European Journal of Medical and Health Research
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16S Ribosomal Gene Sequencing, Phylogeny and Multidrug Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Clinical Samples at a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in Nigeria
Get PDFThis work sequenced 16S ribosomal gene, determined phylogeny and multidrug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical samples at a tertiary healthcare facility in Nigeria. A total of 184 clinical specimens were collected from patients and were characterized by standard methods of culturing and biochemical tests. One of the bacterial isolates was selected and subjected to molecular identification using 16S rRNA gene sequencing by Sanger method. P. aeruginosa was subjected to antibiotic sensitivity testing by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique. After culturing, 94 (51.08%) were positive for bacterial growth; out of 94 isolates of P. aeruginosa, 15 (15.96%) were from ear swabs, 14 (14.89%) from skin swabs, 20 (21.28%) from burn wound samples, 18 (19.15) from used cotton wool, 12 (12.76%) from catheter, and 4 (4.25% each) from urine and sputum. Also, this study recorded high prevalence rate of isolates among the female than male (63.83% and 36.17%, respectively), and the highest average (34%) of isolates were recorded among the age group 36-45 years and the lowest prevalence (5.22%) was recorded among the age group 15-25 years. The isolate demonstrated high resistance to beta-lactams (Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Cloxacillin, Augmentin and Ceftazidime). Results also revealed resistance to macrolide (Erythromycin) and sulphonamide (Septrin); and the organism was resistant to two aminoglycosides (Gentamycin and Amikacin) but sensitive to chloramphenicol. The quinolones (Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin and Norfloxacin) were very effective against the bacterium. There was statistically significant difference amongst the zones of inhibition at (P≤ 0.05) exhibited by the different antibiotics. The quinolones may therefore be considered as reserve drugs for the treatment of P. aeruginosa infections. To avoid resistance development, illicit use of antibiotics is not advised. Continued monitoring of antimicrobial resistance patterns in hospitals and community settings is imperative to provide effective therapeutic options
Towards Optimized Management of Bullous Myringitis: A 5-Year Cohort Study Evaluating Treatment Efficacies, Surgical Risks, and Topical Interventions in Contemporary Practice
Get PDFoai:ejmhr.com:article/1Bullous Myringitis (BM) is a pathological condition characterised by the formation of painful blisters on the tympanic membrane, leading to challenges in its management. The present study investigated the effectiveness of BM treatment, the potential risks associated with surgical interventions, and the efficacy of topical therapy. The study consisted of a retrospective cohort analysis spanning a period of five years, involving a total of 50 patients diagnosed with Bullous Myringitis. The study encompassed an examination of various aspects, including demographics, symptoms, treatments, and outcomes. The efficacy of topical treatments was evaluated through a randomised controlled trial (RCT). The application of linear regression was employed in order to ascertain the predictors of treatment outcomes. The present study investigated the participants' quality of life and the occurrence of complications. The most commonly reported complaint, ear pain, demonstrated the greatest efficacy when treated with topical medication. The randomised controlled trial (RCT) demonstrated that the implementation of topical treatment resulted in a notable amelioration of symptoms and an increase in patient satisfaction. The treatment modality was found to be a significant predictor of positive outcomes, while no significant associations were observed between age and gender and treatment outcomes. The application of topical therapy resulted in a decrease in the occurrence of granular myringitis and a reduction in sensorineural hearing loss. The patients indicated an enhancement in their quality of life subsequent to the intervention. Personalised therapeutic strategies, surgical prudence, and topical therapies play a crucial role in the management of BM. This study presents a comprehensive framework for the implementation of evidence-based procedures related to bowel movements. In order to validate these findings, it is recommended that comprehensive, prospective studies be conducted on a large scale
Carotid Web: Current Understanding of Diagnosis and Treatment
Get PDFThe Carotid Web (CaW) is a projection of the intimal layer of the internal carotid artery on the posterior wall into the lumen, with no evidence of calcification. Its prevalence in the general population still lacks more relevant data and studies in the clinical aspect. However, there is a correlation with patients suffering from ischemic stroke, presenting a 1.2% frequency. The literature also reveals the CaW, as a cause of cryptogenic stroke (25% of cases). The CaW can cause hemodynamic changes within the vessel, predisposing to platelet aggregation and increase the chance of thromboembolism and stroke events
Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of the Antibacterial Properties of Five Plant Species on Aeromonas hydrophila
Get PDFPhytochemicals are bioactive compounds that have protective or disease preventive properties which are considered to be beneficial to human health. Plants have been used to cure various diseases of humans for ages. Five different plants; Mangifera indica, Psidium guajava, Persea americana, Allium cepa and Tithonia diversifolia were screened for their phytochemical properties. The plants were obtained from Jos North LGA of Plateau state. The leaves were destalked, washed and dried under shade and then grounded into powder, 250g of each plant powder was soaked in 500ml of 95% ethanol and water in beakers. After 48 hours, the fluid was sieved and filtered. The filtrate was then concentrated with the aid of an evaporator at 65OC. The plant extracts were screened for the presence of bio-agents and antibacterial activity using standard procedures. The phytochemical profile of the extracts of the five plants showed that flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenols, terpenes and cardiac glycosides were present. The results revealed that all the plant species showed antibacterial activity on Aeromonas hydrophila, with the ethanolic extracts of P. guajava exhibiting the highest inhibitory effect on the organism with inhibition mean zone of 21.05mm at a concentration of 250mg/ml. These were followed by the ethanolic extracts of M. indica and P. americana with mean zones of 18.16 and 13.39 mm respectively. Antibiotic resistance by microorganisms is a serious public health concern. This study has demonstrated that some plant extracts can be a means of treating Aeromonas infections which is cost effective with minimal side effects
Diabetes & Eye: Dual Challenge Dealt with Homoeopathy
Get PDFWhen a person’s blood sugar levels elevate beyond normal ranges, the body undergoes a condition known as hyperglycemia or diabetes that can harm several organs of the body. The elevated glucose level can lead to insulin resistance. As a result of surging of blood glucose levels, the Protein Kinase C (PKC) is activated thereby expediting polyol pathway. These inflammatory mechanisms ultimately harm the body as a whole there by affecting organs like eyes, nerves & blood vessels. The article looks into the inflammatory processes while describing the altered physiology & the ensuing pathology inside the body. The current article looks into the current situation of this issue in India. Thereafter the article discusses the diagnosis, prevention & management of this condition. Following that, it explores what homoeopathy can offer to deal with these cases. Suggestive treatment protocol, dietary regimen strategies are discussed as way forward for tackling this challenge
Application of Magic Light Technology for Cancer and Tumor Treating
Get PDFReprogramming of cancer cells with Magic Light device and technology and treating of cancers and tumors by this method were investigated in both pre-clinical and clinical trials. The main parameters of the Magic Light system and its importance for effective treating cancers and tumors were investigated and described. The observed treatment effect was caused by high frequency RF irradiation and depends on carrier frequency, frequency of modulation and RF power density. There are possible physical explanations for the influence of RF waves on the cancer cells’ genes condition and on their activity. This effect has already been noted in a pre-clinical trial for the treating of Melanoma in a dog and in a clinical trial for the treating of women with Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) grade III with a laboratory version of the experimental device, named “Magic Light”
Transforming U.S. Healthcare Profitability through Data-Driven Decision Making: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions
Get PDFAmid escalating costs and tightening margins, U.S. healthcare organizations face increasing pressure to enhance profitability while maintaining quality care. Data-Driven Decision-Making (DDDM) has emerged as a transformative approach for improving operational efficiency and financial sustainability. U.S. healthcare companies under growing pressure to improve profitability while keeping excellent treatment among rising expenses and limited margins. Emerging as a transforming strategy for increasing operational efficiency and financial sustainability is DDDM. Primary data from structured polls and interviews with healthcare executives (N = 100+) and secondary data including financial records, electronic health records (HER) system use, and performance measures were combined under a cross-sectional study design. Low, medium, and high DDDM adoption groups were established by organizations. While inferential analysis including regression modeling