European Journal of Medical and Health Research
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The Influence of Injury Mechanism on Timely Wound Closure in Acute Conflict-Related Extremity Trauma
Full text linkBackground: The nature and environment of conflict-related extremity wounds make them highly difficult to manage due to the mechanisms of injury and contaminated environments. Determining the differences in individual mechanisms of injury on early wound closure may assist in organizing and optimizing wound management protocols .Objective: This study aimed to explore the correlation between mechanism of injury and early wound closure rates among patients with acute conflict-related extremity wounds .Methods: This retrospective cohort study reviewed 342 patients who received treatment for conflict-related extremity wounds from a private hospital in Baghdad city between January 2019 and December 2023. Patients were stratified by mechanism of injury: explosive blast (n=156), gunshot wounds (n=98), fragmentation injuries (n=61), and crush injuries (n=27). The primary outcome was successful wound closure at 14 days. Secondary outcomes included time to wound closure, wound infection rates, and revision surgery .Results: Overall successful wound closure was 68.4% at fourteen days. There was also a statistically significant variation among groups with gunshot wounds having the highest wound closure rates (78.6%), followed by fragmentation injuries (72.1%), crush injuries (63.0%), and explosive blast injuries (58.3%). The mean time to wound closure also varied significantly with gunshot wounds having a mean of 8.2 ± 3.1 days, while blast injuries took more than three days longer, with a mean of 11.7 ± 4.2 days (p<0.001). In terms of infection rates, the infections occurred higher rates with blast injuries (34.6%) when compared to other mechanisms of injury (p<0.05) .Conclusions: Mechanisms of injury do significantly impact early wound closure of conflict-related extremity wounds, with the clear healing characteristics of gunshot wounds, at least partially attributable to less destruction of tissue and contamination due to the gunshot itself. Further studies will better elucidate whether the differences warrant specific treatment protocols based on mechanism of injury, or whether there will be decreased effectiveness of any standardized protocols for wound management at early stages in the healing process
Comparative Analysis of Haemolysin Production and Complement Levels in Indigenous Rabbits (Oryclolagus cunicali) and Other Animal Species
Full text linkThe complement system is an essential part of the immune response, defending against infections and contributing to inflammation. This studyfocuses on haemolysin production and complement levels in local rabbits, using subcutaneous and intravenous inoculation. It also evaluatedcomplement levels in various animal species and healthy humans for comparison. Serum samples were collected, and the complement fixationtest was performed using sheep red blood cells as markers. The findings revealed changes in red blood cell lysis with different haemolysin dilutions over time. The study also provides information on complement minimum haemolytic dose concentrations in various animal species. A graph illustrates the antibody levels in response to different inoculation routes. This research enhances our understanding of haemolysin and complement levels, emphasizing the need for standardized protocols and larger population studies to explore clinical implications to benefit immunological studies
Adverse Cutaneous Drug Reaction
Full text linkDrug-induced skin disease or cutaneous adverse drug reaction (CADR) is a term encompassing clinical manifestations of the skin, induced by drugs or their metabolites. The skin is the organ most commonly affected by drug reactions, affecting up to 10% of hospitalized patients and can occur in 1–3% of her polypharmacy patients. Most CADRs are mild or self-resolving conditions. The most frequently reported are macular papular rash, urticaria/angioedema, fixed drug eruption and erythema multiforme. Less common but more severe patterns include, drug reactions with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, and the Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis spectrum. Almost any drug can induce CADR, but antibiotics (especially sulfa drugs), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and antiepileptic drugs are most commonly implicated. Various mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of CADR, some of which are still unknown. Which may be immune mediated or non-immune mediated Recognition of a specific CADR depends primarily on the physician's ability to perform a detailed clinical examination, an accurate description of the skin lesion morphology, and corroboration of laboratory and/or skin biopsy findings
The Association Between Maternal Nutritional Status During Pregnancy and Caries Experience in Their Offspring: A Literature Review
