Asian Journal of Advances in Research
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IMPACT OF CHOCOLATE SPOT (Botrytis fabae SARD) ON PRODUCTION OF FABA BEAN (Vicia faba L.) AND ITS MANAGEMENT OF IN ETHIOPIA: A REVIEW
Get PDFFaba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a crucial protein source leguminous crop and produced globally. Chocolate spot is the most serious necrotrophic fungal disease caused by Botrytis fabae Sard that hampering Faba bean production in Ethiopia and all over the planet. This review paper aims to show the study’s findings, especially on management aspects which have been conducted in Ethiopia and worldwide It is a highly prevalent and destructive disease that invades Vicia spp. especially Vicia faba. The pathogen is present in nearly all Faba bean cultivation areas, causing yield loss up to 61% on susceptible and 34% on tolerant Faba bean genotypes in the central highlands of Ethiopia. However, it has been reported as high as 60-90% on susceptible varieties globally other than Ethiopia. The fungus can spread via seeds, wind, and rain splash and can survive on plant debris or in the soil. It is aggressive at medium temperature (15-23°C) and high relative humidity (70-100%). Chocolate spot is importantly managed by cultural strategies viz deep plowing, early sowing, and mixed cropping. Moreover, host plant resistance, use of Obse, Tumsa, and Degaga varieties reduce the epidemics of the disease. At to effective bioagents, Bacillus, Pseudomonas and trichoderma spices can be used. Chlorothalonil, benomyl +mancozeb, Dithane M45, Galben mancozeb, and copper oxychloride Fungicides were also effective to manage it. Therefore, integrated disease management, effective, economically feasible, and environmentally sound is highly valuable and suggested to manage a chocolate spot in Ethiopia
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT PRODUCTION BY Saccharomyces cerevisiae USING A DUAL CHAMBER MICROBIAL FUEL CELL
Get PDFMicrobial Fuel Cell is a promising tool that utilizes microorganisms as biocatalysts to transform chemical energy into electrical energy. The particular microbe is able to utilize different substrates via metabolic activity resulting in the generation of electric current. The reason for the growing popularity of MFC is due to its multifaceted applications attributed to its eco-friendly nature. Even though the current generation is in milliampere (mA) scale, MFCs have unlimited benefits for future purposes. Fungi are among the microorganisms able to generate electricity as a result of their metabolic processes. The microorganism used in this study is Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker’s yeast). Electrons are diverted from the electron transport chain of this single-celled eukaryote which therefore helps in the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy. The point of this examination is to measure the amount of electric flow produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, when using copper electrodes with mediator and sources of a substrate on the production of current. For the reaction to be carried out, Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) was used as a mediator. The best results (105.3 mA) were obtained from maltose as substrate. Thus, here we describe the main findings, which can be used as the starting point for future investigations. We show that fungi have the potential to act as electrogens
THE STUDY OF SYMBOLS OF FIRE AND WATER IN SOME OF ELIOT'S POEMS
Get PDFEuropean and contemporary writers, like, Eliot, have critically examined the dissimilar customs and religions especially those of East, Indian, Buddhist religons particularly Zoroastrianism in their literary works. Eliot gently suggests that there is a reasonable association between religion, culture in the controversial writings. For Eliot; our way of life and religion secure the convictions that regularly force on us, and our revelatory judgment and public analysis of our social guidance are personally identified with individuals. Eliot gave fastidious consideration to Eastern people's promotions and religions and examined the ceremonies. During a considerable study of his amazing sonnets, he supposedly examines Eastern religions, including Zoroastrianism, and fire-revere, Indian, Buddhist religions and contentious issues about human life and fate. Therefore, this study tries to investigate Eliot’s poems in the light of Eastern mythology, Zoroastrianism, the symbol of fire in East. Iran and Iranian civilization have a long history, in this regard, Iranian culture and civilization have always been the focus of writers and philosophers around the world. Eliot has paid special attention to Eastern civilizations and religions and he has studied many rituals of past. In some of his poems, he has dealt with Eastern religions, including Zoroastrianism and fire festivals. In the "Hollow Men" he has paid special attention to the Eastern religions, Zoroastrian beliefs, rituals and rituals of the past. Since no research has been done on this subject, the purpose of this article is to examine the myth of fire and Zoroastrian beliefs in some of Eliot's poems such as, “Waste Land”, “Four Quarts”, “Ash Wednesday”, “Hollow Man”