and correlation matrices evaluated the relationship between DDDM levels and financial performance, descriptive statistics compiled organizational profiles. High-DDDM companies showed notably better average return on investment (9.3%) than medium (8.1%) and low adopters (6.9%). From 8.1% in low adopters to 11.7% in high adopters, operating margins were likewise more robust. Regression study verified that, even after accounting for organizational size, location, and patient volume, DDDM level was a significant predictor of profitability. Strongly favorable correlations between all the financial indicators were identified using correlation analysis. Ultimately, the results showed that better and more consistent financial results are favorably correlated with advanced DDDM acceptance. Healthcare companies that give analytics integration priority get clear benefits in operational profitability and efficiency. These findings highlighted the strategic importance of data maturity and helped to justify more analytics capability funding. Particularly in resource- constrained environments, policymakers should consider encouraging DDDM acceptance to guarantee fair access to data-driven innovation in healthcare
Situational Analysis in Responding to Emerging and Re-Emerging Epidemics: A Case Study of Dodoma City in Tanzania
Get PDFBackground information: Currently the World is experiencing numerous calamities due to various causes such as pathogens in terms of epidemics and change of weather patterns. However the modalities of preparedness in the public health sector has slow growth. This study hypothesised that handling of epidemics in Tanzania lacks the trained staff and health facilities lack the capacity in case such scenario strike. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dodoma city to assess the preparedness of the health sector to handle emergencies. The study was conducted for a period of seven months (March – October, 2020 using Semi-structured questionnaire were used to collect data in health facilities of Dodoma city in Tanzania. The data were collected from health care providers whose selection was based on their willingness to participate and location of the health facilities. The study determined the preparedness of the health sector and personnel on occurrence of epidemics. Results: Eighty four (84) participants were involved: 61.9% mentioned an epidemic to be a disease which is emerging, 76.2% characterised epidemic as a disease with first occurrence, 23.8% as a disease with high incidence rate. 73.8%, 92.9%, 70.2% of the participants were aware that simulation, biosafety measures and team preparedness could contain epidemics, respectively. It was noted that simulation could be significant is practised effectively among health workers, team formulation and the chain of communication during outbreaks. Conclusion and recommendation: The capacity of the health system to respond to epidemics in Tanzania needs to be strengthened in terms of human resource and facilities; so as to facilitate periodic simulations for health personnel to handle epidemics
Ectopic Pregnancy with Ovarian Tropism: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Get PDFOvarian pregnancy is a rare form of extra uterine pregnancy. It is a particular pathology in terms of its clinical presentation, diagnosis and therapeutic management. We report a case of ovarian extra uterine pregnancy managed laparoscopically
Revolutionizing Sterile Sample Culturing: Cost-Effective Centrifugation Techniques for Research in Resource- Constrained Settings
Get PDFIntroduction: The yield (culture positive rate) of sterile body fluids in patients was found to be less than 50%. It has been demonstrated that centrifuging body fluid before culturing increases yield. Using concentrated bacterial samples to enhance culture growth is a more effective alternative. We sought to determine whether sterile fluid culture yield was increased by centrifugation. Methods: Patients whose body fluids were received in sufficient quantity in the microbiology lab were enrolled. Sterile body fluids culture was carried out after centrifugation and by routine conventional inoculation method which was taken as a reference method. Results: 250 samples were included in the study over six months. Of the 250 samples, 15 came positive by the conventional method and 37 came positive by centrifugation technique. Comparisons were made between the turnaround times for the two methods. However, the centrifugation approach immediately produced positive Gram stain results for 19 samples (p = 0.03) while the reference method only produced three positive results. When compared to using the reference technique, the centrifugation method achieved bacterial identification and sensitivity on average more quickly (p 0.00001). Conclusion: The centrifugation technique was successful in producing the desired outcomes and may be used in the future with such precious samples. The centrifugation technique may shorten the turnaround time for culture reports, improving the management of infectious disorders