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Recording and editing of the song Kuća puna naroda by Zdravko Čolić
No full textOvaj završni rad prikazuje proces snimanja i obrade odabrane pop pjesme Kuća puna naroda izvođača Zdravka Čolića. Cilj ovog rada je prikazati sami proces postavljanja tonskog lanca i snimanje pojedninih instrumenata, vokala te programiranja instrumenata unutar DAW-a (Digital Audio Workstation). Proces snimanja odvijao se u kućnim uvjetima korištenjem osnovne opreme.
Tijekom procesa snimanja koristio se osnovni tonski lanac uključujući kondenzatorski mikrofon, zvučnu karticu, slušalice te DAW, u ovom slučaju Cubase 14 i 14 LE. Kroz kasniju obradu snimljene pjesme u DAW-u cilj je prikazati faze miksanja i uređivanja pjesme dodavanjem raznih audio efekata te objašnjenje kako i zašto se oni koriste.This final paper presents the process of recording and processing the selected pop song Kuća puna naroda by the artist Zdravko Čolić. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the process of setting up the signal chain and recording individual instruments and vocals, as well as programming instruments within a DAW (Digital Audio Workstation). The recording was carried out in a home studio environment using basic equipment.
During the recording process, essential equipment was used, including a condenser microphone, audio interface, headphones, and the DAW software, in this case, Cubase 14 and 14 LE. The post-production phase focused on mixing and editing the recorded material by applying various audio effects, with an explanation of how and why they were used
Air quality in the area of the city Koprivnica
No full textZrak, kao ključna komponenta Zemljine atmosfere, izravno utječe na kvalitetu života i zdravlje stanovništva. Grad Koprivnica, iako srednje veličine, suočava se sa specifičnim izazovima vezanima uz onečišćenje zraka, osobito tijekom zimskih mjeseci. Prema dostupnim podacima, glavni izvor zagađenja su kućna ložišta, dok je promet i industrija u manjoj mjeri zastupljena. U 2021. godini zabilježena su prekoračenja graničnih vrijednosti lebdećih čestica PM₁₀ i PM₂.₅, dok je u 2022. došlo do znatnog poboljšanja. U sklopu diplomskog rada provedeno je anketno istraživanje među 75 ispitanika s područja Koprivnice, koje je pokazalo visoku razinu svijesti građana o važnosti kvalitete zraka te potrebu za dodatnim mjerama i edukacijom. Sustavni pristup, edukacija i prilagodba lokalnih politika ključni su za održivo upravljanje kvalitetom zraka.Air, as a vital component of Earth's atmosphere, directly affects quality of life and public health. Although the City of Koprivnica is of moderate size, it faces specific air pollution challenges, particularly during the winter months. According to available data, the main source of pollution is residential heating, while traffic and industry contribute to a lesser extent. In 2021, exceedances of the limit values for particulate matter PM₁₀ and PM₂.₅ were recorded, whereas in 2022, air quality significantly improved. As part of this thesis, a survey was conducted among 75 respondents from the Koprivnica area. The results showed a high level of public awareness regarding the importance of air quality and highlighted the need for further measures and education. A systematic approach, combined with informed citizens and responsible local policies, is essential for sustainable air quality management
Monitoring vegetation changes throughout the year using satellite imagery and NDVI for the area of Varaždin County
No full textU ovom završnom radu provedena je analiza indeksa vegetacije NDVI (Normalized
Difference Vegetation Index) za područje Varaždinske županije. NDVI predstavlja jedan od
najučinkovitijih pokazatelja stanja biljnog pokrova temeljenog na analizi satelitskih podataka,
a sve se više koristi u ekološkim, poljoprivrednim i prostornim analizama. Korištenjem
slobodno dostupnih podataka satelita Landsat 8 i Landsat 9 te programskog alata QGIS,
provedena je višemjesečna analiza vegetacije tijekom razdoblja od prosinca 2023. do studenoga
2024. godine. Rad pruža uvid u sezonske promjene vegetacije te pokazuje na koji način NDVI
može poslužiti kao vrijedan alat za prostorno planiranje i praćenje okolišnih promjena.This thesis presents an analysis of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for
Varaždin County. NDVI is one of the most effective indicators of vegetation condition, based
on satellite data analysis, and is increasingly used in ecological, agricultural, and spatial
analysis. By using freely available satellite imagery from Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 and the QGIS
software, a twelve-month vegetation analysis was conducted from December 2023 to
November 2024. The thesis provides insight into seasonal vegetation changes and demonstrates
