European Journal of Medical and Health Research
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Attitude of Physicians Toward Patient Experience in Primary Health Care Settings, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Get PDFBackground: Patient experience is defined as reflecting the events in the care process. Therefore, it provides relevant information about the performance of the healthcare system and workers in meeting the patient's needs. It is considered to be an essential outcome of healthcare quality.Objective: This study aims to assess the Attitude of primary health care (PHC) physicians toward patient experience in Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC).Materials and Methods: This study was conducted among working primary healthcare physicians in PSMMC, Saudi Arabia, in March 2022. A three-part self-administered questionnaire was used; the first part was on the participants' sociodemographic, academic, and work profiles. The second part consists of 13 questions assessing the Attitude assessed on a Likert scale of 5 points, and the last part concerns physicians' practice on patient experience. The data that was gathered from the survey was analyzed with the help of SPSS.Results: The total number of participants was 173 physicians representing the PHC physicians in PSMMC, with a response rate of 94%. The average Attitude of PHC physicians toward the Patient experience is (4.33), considered a high level. The best score was given for the definition of patient experience (4.45 points), followed by the role of communication between Physician and patient on patient experience (4.43 points). The lowest score is given to the recommendation to CBAHI to enhance physician-patient communication as an accreditation standard. The SHO category shows the lowest attitude score (3.7909) in comparison with other categories of positions with significant statistical differences. The average Practice of physicians toward patient Experience is (4.15), considered a high level with no statistically significant differences between different categories.Conclusion: This study showed that PHC physicians in PSMMC had an overall positive attitude and Practice toward the patient experience, with the SHO physicians obtaining a lower level than the rest of the categories
Invasive Meningococcal Disease in North Batina, Oman in 2023. A Case Study
Get PDFInvasive Meningococcal Disease is a severe bacterial infection with a high fatality rate particularly in young children. It is caused by Neisseria meningitidis bacteria which colonizes the nasopharynx. The transmission is by direct contact with droplets or discharge from an infected person or a carrier. Invasive meningococcal disease commonly presents as meningitis or meningococcemia. Acute meningococcemia progresses rapidly with a characteristic purpuric rash. Confirmation of the disease is through isolating the bacteria from sterile body fluids (CSF, blood). Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial. Recognizing purpuric rash as a late symptom of meningococcemia is important. Vaccination remains remains the best prevention. In this case study we present the details of a 12-year-old Omani child with rapidly progressive fulminant meningococcemia, leading to death
Insight into the Antibiotic Susceptibility Algorithm Procedures for Detecting Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacter Cloacae
Get PDFThe sudden increase in the predominance and clinical impact of infection caused by carbapenem resistance Enterobacter cloacae (CR-ECL) is a global health concern. CR-ECL is notably problematic when identified in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Due to CR-ECL's intrinsic resistance to most cephalosporin and carbapenem and their ability to spread and colonize patients in healthcare settings, identifying and preventing the transmission of these organisms is a significant public health initiative, and coordinated international efforts are needed. Following established antibiotic susceptibility algorithms ensures a systematic and comprehensive assessment of bacterial resistance patterns. This approach helps identify potential resistance mechanisms and guide effective treatment strategies. The algorithm approach considers clinical factors such as patient history, site of infection, and local resistance patterns, enhancing the relevance and applicability of susceptibility testing results to individual patient management. Importantly, continuously monitoring CR-ECL antibiotic resistance patterns and surveillance of emerging resistance mechanisms is essential to adapting and refining antibiotic susceptibility algorithms to evolving clinical needs. This review highlights our current understanding of CR-ECL, emphasizing their epidemiology, detection, treatment, and control
Maternal Age as a Determinant of Placental Morphology and Morphometry at Term Pregnancy: A Cross-sectional Study of Selected Hospitals in Rivers State, Southern Nigeria
Get PDFThe placenta which is a crucial intermediary in maternal-fetal exchanges, undergoes intricate structural changes throughout gestation, culminating in its fully developed form at term. The potential impact of maternal age on pregnancy and fetal outcomes has generated interest. This study aimed to investigate the intricate relationships between maternal age, and placental morphology and morphometry at term pregnancy. This study was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study with a systematic sampling technique, which meticulously collected and examined 250 placentae postpartum. Rigorous cleansing under running water preceded comprehensive assessments and precise measurements. Detailed maternal histories were obtained to facilitate comprehensive contextual analysis. Descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) were complemented by inferential analyses (ANOVA and Pearson correlation), with significance level set at p<0.05. Among the reviewed placentae (n=250), statistically significant relationships exist between maternal age and some placental parameters. Notably, maternal age exhibited positive associations with placental thickness (p=0.048), placental weight (p=0.014), and the number of cotyledons (p=0.028). However, no statistically significant relationships were identified between maternal age and placental shape (p=0.977) or placental diameter (p=0.070). Maternal age significantly influences pregnancy outcomes. Maternal age affects placental morphometry more than placental morphology