Full text linkPrevious studies have discovered intergenerational linkage between maternal nutritional status and the subsequent health of their offspring. This literature review aimed to explore the connection between the nutritional status of mothers during pregnancy and the occurrence of dental caries in their children. PubMed and Scopus were used for searching articles, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) protocol. The process involved eliminating duplicate articles, and further refinement included articles published within the timeframe of 2013-2023 and those published in the English language. Review articles, studies involving animals, letters to the editor, book sections, and conference proceedings were excluded. Articles that did not provide information on the variables of interest and sample details were also excluded. Data extraction included author names, article titles, publication years, study designs, indicators of maternal nutritional status, type of dentition under consideration, and the reported outcomes. After meticulous removal of duplicate articles and careful application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 7 articles met the study's eligibility criteria. The study results collectively indicated that lower levels and intake of maternal plasma vitamin D, reduced maternal plasma folate levels, inadequate gestational weight gain, and overall poor maternal nutritional status were associated with an increased risk of dental caries in their children. It is crucial for mothers to maintain a diet that guarantees the adequate nutrition of the developing fetus
Short Lingual Frenulum as a Risk Factor for Cerebral Vasculopathies
Full text linkIntroduction: Tongue is the first functioning organ in the embryonic era. Its developmental alterations can result in malfunctions with damage in distant districts. Craniocervical anatomy suggests that tongue dysfunction may be involved in the damage to the arteriovenous encephalic flow. Objective: To evaluate the possible relationship between short frenulum and cerebral vasal problems. Method: We conducted an epidemiological research comparing the presence of vascular problems in families where the visited subject had short frenulum (which is a genetically transmitted pathology) and families where the visited subject did not have abnormality of the frenulum. Results: The presence of short tongue frenulum was correlated with the presence of episodes of vascular damage in about 80% of cases, while in families not affected by this tongue alteration the percentage of damage was between 10 and 13%. Conclusions: The enormous influence that the presence of an altered tongue frenulum seems to have on the future possibility of developing vascular problems should induce a more careful assessment of the presence of an incorrect-sized frenulum
Recurrent Malignant Gliomas
Full text linkMaterials and methods: We report a retrospective series of 120 patients treated for recurrent malignant gliomas with bevacizumab alone 2013-2018.There are 120 patients (pts) including 60 women and 80 Men with a sex ratio of 1.2. Results: There are 120 patients (pts) including 60 women and 80 Men with a sex ratio of 1.2. All patients had a surgery. the majority had a large or subtotal excision. 80 pts received Stupp protocole and 40 pts a radiotherapy alone. The reccurence was treated with Bevacizumab alone, 3 pts had a Complete Response, 40 Partial Response, 30 stable response and 45 pts a progression. We report a good tolerance, one pts had a proteinurie grade 3, one grade 1, one patient had a moderate high Blood Pressure, and the last one had a hematuria. Conclusion: Young age, good GE and quality of surgical excision are predictive factors for a good prognosis. Bevacizumab remains the recommended drug for recurrent glioblastomas with good tolerance
Chronic Bladder Retention Due to Lip Coalescence: A Case Report
Full text linkCoalescence of the labia minora is defined as partial or complete adhesion of the labia minora. Complete labial fusion is a rare condition in adults. Coalescence of the labia minora generally occurs in early childhood and in prepubertal girls. It is a rare entity in women of childbearing age, except in cases of hypo oestrogenism. In general, micturition dysfunction is a rare complication of labia minora coalescence. We report the case of an 18-year-old female with complete and severe labia minora coalescence complicated by bladder retention
Laparoscopic Management of Pregnancy in a U4 Uterine Malformarion: A Case Report
Full text linkPregnancy in a rudimentary uterine horn is an extremely rare and potentially serious obstetric situation, threatening the maternal-foetal prognosis. Pregnancy can occur accidentally in the rudimentary horn. This is a true extra uterine pregnancy with a risk of rupture during the second trimester of pregnancy, which is why it must be diagnosed and managed rapidly from the start of pregnancy. We report the case of a patient with an arrested pregnancy on a rudimentary horn managed laparoscopically