how NDVI can serve as a valuable tool for spatial planning and environmental monitoring
Mobile photogrammetry and LiDAR on modeling of infrastructure object with limited access
No full textRad istražuje primjenu mobilne fotogrametrije i LiDAR tehnologije u modeliranju infrastrukturnih objekata ograničenog pristupa, poput kanalizacijskih šahti. Prikazan je pregled prethodnih istraživanja, temeljne značajke i principi rada ovih tehnologija te njihove mogućnosti integracije i pripadajuće prednosti. Glavni dio rada temelji se na praktičnom projektnom zadatku, u kojem su korišteni iPhone 13 Pro te softveri Metashape, Polycam i QGIS za izradu i analizu 3D modela šahte. Rezultat je mjerljivi 3D model podzemnog, teško pristupačnog, infrastrukturnog objekta smještenog na području Sveučilišta Sjever u Varaždinu. Rezultati pokazuju prednost mobilne fotogrametrije kod tehnički zahtjevnijih elemenata, dok mobilni LiDAR osigurava mjerljivost. Također je izrađena karta šahti s preciznim geolokacijama. Zaključno, iako obje tehnologije imaju ograničenja prvenstveno zbog slabog osvjetljenja i otežanog pristupa pokazuju velik potencijal za brzu i pristupačnu dokumentaciju infrastrukturnih objekata. Rad se osvrće i na budućnost ovih tehnologija te daje preporuke za unaprjeđenje njihove primjene. Naglašena je i njihova buduća uloga u GIS-u, BIM-u i digitalnim blizancima.This project explores the application of mobile photogrammetry and LiDAR technology in the modelling of infrastructure objects with limited accessibility, such as sewer manholes. It presents an overview of previous research, fundamental characteristics, and working principles of these technologies, as well as their integration and associated benefits. The core of the project is based on a practical assignment using an iPhone 13 Pro and software tools such as Metashape, Polycam, and QGIS for the creation and analysis of a 3D model of a manhole. The result is a measurable 3D model of an underground, hard-to-access infrastructure object located at the University North campus in Varaždin. The results indicate that mobile photogrammetry performs better on technically complex elements, while mobile LiDAR ensures measurement capability. A manhole map with precise geolocations was also created. In conclusion, although both technologies have limitations mainly due to low lighting and difficult access they demonstrate significant potential for fast and accessible documentation of infrastructure elements. The thesis also discusses the future of these technologies and provides recommendations for improving their application. Their potential role in GIS, BIM, and digital twins is also highlighted
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: pathophysiological basis and nursing care challenges
No full textAkutni diseminirani encefalomijelitis (ADEM) je upalna demijelinizirajuća bolest središnjeg živčanog sustava koja se obično javlja kod djece i odraslih osoba mlađe i povezana je s encefalopatijom i multifokalnim lezijama mozga. Iako se smatra da ADEM nastaje nakon infekcije, etiologija je još uvijek nedovoljno poznata, kao i mehanizam nastanka. ADEM je često monofazni poremećaj, za razliku od drugih demijelinizirajućih poremećaja. Klinička slika značajno varira ovisno o tome da li je u podlozi nastanka bolesti infektivna bolest i koja, patofiziološki bolest podrazumijeva autoimunu reakciju spram mijelina dvama mehanizmima: molekularnom mimikrijom i nespecifičnom aktivacijom T limfocita. Klinička slika značajno varira ovisno o prisutnosti zarazne bolesti i dijelu mozga zahvaćenog demijelinizacijom. Glavni simptomi mogu uključivati promjene mentalnog stanja i piramidalne funkcije, cerebelarnu ataksiju, bilateralni optički neuritis, mijelitis, a povremeno i mijeloradikulopatiju i ekstrapiramidalne sindrome. Dijagnostika uključuje neurološko oslikavanje magnetskom rezonancijom i laboratorijske pretrage krvi i cerebrospinalne tekućine, kako bi se isključili potencijalni infektivni, primarno upalni, ali ne i demijelinizirajući procesi, neoplastični i genetski poremećaji. Iako ne postoji dovoljno studija kojima bi se nedvosmisleno odredilo specifično liječenje ADEM-a, ono se, temeljem preporuka stručnjaka u području, te prikaza slučajeva, provodi intravenskom primjenom visokih doza kortikosteroida (metilprednizolon; do 1000 mg/kg/dan), plazmaferezom i intravenskom aplikacijom imunoglobulina. Ukoliko je u podlozi bolesti infekcija, liječenje iste se provodi sukladno preporukama; a potporna terapija simptomatski (nadomještanje tekućine, sredstva za smirenje i drugo). Dugoročni ishodi su povoljni, postotak izlječenja visok, ali neki oboljeli imaju značajan morbiditet povezan s težinom akutne bolesti i/ili očituju neurokognitivne posljedice.
