThis review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of recent developments in the surgical management of laryngeal cancer, focusing on the comparative outcomes of traditional total laryngectomy versus newer approaches such as Transoral Laser Microsurgery (TLM) and Transoral Robotic Surgery (TORS). We evaluate surgical efficacy, functional outcomes, complication rates, technological innovations, patient selection criteria, and ongoing research directions. Laryngeal cancer is a significant oncological challenge, particularly due to its impact on vital functions such as speech, breathing, and swallowing. Over the past few decades, surgical treatment has evolved remarkably from radical, open surgeries to minimally invasive, organ-preserving techniques. The objective is to offer a comprehensive overview for clinicians, oncologic surgeons, and researchers aiming to optimize care for patients with laryngeal carcinoma
ADVANCEMENTS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION (HFPEF): EMERGING THERAPIES AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
No full textHeart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) is a complex clinical syndrome characterized by symptoms of heart failure despite a normal or near-normal left ventricular ejection fraction. Unlike Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF), HFpEF lacks well-established treatment protocols, posing significant challenges in clinical management. Recent studies have identified potential therapeutic targets, including the use of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) like finerenone, and anti-inflammatory agents such as ziltivekimab. This review explores the pathophysiology of HFpEF, evaluates emerging pharmacological treatments, and discusses their clinical implications in improving patient outcomes. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has emerged as a leading cause of morbidity and hospitalization in aging populations worldwide, yet its treatment remains one of the most significant unresolved challenges in cardiology. As opposed to reduced ejection fraction heart failure, HFpEF encompasses a complex interplay of systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, ventricular stiffness, and comorbidities including diabetes mellitus, obesity, and hypertension. The clinical community has historically lacked targeted therapies for this condition, which has led to an urgent demand for innovative pharmacologic interventions and refined diagnostic criteria.
Recent developments in the application of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and interleukin-6 inhibitors like ziltivekimab have generated optimism in both clinicians and researchers. These agents are not merely addressing symptom burden but are also showing promise in altering the disease trajectory. This article aims to comprehensively explore the latest evidence on these therapeutic options, assess the pathophysiologic mechanisms they target, and discuss their implications for transforming standard care in HFpEF
INTEGRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN CARDIOVASCULAR RISK PREDICTION: A PARADIGM SHIFT IN PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
Get PDFCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be the leading cause of mortality worldwide, causing an urgent need for more precise and personalized risk prediction methods. Traditional models such as the Framingham Risk Score and ASCVD calculator, although widely used, often have limitations in accuracy and adaptability to diverse populations. Artificial Intelligence (AI), encompassing machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques, offers a promising avenue by processing vast and complex healthcare data to provide individualized risk assessments. This review comprehensively analyzes recent advancements in AI applications for cardiovascular risk prediction, including algorithm types, data integration strategies, and clinical implications. We discuss the strengths, challenges, and future prospects of AI-driven risk models, emphasizing their potential to transform preventive cardiology by enabling early diagnosis and tailored interventions
TRAVMADAN KEYINGI DEFEKTLARNI BARTARAF ETISHDA PLASTIK JARROHLIKNING ROLI
Get PDFMazkur maqolada travmadan keyingi yuzaga keladigan anatomik va estetik defektlarni bartaraf etishda plastik jarrohlikning tutgan o‘rni keng tahlil etiladi. Har xil turdagi jarohatlar — yo‘l-transport hodisalari, kuyishlar, sanoat falokatlari va boshqa travmatik holatlar natijasida yuzaga keladigan tashqi va ichki to‘qimalar shikastlanishida bemorning hayot sifatini saqlab qolish, uning ijtimoiy faolligini tiklash va psixologik holatini barqarorlashtirishda plastik jarrohlik muhim klinik ahamiyat kasb etadi.
Maqolada zamonaviy plastik-rekonstruktiv operatsiyalar usullari, jumladan, avtotransplantatsiya, to‘qima ko‘chirib o‘tkazish, mikrojarrohlik texnikalari va 3D modellashtirish asosida amalga oshirilayotgan jarrohlik amaliyotlari o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, maqolada bemorning individual anatomik xususiyatlarini hisobga olgan holda operatsion rejalashtirish va jarayonni bosqichma-bosqich yuritishning afzalliklari ko‘rsatiladi. Operatsiyadan keyingi reabilitatsiya, infeksiya xavfini kamaytirish, shikastlangan to‘qimalarning funksional va estetik jihatdan tiklanishini tezlashtirish masalalariga ham alohida e’tibor qaratiladi.