Trichomoniasis Detection Rate Among Female Patients Consulting Different Clinics in Duhok City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Get PDFBackground: Trichomoniasis is a highly prevalent sexually transmitted infection which leads to several public health risks such as urethritis, vaginitis, eventually abortion and sterility and it has been associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).Aim of the study: The current cross-sectional study was conducted to measure the rate of Trichomoniasis among female patients consulting different clinics based on direct examination of vaginal swabs, urine samples and cervical discharges specimens.Materials and method: A total of 276 specimens (106 vaginal, 169 urine and 9 cervical) were collected from females aged 18 -45 years consulting four clinics from November, 2022 to May, 2023. The desired patient information was obtained through a designed questionnaire sheet. All specimens processed and examined by direct microscopy following standard protocols. Results were analyzed statistically by Chi-square test and a p value ≥ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The overall rate of positivity was 9.78% (27 out 276). The detection rates by examining vaginal swab wet mount, urine wet mount and cervical wet mount methods were 14.15% (15 out of 106), 6.21% (10 out of 161) and 22.22% (2 out of 9) respectively. There were almost no significant differences between the infection and socio-demographic variables and methods used.Conclusion: The direct microscopy of vaginal swab or urine specimens still has a useful ability to discover positive cases. In order to increase positivity rates additional more sensitive diagnostic techniques such as regular polymerase chain reaction methods for suspected cases are recommended
Comparative Effects of Isometric Quadriceps Training, Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulphate Iontophoresis on Pain Intensity and Physical Functions of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Get PDFThis study was with a view to comparing the effective means of alleviating pain and improving physical functions in patients with knee osteoarthritis using quadriceps strengthening exercises, glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate iontophoresis. Seventy-eight participants with grade II knee OA were purposively selected and randomly assigned to three groups using fish bowl technique. Group one participants received 1g of glucosamine sulphate (GS) through iontophoresis while group two received 1g of chondroitin sulphate (CS) iontophoresis (40mA- min as dosage) using trans-arthral electrode placement technique twice a week, for 12 weeks. Group three participants had intervention in the form of quadriceps muscle strengthening exercise (1RM, 10 reps and 3 sets), which was a baseline treatment for all the groups. Pain intensity, active knee range of motion and physical function were assessed. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Kruskal-wallis test were used to analyze the data. Alpha level was set at p ≤ 0.05. The three modes of interventions significantly alleviated pain (p = 0.001), improved the Functional Activity Level and active ranges of motion (p = 0.001) in the groups after 12 weeks. Although, the administration of Quadriceps strengthening exercise alone, significantly improved the Functional Activity Level than Chondroitin sulphate iontophoresis and Glucosamine sulphate (H = 19.89, p = 0.001). However; there was no significant difference in the active range of motion across the 3 groups. In conclusion, Quadriceps strengthening exercise, Glucosamine and Chondroitin sulphate iontophoresis were effective in alleviating pain, enhancing range of motions and improving physical functions. However, Quadriceps strengthening exercise showed higher efficacy compared to others
Menkes Disease
Get PDFMenkes disease (MD) is a serious mother-to-child disease transmitted by the X sexual chromosome. Copper is involved in the formation of red blood cells, the absorption and utilization of iron, the metabolism of cholesterol and glucose, and the synthesis and release of life-sustaining proteins and enzymes. These enzymes in turn produce cellular energy and regulate nerve transmission, blood clotting, and oxygen transport. There is no cure for this disease
Impact of Detox Diets on Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: Implications for Weight Loss, Metabolic Health, and Clinical Practice