Ovaj diplomski rad preglednog tipa prikazuje trenutno znanje o patogenezi, epidemiologiji, kliničkim značajkama, dijagnostičkoj procjeni, pristupima liječenju i ishodima u pedijatrijskom ADEM-u.Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that usually occurs in children and young adults and is associated with encephalopathy and multifocal brain lesions. Although ADEM is thought to occur after an infection, the etiology is still poorly understood, as well as the mechanism of its development. ADEM is often a monophasic disorder, unlike other demyelinating disorders. Pathophysiology involves autoimmune response directed towards myelin, by two distinct mechanisms: molecular mimicry and nonspecific activation of T lymphocytes. Clinical pictures vary significantly depending on underlying infectious disease and part of a brain affected by demyelination. Main symptoms may include changes in mental status and pyramidal function, cerebellar ataxia, bilateral optic neuritis, myelitis, and occasional myeloradiculopathy and extrapyramidal syndromes. Diagnosis includes neurological magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory tests of blood and cerebrospinal fluid, to exclude potential infectious, primarily inflammatory but not demyelinating processes, neoplastic and genetic disorders. Although there are not enough studies to unambiguously determine the specific treatment of ADEM, it is carried out, based on the recommendations of experts in the field and case reports, with the intravenous administration of high doses of corticosteroids (methylprednisolone; up to 1000 mg/kg/day), plasmapheresis and intravenous administration of immunoglobulin. If the underlying disease is an infection, treatment is carried out according to recommendations; and supportive therapy is symptomatic (fluid replacement, sedatives, etc.). Long-term outcomes are favorable, the cure rate is high, but some patients have significant morbidity related to the severity of the acute disease and/or manifest ongoing neurocognitive sequelae.
This thesis presents the current knowledge on pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic evaluation, treatment approaches, and outcomes in pediatric ADEM
Knee Injures in football
No full textZglob koljena najveći je i najsloženiji zglob u ljudskom tijelu, a povezuje bedrenu kost (femur), goljeničnu kost (tibia) i iver (patelu). Stabilnost koljena osiguravaju ligamenti, menisci i mišići. U koljenu su mogući pokreti poput savijanja, ispružanja te blago rotacijski pokreti. Koljenski zglob je izuzetno složen i omogućuje veliku pokretljivost te podnosi velika biomehanička opterećenja, zbog čega spada u tzv. "zglobove u opterećenju". Zbog svoje kompleksne strukture, koljeno je sposobno prilagoditi se različitim aktivnostima poput hodanja, trčanja i penjanja, što uključuje važne pokrete poput fleksije, ekstenzije i rotacije potkoljenice. Mehaničke sile djeluju na koljeno čak i u mirovanju, dok se tijekom hodanja, a osobito pri hodanju po stepenicama, tibiofemoralni zglob opterećuje silom koja može biti i četiri puta veća od tjelesne težine. Patella u patelofemoralnom zglobu ima ključnu ulogu u ekstenziji koljena i raspodjeli naprezanja unutar zgloba. Zbog složene strukture zgloba i nekongruentnosti zglobnih površina, stabilnost koljena osiguravaju statički i dinamički stabilizatori, koji uključuju ligamente, meniske i mišićnu aktivnost. Nogomet je dinamičan sport koji uključuje učestale promjene smjera, nagla zaustavljanja, ubrzanja, skokove i kontakte s drugim igračima. Ovakvi zahtjevni pokreti i visoka opterećenja čine koljeno jednim od najugroženijih zglobova, osobito ako mišićna stabilnost nije adekvatna ili ako postoji prethodna ozljeda. U nogometu postoje brojne ozljede ne samo koljena nego i drugih dijelova tijela. Najčešće ozljede koje se javljaju su ozljede prednjeg ukriženog ligamenta, česte su kod naglih promjena pravca ili doskoka, a zahtijevaju dugotrajnu rehabilitaciju i često kirurški zahvat zatim ozljede meniska, nastaju pri uvrtanju koljena pod opterećenjem i mogu uzrokovati bol, oteklinu i zakočenost zgloba i ozljede kolateralnih ligamenata koje nastaju prilikom naglih bočnih pokreta, krivih doskoka. Rehabilitacija koljena uključuje