CUBIC SPLINE AND FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD FOR SOLVING BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS OF ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION
Get PDFThe paper is an over view of the theory of cubic spline interpolation and finite difference method for solving boundary value problems of ordinary differential equation. It specially focuses on cubic spline functions to develop a numerical method for the solution of second-order two-point boundary value problems. The resulting system of equations has been solved by a tri-diagonal solver. The two-point boundary value problem of differential equations, which is part of differential equations with conditions imposed at different points, has been applied in mathematics, engineering and various field of science. The rapid increasing on its applications has led to formulating and upgraded of several existing methods and new approaches. To describe a numerical method for solving the boundary value problem of ordinary differential equation with second-order by using cubic spline function. First, the polynomial and non-polynomial spline basis functions are introduced, and then we use the correlation between polynomial and non-polynomial spline basis functions to approximate the solution. Finally, we obtain the numerical solution by solving tri-diagonal systems. The results are compared with finite difference method, and cubic B- spline through examples which show that the cubic spline method is efficient and feasible. The absolute errors in test examples are estimated, and the comparison of approximate values, exact values, and absolute errors at the nodal points are shown graphically. Further, we have shown that non-polynomial spline produces accurate results in comparison with the results obtained by the B-spline method and finite difference method
DEVELOPMENT OF A RULE-BASED EXPERT SYSTEM FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF COMMON TERRESTRIAL AND AQUATIC PLANTS
Get PDFThe advancement in technology in this era has given rise to the development of many expert systems to substitute and aid experts and non-experts in the accomplishments of various tasks. This, however, gave birth to this research as it stands out in the design and development of an expert system to help in the identification of some common terrestrial and aquatic plants to aid users in gaining and affirming taxonomic and botanical origins in the identification process. The design of this expert system takes advantage of architecture for the construction of expert systems in the rule-based domain. The information gathered in the heuristic and tacit form was analysed and operated upon based on the taxonomical morphology used in the identification of some common\selected plants and its certainty score and then turned to rules for easy programming.
The system was developed using Microsoft .Net Framework 4.5.2 (C#, Telerik framework, Chen0040 cs expert shell Nugget, Aforge Framework) due to their robustness and large support group. The system was successfully tested and evaluated using real life data
A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY OF PERCEIVED ANXIETY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON ACADEMIC JOB INTERVIEW IN ILORIN, NIGERIA
Get PDFA phenomenological research design was deployed to examine the perceived anxiety and its implications of the academic job interview in a recently concluded interview setting at the University of Ilorin, Nigeria. A total of 25 participants were purposively selected to participate in the study. Data were analysed using content analysis. The result of the content analysis revealed that applicants who went through stress, nervousness and poor coping skills were triggered by personal factors while agony aswas triggered from external and they all had negative implications on interview performance. Also from the content analysis, participants reported unnecessary delay and extension of interview days had tendencies to elevate anxiety and state of melancholy among the applicants. Participants reported poor organisation on the part of the organisers and poor preparation of the applicants' students were other factors that affected the levels of nervousness, anxiety and agony during the job interview. However, anxiety and nervousness were moderated by previous job experiences of some applicants. Applicants into the lower academic positions were more likely than those applying for senior positions to feel more anxious and nervous. The study made recommendations to both applicants and the University administration on the need for providing a cushion effect towards reduction of anxiety among job seekers of academic positions in the country
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON CONSTRUCTED WETLAND FOR REMOVAL OF NUTRIENT FROM WASTE WATER
