UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
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Evaluation of Ameliorative Potential of Zinc Nanoparticles and L-ascorbic Acid on Blood Metabolites in Birds Subjected to Transport Induced Stress
No full textThe study was conducted during June, 2024–September, 2024 at College of Veterinary Science & A.H., Durg, Chhattisgarh, India aimed to research the effects of L-ascorbic acid and Zinc oxide nanoparticles supplementation to reduce transport induced stress in birds of Sonali breed. A total of 120, 6–7 weeks birds of sonali breed were divided into four different groups. Birds of group I were loaded in vehicle but not transported whereas Group II, III and IV were transported for a distance of 200km at 35–40kmh-1. Group III and IV birds received treatment of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs)in drinking water at 100µgml-1 and L-ascorbic acid (AA) at 82µgml-1, two days before the transportation. Blood samples were investigated for serum lipid profile and oxidative stress markers. A significant increase (p<0.05) in cortisol level, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, total serum protein values were reported in birds of following transportation stress. Significant altered (p<0.01) serum lipid profile was recorded in birds of T2 group. The content of MDA in thigh muscle homogenate was significantly decreased (P=0.001) whereas increased antioxidant enzymes were recorded with the treatment of ZnONP and Ascorbic acid. Our results implied that supplementation of antioxidants before transportation of birds could be helpful to reduce stress in birds with improved meat quality attributes
Influence of Salinity on Morphometric Traits and Condition Factors of Indo-Pacific Tarpon (Megalops cyprinoides) across Diverse Habitats
No full textMorphometric analyses of Indo- Pacific Tarpons, Megalops cyprinoides collected randomly from freshwater, brackish water and saltwater habitats were conducted using Truss network measurement to evaluate the variations in morphometry with salinity. The relationship between the length and weight and condition factor of the fish from three different salinity habitats were observed to analyze the growth pattern and living conditions of the fish. The results of the present study indicated that the M.cyprinoides from three salinity habitats varied in their shape and structure. The statistical analysis of length and weight relation specified a significant value of b less than 3. This demonstrated a negative allometric growth pattern in the fish at all salinities. The values of regression coefficient were near to 1 and the relative condition factor of the fish specified a good living environment for the fish growth. This study serves as a baseline for future research on the impact of salinity gradients on fish physiology and evolution in estuarine and coastal ecosystem. By employing truss network measurements, length-weight relationships, and condition factor assessments, the study offers valuable insights into the adaptive variations and health status of fish in freshwater, brackish, and saltwater ecosystems. The findings contribute to ecological and fisheries research by highlighting the effects of habitat salinity on fish development and condition, which can inform conservation and management strategies
Seasonal Dynamics of Major Insect Pests and Their Natural Enemies in Rice Ecosystem of Chhattisgarh, India
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the seasonal dynamics of major insect pests and their natural enemies in the rice ecosystem of Chhattisgarh. Systematic field observations were conducted throughout the crop growth period to record pest incidence, seasonal peaks, and associated natural enemies. The major pests identified included [Scirpophaga incertulus, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Melanitis leda], while important natural enemies comprised [Novius cardinalis, Paradosa pseudoannulata]. Pest populations reached their highest levels during [insert critical growth stages or months], with incidence values ranging from [X–Y% or counts]. These findings provide a clear understanding of pest–enemy interactions and highlight critical periods for intervention, offering valuable guidance for timely and eco-friendly integrated pest management in Chhattisgarh rice fields
Evaluation of Aloe vera’s Impact on Semen Parameters in Albino Rat Using Computer-Assisted Semen Analysis (CASA) Technique
No full textAloe vera is a significant and well-recognized medicinal plant, extensively utilized by people globally as a popular remedy for overall health. Despite its widespread use, it has been established that Aloe vera exhibits anti-fertility properties. Consequently, this research was conducted to explore the potential of Aloe vera to cause male reproductive dysfunction. Our findings indicate that Aloe vera leads to a reduction in both body weight and testis weight. Additionally, results from CASA (Computer Assisted Semen Analysis) reveal a dose-dependent decrease in sperm concentration and motility. Furthermore, it increased the percentage of sperm abnormalities. Therefore, Aloe vera has been shown to exert an anti-fertility effect on the male reproductive system of albino rats