Get PDFDetox diets, including intermittent fasting, ketogenic, Paleo, vegetarian, Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Whole30, are notable strategies for managing obesity and metabolic syndrome. This review evaluates these diets, highlighting their benefits and limitations. Intermittent fasting methods like 16/8 and 5:2 aid weight management and improve insulin sensitivity, while ketogenic diets induce rapid weight loss and enhance metabolic markers through ketosis. The Paleo diet supports weight loss and better blood glucose control by focusing on whole foods and avoiding processed items. Vegetarian and Mediterranean diets also aid weight management and metabolic health, with the former improving blood sugar control through high fiber and the latter offering anti-inflammatory benefits from healthy fats. The DASH diet reduces blood pressure and supports weight loss, and the Whole30 diet promotes weight loss and reduces inflammation by eliminating processed foods. Anti-inflammatory, plant-based, and vegan diets contribute to weight loss and metabolic health through high nutrient density and reduced processed food intake. Detox diets may offer temporary weight loss and metabolic benefits, but their restrictive nature often limits long-term sustainability and clinical feasibility. Effective use requires careful individualization and ongoing monitoring. Further research is needed to assess their long-term effects, safety, and impact on diverse populations. Advances in personalized nutrition could improve their effectiveness in managing obesity and metabolic syndrome. While promising, these diets require careful management to maximize benefits and minimize risks
Novel Biomarkers in Histopathology: Implications for Diagnosis and Prognosis
Get PDFIdentification of new biomarkers in histopathology for better understanding of disease diagnosis and outcome has received interest. Significant progresses have been achieved in these fronts in cancer diagnosis through biomarkers in different tumors including Ki-67. Ki-67 is a biomarker that is used to support its diagnostic and prognostic cost showing potential in diseases like gliomas, meningiomas, medulloblastomas, and ependymomas. HER2 is overexpressed for the diagnosis and predictability of breast cancer, while MSMB and PSG2 are ideal biomarkers for prostate adenocarcinoma. Cancer has dominated most of the study conducted within this field, therefore it is important for the research to go on and apply these new biomarkers in clinical facilities for enhancement in diagnosis and prediction of other diseases. It is noteworthy that other directions, for instance therapeutic response, reveal a considerable rise in comparison with the indicators of the last year. Some of the new biomarkers require additional new complex and costly technology, but the researchers agree that these discoveries and practising the new biomarkers should help clinicians make a better decision depending on the correct assessment of the patient’s state. Moreover, many biomarkers still need confirming in the samples used as examinations. Today, new biomarkers that are applied to cancer diagnostics are based on the availability of simple samples including sweat, urine, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva. It is important to increase the use of such samples since obtaining them is easy, and the subject can be sampled with little or no interferences at all in terms of invasiveness. The convenience not only increases the willingness of the patient in compliance to the diagnostic process, but also delivers a far enhanced healthcare experience and results. Therefore, with the help of the biomarkers presented earlier and implementing them together with other innovative state of the art techniques for detection and identification, the process has been revolutionized. They possess remarkable features that are essential owing to the fact that biomarker molecules that cannot be identified by routine assessment modalities because of structural or molecular weight differences are well highlighted. In other words, these techniques have provided a first-of-its-kind approach to recognising and identifying innovative evaluation and analysis techniques for biomarkers. However, it is imperative that such strategies come with related costs and expenses in order to be executed. However, relying on the mentioned considerations, mass spectrometry is invariably recognized as probably the most advisable and definitely the preferred option to implement in laboratories or commercial as well as medical facilities. Over all while the cost implication of mass spectrometry are somewhat high they are offset by the advantages of high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the technique. It has evolved as a critical asset for biomarker analysis and clinical use, which in the long run results in better prognosis of cancer and precise therapy intercession. They add that the ongoing upgrade and enhancement of mass spectrometry technologies produce new advances in biomarker analysis, thus maintaining mass spectrometry as the focus of the biomarker
The Attitude Regarding Social Interaction and Communication Problems among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Get PDFAutism spectrum disorder [ASD] is defined as a neurodevelopmental condition which is classically characterized by social interaction and communication difficulties with restrictive, repetitive behaviors and interests as the name suggests a spectrum of different presentations is possible ranging from severe disability all the way to cognitive strengths. Autism spectrum disorder [ASD] is a range of neurodevelopmental disorder that involves delays and the development of many basic skills and functions, including the ability to socialize and to communicate.The samples required for the study was collected from children with autism, of Amara Soundarya Foundation, Special School, Bengaluru. The size of the sample was 65. random sampling method is used in the study.Other findings highlight significant perceived barriers, such as inadequate training of teachers and limited access to specialized interventions. For instance, 43.1% agreed, and 23.1% strongly agreed that limited access to specialized interventions is a barrier. Furthermore, a notable 52.3% agreed, and 16.9% strongly agreed that children with ASD face social interaction barriers in their environment.Overall, the results underline a strong consensus on the importance of structured interventions, peer interaction, and adequate support systems for enhancing social skills in children with ASD, alongside a recognition of systemic barriers in addressing these needs