Tadqiqot yakunida, plastik jarrohlikning faqat tashqi ko‘rinishni tiklash emas, balki bemorning psixologik holati, mehnatga layoqatlilik va ijtimoiy integratsiyasini ta’minlashdagi roli alohida ajratib ko‘rsatiladi. Xulosa o‘rnida, travmadan keyingi defektlarni davolashda kompleks yondashuv, yuqori texnologiyalarning joriy etilishi va malakali mutaxassislar ishtirokining ahamiyati asoslab beriladi
ГЛЮКОКОРТИКОСТЕРОИДЛАР ТАЪСИРИДА КАЛАМУШЛАР СОН СУЯГИ БОШЧАСИ ҚОН ТОМИРЛАРИНИНГ МОРФОЛОГИК ЎЗГАРИШЛАРИ
Get PDFУшбу тадқиқотда каламушларга глюкокортикостероид (ГКС) юборилгандан сўнг сон суяги бошчасидаги қон томир тўқималарининг морфологик ўзгаришлари ўрганилди. Таъсир этилган глюкокортикостероид дори сифатида дексаметазон танланди. Морфологик таҳлилда гистологик ва гистохимик усуллардан фойдаланилди. Натижаларга кўра, ГКС таъсирида сон суяги бошчаси микроциркуляция тизимида васкулопатик ўзгаришлар, эндотелий деградацияси ва микротромбозлар кузатилди
ПАТОФИЗИОЛОГИЯ И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ГЛАУКОМЫ: ОБЗОРНАЯ СТАТЬЯ
Get PDFГлаукома — ведущая причина необратимой слепоты в мире, часто протекающая бессимптомно до поздних стадий. В статье представлен обзор современных данных о патофизиологии, диагностике и лечении открытоугольной и закрытоугольной глаукомы. Рассмотрены ключевые механизмы поражения зрительного нерва, включая роль внутриглазного давления и нейродегенерации, а также генетические и анатомические факторы риска. Подчеркивается важность раннего выявления заболевания и активного участия врачей офтальмологов первичного звена в направлении пациентов на полное офтальмологическое обследование
CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM IS STILL REGARDED AS ONE OF THE MOST ACUTE PROBLEMS OF MODERN SOCIETY, PRIMARILY BECAUSE OF ITS HIGH OCCURRENCE RATE AND THE SERIOUS MEDICAL AND SOCIAL CHALLENGES IT PRODUCES
Get PDFAlcoholism is recognized as a chronic and progressively worsening disorder, marked by an uncontrollable urge to consume alcohol that results in both psychological and physical dependence. Discontinuation of alcohol intake typically provokes withdrawal symptoms, while persistent somatic and neurological disturbances, along with gradual mental decline, also emerge. Over time, alcoholism causes extensive damage to various organ systems, cognitive deterioration, emotional dysregulation, and serious disruption of social as well as professional life. Moreover, it is frequently associated with psychiatric comorbidities such as depressive states, anxiety disorders, and personality alterations, all of which further complicate treatment approaches and worsen the overall prognosis
SURUNKALI PIELONEFRITI MAVJUD BO‘LGAN ONALARDANDAN TUG`ILGAN CHAQLOQLARNING ERTA NEONATAL DAVRDA BUYRAKLARINING MEMBRANA-PROLEFERATIF FUNKSIYASI VA LIPIDLARI ALMASHINUVI
Get PDFAntenatal davrda homila va yangi tug‘ilgan chaqaloqlarda yuzaga keladigan patologik mexanizmlarni aniqlash, ular asosida diagnostika mezonlarini ishlab chiqish va tuzatish tamoyillarini asoslash zamonaviy pediatriyaning dolzarb muammolaridan biri bo‘lib qolmoqda. Bu nafaqat perinatal va neonatal kasallanish hamda o‘lim holatlarining yuqoriligi bilan, balki aynan shu davrda kelajak avlod salomatligining asoslari qo‘yilishi bilan bog‘liq.
Ishning maqsadi: Surunkali pielonefriti bo‘lgan onalardan tug‘ilgan chaqaloqlarda lipidlar almashinuvi holatini aniqlash, buyraklarning gomeostatik funksiyalari xususiyatlarini o‘rganish.
Material va usullar: Bizning kuzatuvimizda jami 136 yangi tug‘ilgan chaqaloq ishtirok etdi. Ulardan 22 nafari 20–30 yosh oralig‘idagi, surunkali somatik patologiyalarga ega bo‘lmagan, homiladorligi va tug‘ruq jarayoni fiziologik kechgan sog‘lom onalardan tug‘ilgan to‘liq muddatli chaqaloqlar (nazorat guruhi) edi. Qolgan 114 chaqaloq ham to‘liq muddatda tug‘ilgan bo‘lib, ularning onalari ham yuqoridagi yoshda, biroq surunkali pielonefrit bilan og‘rigan ayollar edi.
Natijalar: Shunday qilib, infeksiya va toksik omillar ta’siri natijasida fosfolipazalar faolligining oshishi, erkin radikallar bilan oksidlanish (PERO) jarayonining kuchayishi, yangi tug‘ilgan chaqaloqlar qonida sitotoksik LFX fraksiyalarining to‘planishi, endogen bioantioksidantlar (FX) darajasining pasayishi, va sitomembranalarga toksik ta’sir ko‘rsatuvchi MDA kabi PERO mahsulotlarining ortishi kuzatildi.
Xulosa: Surunkali pielonefrit bilan og‘rigan onalardan tug‘ilgan chaqaloqlarda surunkali gipoksiya sababli yuzaga keladigan "fetopatiya" holati kuzatilib, bu sitomembrana barqarorligining buzilishi bilan namoyon bo‘ladi: LFX, SF to‘planishi, FX, FEA, NEJK darajasining pasayishi hamda MDA miqdorining ortishi bilan kechadi. Gomeostatik funksiyalar buzilishi va lipidlarning peroksid oksidlanishidagi o‘zgarishlar darajasi homilaning intrauterin rivojlanish davrida ta’sir etuvchi og‘irlashtiruvchi omillar darajasiga bog‘liq ekani aniqlandi
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ X-PAYLS В КОМПЛЕКСНОМ ЛЕЧЕНИИ ГЕМОРРОЯ
Get PDFВ данной статье рассматривается эффективность применения препарата X-PAYLS в комплексной терапии геморроя – одного из наиболее распространённых проктологических заболеваний, оказывающих значительное влияние на качество жизни пациентов. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о более быстром купировании острых проявлений болезни, сокращении сроков ремиссии и значительном снижении риска осложнений, таких как тромбоз узлов и хронические кровотечения. Таким образом, использование препарата X-PAYLS в лечении геморроя является перспективным направлением современной проктологии. Его применение способствует не только повышению эффективности терапии и снижению рецидивов, но и улучшению качества жизни пациентов. Результаты исследования позволяют рекомендовать препарат для более широкого внедрения в клиническую практику как средство комплексного воздействия на основные патогенетические звенья заболевания