postupnu obnovu pokretljivosti, snage i stabilnosti zgloba nakon ozljede ili operacije. Program rehabilitacije prilagođava se vrsti ozljede i fazama oporavka, a može uključivati fizikalnu terapiju, vježbe snage i ravnoteže te postepeni povratak sportskim aktivnostima.The knee joint is the largest and most complex joint in the human body, connecting the femur, tibia and patella. The stability of the knee is ensured by ligaments, menisci and muscles. In the knee, movements such as bending, stretching and slightly rotational movements are possible. The knee joint is extremely complex and provides great mobility and withstands high biomechanical loads, which is why it belongs to the so-called "joints under load". Due to its complex structure, the knee is capable of adapting to various activities such as walking, running and climbing, which includes important movements such as flexion, extension and rotation of the lower leg. Mechanical forces act on the knee even at rest, while during walking, and especially when walking up stairs, the tibiofemoral joint is loaded with a force that can be four times the body weight. The patella in the patellofemoral joint plays a key role in the extension of the knee and the distribution of stress within the joint. Due to the complex structure of the joint and the incongruence of the articular surfaces, the stability of the knee is ensured by static and dynamic stabilizers, which include ligaments, menisci and muscle activity. Football is a dynamic sport that involves frequent changes of direction, sudden stops, accelerations, jumps and contact with other players. Such demanding movements and high loads make the knee one of the most vulnerable joints, especially if muscle stability is not adequate or if there is a previous injury. In football, there are numerous injuries not only to the knee but also to other parts of the body. The most common injuries that occur are anterior cruciate ligament injury - they are common in sudden changes of direction or landing, and require long-term rehabilitation and often surgery, meniscus injuries - occur when twisting the knee under load and can cause pain, swelling and stiffness of the joint and injuries to the collateral ligaments - sudden lateral movements, wrong landings. Knee rehabilitation involves the gradual restoration of the joint's mobility, strength, and stability after injury or surgery. The first goal is to reduce pain and swelling, and then focuses on strengthening the muscles around the knee, improving flexibility, and restoring functionality. The rehabilitation program is adapted to the type of injury and the stages of recovery, and may include physical therapy, strength and balance exercises, and a gradual return to sports activities
Three-dimensional modeling and space visualization
No full textTrodimenzionalno modeliranje i vizualizacija prostora predstavljaju pristup geodetskoj struci
koji omogućuje preciznu digitalnu rekonstrukciju stvarnog okoliša i njegovo jasno vizualno predstavljanje. Ovaj rad bavi se analizom tog procesa kroz teorijski okvir i konkretan praktični primjer, s ciljem prikazivanja primjenjivosti 3D modeliranja u tehničkom, prostornom i interdisciplinarnom smislu.
U početnim poglavljima objašnjena je važnost modeliranja i vizualizacije prostora u današnjoj praksi. Modeliranje se temelji na podacima prikupljenima GNSS-om, fotogrametrijom, LiDARom
i klasičnim geodetskim metodama, dok vizualizacija omogućuje realističan prikaz modela za potrebe analize, planiranja i prezentacije. Predstavljeni su ključni produkti kao što su oblak točaka,
mesh modeli i ortofoto karte. Posebna pažnja posvećena je mogućnostima primjene ovih modela samostalno ili kroz integraciju u GIS/BIM sustave.
Središnji dio rada obuhvaća izradu konkretnog 3D modela prostora na temelju snimaka prikupljenih bespilotnom letjelicom, koristeći softver 3Dsurvey. Detaljno su prikazane sve faze obrade: učitavanje snimaka, orijentacija, bundle adjustment, rekonstrukcija oblaka točaka i
generiranje završnih modela. Analizom izrade utvrđena je visoka učinkovitost softvera, ali i izazovi poput osjetljivosti na kvalitetu ulaznih podataka, složenost terena, ograničenja računalne opreme, te iskustvo korisnika.