Effective Management of Notoedres cati in Cats: A Comparative Study of Selamectin Spot-on and Ethnoveterinary Medicine
No full textA total of 4500 clinical cases of domestic cats presented to the Veterinary Clinical Complex (VCC), Rajendranagar, between 2022 and 2024 were screened for Notoedres cati infestation. Out of these, 250 cats (5.5%) were diagnosed positive based on the characteristic clinical signs, symptoms and microscopic examination of deep skin scrapings revealing Notoedres cati mites. The occurence of the disease was found to be males (54%) and females (46%), indicating a slightly higher susceptibility in males. Among the naturally infested cats, 60% were between 6 months to 1 year and 40 percent between 1 to 2 years. Affected cats exhibited typical lesions of notoedric mange including alopecia, crusting, hyperkeratosis, excoriations and intense pruritus with lesions primarily on scantily haired regions such as the ear margins, face, neck, and forelimbs. Some of the cat owners also developed pruritic skin lesions on their hands and wrists which confirms zoonotic disease transmission. The study evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of Selamectin spot-on (6 mg/kg body weight) and an Aloe vera-virgin coconut oil formulation using Z test in 250 naturally infested cats divided equally into two treatment groups (n=125 per group) irrespective of gender, age and sex with mean lesion scores evenly distributed between the 2 groups. The cats treated with Selamectin (Group I) reached their best recovery point at day 21 after treatment but the cats receiving the ethnoveterinary formulation (Group II) needed until day 28 to show substantial improvement in the reduction of mean lesion scores. Both the treatments were effective, but Selamectin provided quicker recovery than the Aloe vera - Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) combination which offered lower costs and better environmental sustainability. The research confirms that Notoedres cati continues to affect domestic cats in Hyderabad while demonstrating the need for prompt diagnosis and standard treatment protocols to stop disease relapses and animal-to-human transmission
Wildlife Vehicle Collision (WVC) Assessment of Faunal Carcasses Along National Highways 353D and 353C: A Study from Nagbhid to Gadchiroli
No full textThe rapid expansion of road networks has significantly enhanced economic growth and regional connectivity but has also resulted in severe ecological consequences, particularly wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs). The present study was conducted to estimate roadkill incidents along state highways between Nagbhid and Gadchiroli. Using public road surveys and opportunistic sampling methods, a fortnightly survey recorded 52 roadkill cases belonging to 14 species of amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals between April 2024 and December 2024. Amphibians were the most affected taxa (32.26%), followed by birds (25%), mammals (23.07%) and reptiles (21.15%). Amphibians and reptiles are particularly vulnerable due to their slow movement and inability to evade approaching vehicles. Additionally, driver negligence and unawareness contribute to the high mortality rates among these species. The study found that roadkill incidents were significantly higher along highway stretches near rivers and other water bodies than in dry landscapes. Implementing mitigation strategies such as speed breakers, wildlife corridors, and awareness programs in ecologically sensitive zones could help reduce WVCs and protect biodiversity. The findings highlight the urgent need for conservation measures to minimize the impact of road networks on wildlife populations
An Annotated Checklist of Shrimp Diversity of Machilipatnam Coast, Andhra Pradesh, India
No full textMachilipatnam, a coastal town in Andhra Pradesh, has a minor fishing harbour and serves as a significant hub for the fisheries sector in Andhra Pradesh. An intensive survey was conducted to assess the diversity and distribution of shrimp species along Machilipatnam coast. Three stations, namely, Gilakaladindi (Fishing Harbour), Manginapudi, and Tallapalem were selected along the stretch and samples were collected from September 2024 to August 2025. A total of 26 shrimp species including 21 penaeid species and 5 non-penaeid species were documented in the present study. Among the three selected stations, Gilakaladindi exhibited the highest species diversity with 26 species, followed by Manginapudi with 25 species and Tallapalem with 24 species. The taxonomically validated checklist of shrimp species distributed along the Machilipatnam coast serves as a baseline information for future biodiversity assessments, ecological research, and fisheries management
Molecular and Omics Technology for Zoological Research and Biodiversity Conservation: A Review