Get PDFCreation of wetlands have been good constituted as impressive and sustainable liquids to the problem aquatic nutrient enrichment. They are environmentally-friendly and a biologically sustainable choice for water contamination management. The objective of the studies was to conducting systematic reviews on creation of wetland for discharge of nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen). To point out the removal of nutrients using constructed wetland a systematized assessment of literary study was conducted. Four web page were searched with keyword from practicing a search scheme that was modified supported on the technological demand of each particular database. Out of 86 articles downloaded 10 were included the reviewed per inclusion criteria’s. The result showed that total phosphorous removed using different type of constructed wetland were 71% (SSF), 90.32% (VBF), 93.9% (HBF), 95.3% (hybrid baffle flow), 94% (constructed wetland using selected plant species) & 64% (hybrid constructed wetland). In addition to theses Ammonium Nitrogen and Total Nitrogen were significantly removed, Ammonium Nitrogen 86% (FWS), 98% (SSF), 83.9% (VBF), 92.7% (HBF), 94.7% (Hybrid Baffle Flow), 60%(Constructed Wetland with selected plant species), 83% (Hybrid Constructed Wetland), 92.8% (Constructed Wetland with selected plant species) & 88.8% (Hybrid Constructed Wetland) and total nitrogen were 95% (FWS), 98% (SSF), 56.25% (HBF), 61.67% (Hybrid Baffle Flow), 83% (Hybrid Constructed Wetland), 64.7% (Vertical flow constructed wetland with substrate CBAD, MSAS), 90.7% (Constructed Wetland with selected plant species) & 79.9% (Hybrid constructed wetland). In general the TP, TN & NH3-N, were removed significantly using different type constructed wetland
E-COMMERCE: A CATALYST OF MARKETING ESPECIALLY ON FMCG PRODUCT UNDER COVID PANDEMIC
Get PDFThe present paper explains how E-commerce is effected during COVID pandemic especially on FMCG product. E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the activity of buying or selling of products on online services or over the Internet. E-Commerce draws on technologies such as mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management system, and automated data collection systems. E-commerce is in turn driven by the technological advances of the semiconductor industry, and is the largest sector of the electronics industry. There are three areas of e-commerce: online retailing, e-markets, and online auctions. E-commerce is supported the business.
Objective of the study: To study the importance of e-commerce in FMCG products, To study the hike of e- commerce in FMCG products in post COVID pandemic.
Sample: Randomly selected 50 housewives who can use e-commerce in FMCG products.
Result: E-Commerce boost the FMCG Sector at Post COVID-19. The impact of COVID-19 has increased the demand for household items and grocery items. As COVID-19 continues to create havoc with markets, industries and small businesses being shut, people in lockdown were abstained from buying non-essential items. Disruption of home deliveries meant that no one could buy any essential or non-essential items online
EVALUATION OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN SOILS FROM SELECTED AUTO MECHANIC WORKSHOPS IN IMO STATE, NIGERIA
Get PDFEnvironmental contamination as a result of indiscriminate disposal of spent engine is a serious global issue. The study was carried out to evaluate the physicochemical properties and selected heavy metal levels in soils collected from auto mechanic workshops in Owerri, Okigwe and Orlu zones of Imo State. A total of 27 soil samples (9 from each zone) were randomly collected from a depth of 0 – 20 cm with an improvised soil auger. At each auto mechanic workshop, three sampling points were mapped out for sample collection and homogenized to obtain a composite. Physicochemical properties of soil were analyzed using standard analytical protocols while metal analysis was carried out using AAS. Results showed that all the physicochemical properties of the soil were marginal when compared to the control across the zones. The textural class was sandy loam and moderately acidic. Heavy metal (Pb, Cr, Cd, Zn, Al, Fe, Cu, Ni, Co, and As) were detected in the soil at varying levels but were observed to be below the permissible limits set by the DPR in the studied sites. Pollution index showed that the soil quality was moderately contaminated with moderate potential ecological risk factor in all the sites. The study revealed a gradual buildup of heavy metals in the sampled areas and therefore underscores the need for proper disposal of spent engine oil to avert heavy metals toxicity in the soil as most of these metals are leached down the profile thereby polluting underground waters and posing danger to human health. Continuous monitoring and the use of ecofriendly method (phytoremediation) to remediate the heavy metals are recommended.
 
REVIEW ON NUTRITIONAL PROFILE OF Medicago sativa SEEDS
Get PDFAll over the world the herbal medicine acts as the representative of the most important fields of traditional medicine. The medicinal plants are useful for healing as well as for curing of human disease because of the presence of phytochemical and antioxidant constituents. Alfalfa sprouts are often consumed as vegetable salad and their leaves and solid are sold as bulk powdered herb, capsules and tablets for nutritional supplement in health food stores. The extracts from alfalfa sprouts, leaves and roots have been indicated to be helpful in lowering cholesterol level in animal and human studies