Rezultati su pokazali da true ortofoto i 3D mesh postižu najbolju razinu točnosti i detaljnosti u vizualizaciji, dok regular mesh i traditional ortofoto imaju određena ograničenja u prikazu složenijih struktura. Rad time potvrđuje kako trodimenzionalno modeliranje i vizualizacija, utemeljeni na geodetskoj preciznosti i računalnoj obradi, predstavljaju ključan alat za razumijevanje, upravljanje i prezentaciju prostora u suvremenom okruženju.Three-dimensional spatial modelling and visualization represent a methodological approach within geodetic science that enables precise digital reconstruction of the real environment and its clear visual representation. This paper explores the process through a theoretical framework and a practical case study, aiming to demonstrate the applicability of 3D modelling in technical, spatial, and interdisciplinary contexts.
The initial chapters outline the significance of spatial modelling and visualization in contemporary
practice. Modelling is based on data acquired through GNSS, photogrammetry, LiDAR, and
conventional geodetic methods, while visualization enables realistic depiction of models for analysis, planning, and presentation purposes. Key products such as point clouds, mesh models, and orthophoto maps are presented. Particular emphasis is placed on the potential for independent use of these models or their integration into GIS/BIM systems.
The central section of the paper focuses on the development of a specific 3D model of a real-world site based on UAV-captured images, using the 3Dsurvey software. All processing stages are explained in detail: image import, orientation, bundle adjustment, point cloud reconstruction, and generation of final models. The analysis of the workflow confirms the software’s high efficiency, but also identifies challenges related to input data quality, terrain complexity, hardware limitations,
and user expertise.
The results demonstrate that true orthophotos and 3D mesh models provide the highest levels of
accuracy and detail in visualization, whereas regular mesh and traditional orthophotos show
limitations when depicting more complex spatial structures. The findings confirm that 3D spatial modelling and visualization, grounded in geodetic accuracy and computational processing
constitute an essential tool for spatial understanding, management, and presentation in modern
environments
Eating habits and attitudes of high school students in Medjimurje County about nutrition
No full textPravilna prehrana i očuvanje optimalne tjelesne težine predstavljaju ključne čimbenike u prevenciji brojnih kroničnih nezaraznih bolesti, očuvanju zdravlja i unapređenju kvalitete života. Ovaj diplomski rad usmjeren je na analizu pravilne prehrane, prehrambenih navika te sve učestalijeg problema debljine, s posebnim naglaskom na adolescentnu populaciju, specifično učenike srednjih škola. Adolescencija je razdoblje intenzivnih bioloških, psiholoških i socijalnih promjena, u kojem se usvajaju dugoročne životne navike. Nepravilna prehrana u ovom razdoblju često uključuje preskakanje obroka, povećani unos brze hrane, gaziranih i energetskih pića te smanjeni unos voća i povrća. Navedeni čimbenici u kombinaciji s nedostatkom tjelesne aktivnosti doprinose razvoju prekomjerne tjelesne težine i debljine, ozbiljnog globalnog javnozdravstvenog problema u svijetu, ali i u Hrvatskoj.
