European Journal of Medical and Health Research
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Yogic Lifestyle for Health and Happiness
Get PDFYoga is a time-honored tradition that includes physical postures, breathing techniques, meditation, ethical observances, and self-discipline. It presents a well-rounded perspective on attaining overall well-being and cultivating inner joy. Consistent practice of yoga poses can also enhance heart health. By incorporating pranayama into their routine, people can learn to breathe mindfully, which can ease anxiety and enhance respiratory function. Incorporating yoga into our daily routine can lead to remarkable improvements in both physical health and mental well-being
Impact of Basic Life Support Training Program among Saudi Primary School Teachers in Riyadh
Get PDFIntroduction: Basic Life Support (BLS) training plays a crucial role in equipping individuals to provide immediate emergency care until medical help is available. In the school setting, where injuries are common among students, teachers serve as primary caregivers and first responders. This study aimed to assess the impact of BLS training on the resuscitation knowledge and skills of primary school teachers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Methods: A randomized interventional trial was conducted with 48 primary school teachers, aged 23 to 50 years. After providing a concise BLS training program, participants completed a pre-and post-test questionnaire assessing their understanding of resuscitation techniques. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for data analysis.Results: Before the BLS training, the participants demonstrated limited knowledge and skills in resuscitation techniques. For instance, only 20.8% correctly identified the ideal compression depth, and 33.3% were unsure about the ideal steps for Basic Life Support. However, after the training, a significant improvement was observed in participants' knowledge and skills, with a higher percentage answering correctly in the post-training questionnaire (e.g., 87.5% correctly identified the recommended compression rate, and 75% accurately identified the ideal steps for Basic Life Support). Conclusion: This study highlights the positive impact of BLS training on the resuscitation knowledge and skills of primary school teachers in Riyadh. Primary school teachers can enhance emergency response capabilities and contribute to student safety, by providing teachers with the necessary knowledge and practical skills. These findings emphasize the importance of implementing targeted training programs in schools to improve resuscitation education for teachers
Non-Gravid Uterine Inversion in a Postmenopausal Woman Using a Combined Vaginal and Laparoscopic Approach: A Case Report
Get PDFNon-puerperal uterine inversion is an extremely rare medical and surgical emergency. It is more commonly described in obstetrics, exposing the mother to the risk of cataclysmic delivery haemorrhage. We report the case of a 48 year old patient presenting with acute 4th degree uterine inversion on a submucosal fundial myoma. Total interannexal hysterectomy was performed via a double approach: vaginal and laparoscopic. The laparoscopic approach enabled the diagnosis to be confirmed and the hysterectomy to be performed in complete safety
Somatic Genome Editing: Technical Challenges and Ethical Appraisal
Get PDFThe ability to modify the DNA sequences with molecular tools that employ nucleases has made it possible to edit genomes. Somatic genome editing is the procedure to alter the genome of somatic cells, making the changes introduced into the nucleotide sequence not inheritable. Powerful tools have been developed for therapeutic purposes to correct monogenic inherited disorders that often cause premature death and for which effective treatment options are not available. To ensure positive impact and minimise potential harms of these techniques, require to understand their limits in addition to apply values and principles that guide their use. This study reviews technical challenges of genome editing and appraises the Ethics of its application
Ergonomic Design as a Determinant for the Prevalence of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Office-Based Civil Servants in Ondo State, Nigeria