No full textBiotechnology has become an indispensable component of modern zoological research and wildlife conservation, offering advanced molecular and reproductive tools that enhance our ability to understand, monitor, and protect biodiversity. This review highlights the diverse applications of biotechnology in conservation biology, ranging from DNA barcoding for species identification to next-generation sequencing, population genomics, and transcriptomic analyses that reveal genetic diversity, evolutionary relationships, and adaptive potential. Reproductive technologies such as artificial insemination, in vitro fertilisation, embryo transfer, and cloning have contributed significantly to the recovery and management of endangered species. Molecular diagnostics, biosensors, and recombinant vaccines are now integral to wildlife health monitoring and disease control. The use of environmental DNA (eDNA), metagenomics, and bioindicators has revolutionised ecosystem surveillance, while cryopreservation and biobanking ensure the long-term safeguarding of genetic material for future conservation use. Despite these advances, challenges remain, including technical limitations, high costs, a lack of genomic data for non-model species, and field application constraints. Moreover, ethical concerns and insufficient interdisciplinary collaboration can hinder progress. Emerging technologies such as synthetic biology, AI-driven genomics, and portable sequencing tools are expected to overcome many of these limitations, making conservation more data-driven, predictive, and globally coordinated. The integration of biotechnology with ecological and policy frameworks, alongside investments in education and capacity building, will be critical for long-term success. As biodiversity faces unprecedented threats from habitat loss, climate change, and emerging diseases, biotechnology provides scalable, science-based solutions that can support adaptive management and species recovery. This review underscores the importance of a responsible, collaborative, and forward-thinking approach to applying biotechnology in wildlife conservation and zoological science
Diversity of Butterflies in the Village Kunnur, Aundipatti Taluk, Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India
No full textThe study was conducted to record and assess the diversity of butterfly species in the village Kunnur, Aundipatti Taluk, Theni District, Tamil Nadu for the period of 12 months (January, 2024 to December, 2024). The initial investigation aimed at identifying and recording butterfly species as well as to understand the species distribution within the study area. The outcome of this research will enable a foundation for further study and conservation efforts related to species diversity. In this current study, in consolidation, a total of 2676 sightings were recorded and out of the sightings, 24 species of butterflies were recorded from the study site throughout the entire study period. Out of the 24 species, the major representation was by the family Nymphalidae with (29%), followed by Pieridae (25%), Papilionidae (17%), Hesperiidae (17%) and Lycaenidae (13%). It was noted that one species of butterfly named Castalius rosimon is legally protected under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. In this present study, it was evident that presence of butterflies in this study site was moderately diversified
Rearing Performance Evaluation of Bivoltine Mulberry Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) Breed in Two Distinct Agro-climatic Zones of Manipur during the Spring Season
No full textThe present study investigates the rearing performance of the mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori (bivoltine C004 breed), in two distinct agro-climatic zones (Sanjenbam Hill and Wangkhei) of Manipur during the spring season (March-April) 2025. A comparative study was conducted between two different zones (hill and valley) in Manipur to evaluate the influence of regional environmental factors on the growth, development, and cocoon yield of silkworms as there is limited research on the suitability of bivoltine strains for high-altitude conditions. Key parameters such as fecundity, hatchability, larval duration, larval weight, cocoon weight, pupal weight, shell weight, shell ratio, effective rate of rearing, eclosion, silk productivity, filament length, denier, renditta and cocoon yield were recorded. The rearing house of Wangkhei, with a temperature range of 15⁰C -29.5⁰C and 38%- 91.50% relative humidity range, exhibited shorter larval duration (26±0.577 days), while the rearing house of Sanjenbam hill, with a temperature range of 10.49⁰C - 26⁰C and a 22.46%- 99.21% humidity range, showed longer larval duration (30±0.578 days). Fecundity, hatchability, weight of ten mature larvae, cocoon weight, pupal weight, shell weight, shell ratio, eclosion, silk productivity, filament length and cocoon yield (by weight) were recorded higher in the Wangkhei zone, whereas survival rate, effective rate of rearing, denier, renditta and cocoon yield (by number) were recorded higher in Sanjenbam hill. The findings highlight the role of different environmental conditions in sericultural productivity and emphasise the need for location-specific strategies to optimise silkworm rearing outcomes