Cilj istraživanja je bio ispitati prehrambene navike i stavove učenika srednjih škola o prehrani. U presječno istraživanje bili su uključeni učenici srednjih škola (N=469) Međimurske županije koji su dobrovoljno i anonimno sudjelovali u ispunjavanju online ankete distribuirane putem Google Forms obrasca. Potvrđena je statistički značajna razlika u prehrambenim navikama i stavovima učenika medicinske škole u odnosu na učenike drugih srednjih škola. Ne postoji značajna razlika u prehrambenim navikama i stavovima učenika ovisno o spolu, tj. da djevojke imaju statistički značajno zdravije prehrambene navike i pozitivnije stavove prema zdravoj hrani u odnosu na mladiće. Ispostavilo se da mladići imaju statistički značajno pozitivnije stavove prema zdravoj hrani u odnosu na djevojke. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju da učenici koji pokazuju pozitivan stav prema pravilnoj prehrani ujedno imaju i zdravije prehrambene navike. Također, učenici koji žive u urbanim sredinama imaju bolje prehrambene navike od učenika koji žive u ruralnim područjima. Zaključno, pravilna prehrana i tjelesna aktivnost moraju biti sastavni dio svakodnevnog života, a osobito je važno rano prepoznavanje i usmjeravanje djece i adolescenata prema zdravim životnim navikama. Prevencija debljine nije samo individualna odgovornost, već i odgovornost društva u cjelini, koje mora stvoriti uvjete za zdrav i kvalitetan život budućih generacija.Proper nutrition and maintaining optimal body weight are key factors in the prevention of numerous chronic non-communicable diseases, preserving health and improving the quality of life. This thesis focuses on the analysis of proper nutrition, eating habits and the increasingly frequent problem of obesity with a special emphasis on the adolescent population, specifically high school students. Adolescence is a period of intense biological, psychological and social changes in which long-term lifestyle habits are adopted. Improper nutrition during this period often includes skipping meals, increased intake of fast food, carbonated and energy drinks and reduced intake of fruits and vegetables. The above factors, combined with lack of physical activity, contribute to the development of overweight and obesity, a serious global public health problem in the world, but also in Croatia.
The aim of the study was to examine the eating habits and attitudes of secondary school students about nutrition. The cross-sectional study included secondary school students (N=469) from Medjimurje County who voluntarily and anonymously participated in completing an online survey distributed via Google Forms. A statistically significant difference in the eating habits and attitudes of medical school students compared to students from other secondary schools was confirmed. There is no significant difference in the eating habits and attitudes of students depending on gender, i.e. girls have statistically significantly healthier eating habits and more positive attitudes towards healthy food compared to boys. It turned out that boys have statistically significantly more positive attitudes towards healthy food compared to girls. The results indicate that students who show a positive attitude towards proper nutrition also have healthier eating habits. Also, students who live in urban areas have better eating habits than students who live in rural areas. In conclusion, proper nutrition and physical activity must be an integral part of everyday life, and early recognition and guidance of children and adolescents towards healthy lifestyle habits is particularly important. Obesity prevention is not only an individual responsibility, but also the responsibility of society, which must create conditions for a healthy and quality life for future generations
Health care of patients with an ileostomy
No full textRad pruža sveobuhvatan uvid u zdravstvenu skrb pacijenata s ileostomom, kirurški formiranim otvorom na trbušnoj stijenci koji omogućuje eliminaciju stolice kada prirodni probavni put nije funkcionalan. Detaljno se razmatra cjelokupni proces skrbi, počevši od prijeoperacijske pripreme pacijenata, koja uključuje fizičke i psihološke aspekte, kako bi se olakšao operacijski postupak i pospješio oporavak. Nadalje, naglasak je stavljen na poslijeoperacijsku zdravstvenu njegu, koja uključuje prevenciju komplikacija, edukaciju pacijenata te kontinuirano praćenje njihovog zdravstvenog stanja.
Osim medicinskih aspekata, analiziraju se i prehrambene preporuke prilagođene pacijentima s ileostomom, s ciljem održavanja ravnoteže tekućina i elektrolita te sprječavanja mogućih probavnih tegoba. Također, istaknuta je važnost psihološke podrške, budući da prilagodba na život s ileostomom može imati značajan utjecaj na emocionalno stanje i kvalitetu života pacijenata. U radu se razmatra i uloga medicinskih sestara i tehničara u pružanju sveobuhvatne skrbi, edukaciji pacijenata te osnaživanju njihove samostalnosti u svakodnevnom životu.
Uz to, istražuju se i financijski aspekti povezani s nabavkom medicinskih potrepština te mogućnosti ostvarivanja financijske pomoći. Posebna pažnja posvećena je etičkim i pravnim pitanjima, uključujući pravo na informirani pristanak, zaštitu privatnosti i povjerljivost podataka. Također se analizira potreba za prilagođavanjem pristupa pacijentima različitih kulturnih pozadina kako bi se osigurala kvalitetna i poštovanja vrijedna skrb.