Get PDFSeveral reformations in the Civil Service have transformed the day-to-day activities in the sector from paper to the use of computer sets. However, the use of computer is characterized with high sedentary lifestyles and repetitive tasks among office-based workers, but there are limited studies conducted to evaluate the effect of this new working condition among civil servants. This study was conducted to investigate ergonomic design as a determinant of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Office-based Civil Servants in Ondo State, Nigeria. Ethical approval was obtained for this study. The study was a cross-sectional design using multistage sampling techniques to recruit 308 respondents. Structured and adapted questionnaires were used to assess ergonomic designs in offices and prevalence of pain. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20, descriptive statistics was used for sociodemographic of respondents and Spearman rho’s correlation coefficient was used to compare relationship between variables. Results were presented in tables and charts. Majority of the respondents were female, married and between the ages 30-34. The mean age of the respondents was 36.21±8.75 years. 35 of the respondents were confounders and were exempted from completing the study on pain. There was 92.7%, 59.1% and 19.4% of 12 months, one week and point pain prevalence respectively among the 273 respondents that participated fully in the study. Most respondents have poor knowledge of ergonomics (61.9%) but 96.7% have good ergonomic practices (96.7%). There was no significant relationship between ergonomic design and prevalence of WRMSD (r=0.090, p=0.136), but there was a significant relationship between ergonomic practice and ergonomic awareness (r=0.247, p=0.001). Also, there was significant relationship between office ergonomic practice and prevalence of WRMSD (r=-0.142, p=0.019). Ergonomic design is not a determinant for the prevalence of WRMSD. However, the knowledge and correct practice of ergonomic among office-based civil servants can help to reduce the prevalence of WRMSD. Therefore, it is recommended that government should ensure the implementation of correct ergonomic practices in Civil Service. Also, government should provide regular trainings such as seminars and conferences on ergonomics for their workers
Effect of Adverse Childhood Experiences on the Mental Health of Adults
Get PDFBackground: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are traumatic incidents before the age of 18 years that can lead to health problems. Globally, it is estimated that 40 million children suffer from abuse or neglect. ACEs have long-term effects on physical and mental health. There is a lack of research on the prevalence of ACEs in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, information is scarce regarding the correlation between ACEs and the mental health of adults. This study was conducted to assess the impact of ACEs on mental health (social anxiety disorder (SAD), aggression, and low self-esteem) among adults in the Middle Region of Saudi Arabia.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 430 adults. An online self-administered questionnaire was used, and it included five sections, which are sociodemographic characteristics, assessment of ACEs, aggression, SAD, and self-esteem.Results: The prevalence of ACEs was high, with 48% of participants reporting having five or more ACEs. There was a significant association between ACEs and aggression. Those with a high level of aggression had a higher score of ACEs compared to those with low aggression levels (6.3 ± 2.6 Vs. 3.2 ± 2.2). This difference was statistically highly significant (F= 26.7 and p <.0001). Participants with a high level of SAD had a higher score of ACEs compared to those with low SAD levels (5.5 ± 2.5 Vs. 3.9 ± 2.5). This difference was statistically highly significant (F= 21.7 and p <.0001). Those with a low level of self-esteem had a higher score of ACEs compared to those with high self-esteem levels (6.6 ± 1.8 Vs 3.4 ± 2.3). This difference was statistically highly significant (F= 29.3 and p <.0001).Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of ACEs among adults. ACEs were significantly linked to low self-esteem, aggression, and SAD in adulthood. Sexual abuse and physical neglect were identified as common predictors of these mental health issues. It is recommended that other studies to be conducted to explore the key factors contributing to the high prevalence of ACEs and to understand the impact of ACEs on the physical health of adults as well
Study the Seroclearance of HBs Antigen in Patients with Confirmed Hepatitis B Infection During Receiving nucleotide Analougue in Comparison with No Treatment
Get PDFChronic HBV infection is defined as persistence of hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBSAg) for at least six months, and the testing strategy involves an initial serological test to detect HbsAg followed by HBV DNA viral load to help guide treatment decision. After recovery from acute HBV infection, the levels of HbsAg become undetectable. HbsAg concentrations differ during the varying longitudinal phases of disease and are generally higher in individuals with detectable HbeAg. With the development of novel antiviral agents to treat CHB, there has been renewed interest in using HbsAg loss as a therapeutic endpoint and predict the seroclearance. A total of 40 samples were collected from patients infected with Hbs viral infection who are outpatients to Abu Ghraib General Hospital, Baghdad and Al-Qaim General Hospital in Al-Qaim city and Fallujah Teaching hospital for maternity and children and Many private laboratories in Fallujah city from 15th October 2022 to 2nd March 2023.The included patients in this study were patients who are infected with Hepatitis B (Hbs) Virus infection from different stages of infection (especially the end stage of infection) or recovered from the infection. A questionnaire was applied during sample collection to gather the information from patients including: age, Gender, Type of drug, Stage of disease, Time from infection, HBS viral load if present, liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP) if present. Many of those information were excluded because of its none availability for many patients. One of the most important stages that any patient infected with HBs virus aim to reach it is the seroclearance stage when he would be eligible to practice his activities normally as a carrier for the infection. Therefore; this study aims to study the patient characteristics that might be correlate with attaining the seroclearance state including the age, gender, disease stage and specifically the type of drug. The study results showed that among 30 patients randomly selected with confirmed HBs infection recently, the number of Males (19) is higher than Females (11) and the concentration of HBs Ag is higher in the males (15.170 ± 6.51 ng/ml) than females (14.40 ± 7.66 ng/ml) with no significant differences calculated statistically (P value > 0.05). The mean of ages in our study was 41.8 ± 13.4 years and the percentage of ages higher than 35 years (30%) was lower than younger patients under 35 years (70%) indicating that most of infected people were younger age groups from our population. The concentrations of HBs Ag in the patients older than 35 years were lower significantly (15.0 ± 6.9 ng/ml; P value = 0.02) than the patients younger than 35 years (15.5 ± 6.9 ng/ml) without presence of significant correlation between ages and gender (P value = 0.282). Most of the patients that included in our study were patients with end or advanced stage of infection who may receive drug for treatment of not (93.3 %) with a mean (14.95142857 ± 6.896200152 ng/ml) compared with those who were in the initial stages of therapy who represent a low percentage of our study group (6.6 %) with a mean (19.125 ± 0.005 ng/ml). Most of the patients who were in the end stage of infection were in the age group older than 35 years ( 20) and lesser numbers exist in the age group younger than 35 years (8).Only 4 patients in our study showed undetectable concentrations of HBs Ag while the highest number (significantly with a P value = 0.03) of the patients showed positive results ranging from (8.08 ng/ml to 20.47 ng/ml) with a mean equal to 17.57 ± 3.4 ng/ml. The highest number of patients in our study did not receive any type of treatment during the period of sample collection (with no confirmation if they receive any drug recently or not) were 13 patients followed by Tenofovir and Entecavir (7 and 6 sequentially) and the least number were patients who receive adefovir (3 patients) followed by lamivudine (1 patient only)
Effect of Subcutaneous Semaglutide on Diabetic Retinopathy among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia. A Systematic Review
Get PDFDiabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of progressive and irreversible vision loss. The relationship between metabolic control and progression of DR is observed in previous landmark randomized clinical studies. Moreover, a potential association between DR progression and glucagon-like peptide1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) is reported in diabetes literature. Objectives: To explore the effect of semaglutide treatment on diabetic retinopathy progression in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) among the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) area. Methods: This is a systematic review of randomized clinical trials, we searched electronic databases including Google Scholars, PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.gov, and The Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms using the PRISMA flow chart based on our inclusion criteria and used PROSPERO for searching for registered systematic reviews in MENA area. Results: Among 12 studies 11,854 patients were included in the mean follow-up period which was 52.5 weeks on semaglutide therapy with non-significant association with a pooled effect size for retinopathy incidence of 1.12 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.12). Conclusion: The current literature revealed that semaglutide has an uncertain effect on diabetic retinopathy progression. A need for larger randomized clinical trials in MENA area to expose the definitive effect