Rad naglašava važnost interdisciplinarnog pristupa, kontinuirane edukacije te individualizacije zdravstvene skrbi kako bi se pacijentima s ileostomom omogućila što bolja prilagodba i očuvanje kvalitete života.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the healthcare of patients with an ileostomy, a surgically created opening in the abdominal wall that allows for the elimination of stool when the natural digestive tract is not functional. The entire care process is discussed in detail, starting with preoperative preparation of patients, which includes physical and psychological aspects, in order to facilitate the surgical procedure and accelerate recovery. Furthermore, emphasis is placed on postoperative healthcare, which includes the prevention of complications, patient education, and continuous monitoring of their health status.
In addition to medical aspects, nutritional recommendations tailored to patients with an ileostomy are analyzed, with the aim of maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance and preventing possible digestive problems. The importance of psychological support is also emphasized, since adjusting to life with an ileostomy can have a significant impact on the emotional state and quality of life of patients. The paper also discusses the role of nurses and technicians in providing comprehensive care, educating patients, and strengthening their independence in everyday life.
In addition, the financial aspects associated with the acquisition of medical supplies and the possibilities of obtaining financial assistance are explored. Special attention is paid to ethical and legal issues, including the right to informed consent, privacy protection and confidentiality of data. The need to adapt the approach to patients from different cultural backgrounds is also analyzed in order to ensure high-quality and respectful care. The paper emphasizes the importance of an interdisciplinary approach, continuing education and individualization of health care in order to enable patients with ileostomy to adapt as best as possible and maintain their quality of life
The Phenomenon of TikTok from the Perspective of Media Psychology
No full textSvakodnevno korištenje društvenih mreža u različitim vrstama komunikacije te njihovi pozitivni i negativni ishodi ukazali su na važnost ispitivanja njihovog utjecaja na razne aspekte ljudskog ponašanja.
U zadnjih nekoliko godina TikTok je postao jedna od najbrže rastućih društvenih mreža. Budući da je TikTok socijalni, virtualni, komunikacijski, obrazovni, zabavni, interaktivni, informacijski i novomedijski fenomen važno ga je sagledati s aspekata psihologije medija.
U radu će se, kroz predstavljanje pojave i povijesti razvoja te temeljnih fenomenoloških pojmova vezanih uz TikTok, pobliže predstaviti ta društvena mreža. Kroz različite teorijske koncepte psihologije medija kroz ovaj rad biti će prikazani utjecaji TikToka na identitet pojedinca i njegove prosocijalne i parasocijalne forme ponašanja.
U drugom dijelu rada kroz istraživanje putem online anketnog upitnika opisani su rezultati istraživanja u svrhu razumijevanja utjecaja TikToka na društvene vrijednosti te svjesnosti korisnika TikToka o algoritmu te društvene mreže.
Rezultati su pokazali da TikTok nije univerzalni motivator za prosocijalno ponašanje, ali su i pokazali da su korisnici TikToka, koji objavljuju vlastite videozapise, medijski pismeni, informirani i svjesni šta je to algoritam TikToka. Oni koji izrađuju vlastite videozapise na TikToku, razumiju i primjenjuju algoritamske strategije, a time postaju aktivna publika koja ciljano prati TikTok. Ti korisnici TikToka poduzimaju inicijativu u smislu izbora medijskog sadržaja koji im donosi zadovoljenje njihovih određenih potreba te su kao korisnici svjesni svojih medijskih potreba, poznaju ih i mogu ih definirati.The everyday use of social networks in various types of communication, along with their positive and negative outcomes, highlights the importance of examining their impact on different aspects of human behavior.
In recent years, TikTok has emerged as one of the fastest-growing social networks. Given that TikTok is a social, virtual, communicative, educational, entertaining, interactive, informational, and new media phenomenon, it is crucial to analyze it from the perspective of media psychology.
This paper will delve into the phenomenon and history of TikTok's development, as well as the fundamental phenomenological concepts associated with it. By exploring various theoretical concepts of media psychology, this paper will demonstrate TikTok's influence on individual identity and its prosocial and parasocial forms of behavior.
In the second part of the paper, the results of research conducted through an online questionnaire are described to understand the impact of TikTok on social values and the awareness of TikTok users about the platform's algorithm.
The findings indicate that TikTok is not a universal motivator for prosocial behavior. However, they also reveal that TikTok users who post their own videos are media literate, informed and aware of the TikTok algorithm.
These content creators understand and apply algorithmic strategies, making them an active audience that follows TikTok in a targeted manner. They take the initiative in selecting media content that satisfies their specific needs. As users, they are aware of their media needs, can identify them, and define them clearly