Nexus between Anthropometric Indices in Hypertensive and Normotensive Adults: A Gender-Based Study in a Sprawling Urban Community
Get PDFAdipose tissue in the body can be easily assessed using anthropometric measurements such as hip, waist, chest, and neck circumferences, waist-to-height ratio, body mass index (BMI), and subscapular skinfold thickness. Gender, age, lifestyle, ethnicity, genetics, and nutrition influence these measurements. Although extensive research exists on anthropometry, there is still a lack of data on the gender-specific correlations between anthropometric indices (or parameters), obesity, and blood pressure. This study aimed to investigate the gender differences in anthropometric parameters in hypertensive and normotensive adults, and to assess the gender-based correlations between anthropometry and blood pressure. A cross-sectional, quantitative study involving 355 adults, aged 20-75 years was conducted in Enugu City, South-East Nigeria. Data were collected using well-structured questionnaires, an electronic weighing scale, a stadiometer, a non-elastic fiber-glass tape, and an Accoson™ Desktop mercury sphygmomanometer. Student’s t-test was used to compare anthropometric parameters, and Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was used to analyze the relationships between anthropometric parameters and blood pressure. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. The study found a 38.0% prevalence of hypertension. Gender comparisons revealed that more males were underweight (39.0%), with no cases of class 3 obesity. Females had higher rates of overweight (27.9%) and obesity (41.3%). In the hypertensive participants, all anthropometric parameters were higher when compared to normotensive participants, except for height in males, neck circumference and subscapular-triceps ratio in females. Hypertensive and normotensive males had greater weight, height, neck and chest circumferences, waist-to-hip ratio, and subscapular-triceps ratio than their female counterparts. Conversely, hypertensive and normotensive females had greater waist circumference, hip circumference, subscapular skinfold, triceps skinfold, BMI, and waist-to-height ratio compared to males. Anthropometric parameters are key indicators of obesity, a major global health issue due to its association with hypertension. The rising trend in obesity, driven by dietary changes, disproportionately affects women. Urgent interventions are needed to promote routine exercise, particularly among administrative workers, and to raise public awareness about the benefits of physical activity
Sociological Bout on the ‘Kushlization’ of Sierra Leonean Juveniles: A Freetown Clogging Communal Health Apocalypse
Get PDFSierra Leone’s illegal narcotic utilization enigma has augmented considerably amidst the ultimate dual decades [1]. Of specific concern has been the rising drift in narcotic or drug utilization among Sierra Leonean adolescents and juveniles [2]. Frequently utilized narcotics in Sierra Leone include Kush or K2, Marijuana, Tramadol, and to familiar stretch Cocaine. In this sociological inquiry, the researcher discusses worsen narcotic utilization amidst the ultimate dual decades in Sierra Leone, and how it is a grave imminent community health apocalypse. This sociological inquiry intents to scan the rudimentary incentives of the juveniles narcotic abusers and their rapport with their families and to pinpoint dilemmas and necessitates that juvenile narcotic abusers are encountering. The essential insistence is to diagnose the crux mainsprings of narcotic abuse and to entrust the family functional function for neutralization of narcotic abuse in the cultural community. The objective of this sociological inquiry is to diagnose the central root of narcotic abuse, situating attention into ‘Kush’ as the principal narcotic that is being abused amongst adolescents and juveniles addicts. The inquiry methodology entailed a review of books, direct social dialogues, focus cohort social dialogues and internet sites. A random selection was done to choose fourteen addicts who live in the streets of Freetown for questioning. A critical review of narcotic utilization mitigation programs right through the nation is required to secure that they are customized to adolescents and juveniles, a springing critical population for whom these benevolences are indispensable. Invigorating social safety groundwork, narcotic regulative schemes and statute implementation is desperately enforced to resist this imminent communal health apocalypse. The inquiry summarized that to accomplish this, a multi-stakeholder crucial path for cultural community consciousness, jurisdictive transformations to secure punitive measures for suppliers and increased juvenile offenders social contingencies are imperative