Jurnal Politeknik Negeri Jakarta
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Effect of Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) Slag Waste on CBR Value of Subgrade
No full textThis research aims to identify the effect of the addition of SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) slag waste on the value of California Bearing Ratio (CBR) on clay soil. This research was conducted at the Civil Engineering Laboratory, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta, with an experimental method using a variation of SAW waste mixture of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Laboratory tests include specific gravity, grain size analysis, Atterberg limit, compaction, and CBR tests in accordance with SNI standards. The results showed that the addition of SAW waste increased the specific gravity of clay soil from 2.545 to 2.691. The value of liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity indexdecreased with the increase of SAW waste content. In compaction tests, the maximum dry density increased from 1.259 gr/cm³ to 1.335 gr/cm³ at 15% SAW waste, but decreased at 20% to 1.329 gr/cm³. The CBR value also showed an increase up to 15% SAW waste from 1.77% to 3.95%, but decreased at 20% to 2.83%. In conclusion, SAW slag waste can increase the bearing capacity of clay soil up to a certain level, but excessive addition reduces the CBR value
ANALISIS EVENT MANAGEMENT PADA CAPACITY BUILDING UIN JAKARTA 2024 OLEH JEJAK PRIBADI ORGANIZER
No full textEvent management in the context of higher education plays a crucial role in the capacity development of institutions and human resources. The State Islamic University (UIN) Jakarta regularly organizes academic and non-academic events, including the 2024 Capacity Building program, aimed at enhancing the competencies of all staff members. The implementation of this program requires an integrated event management approach, encompassing systematic planning, organization, and evaluation. The Capacity Building event is designed considering various aspects such as needs analysis, strategic planning, program implementation, and impact evaluation. An in-depth analysis of event management practices is conducted to identify challenges faced and recommend improvements to enhance the quality of future event organization. By applying Goldblatt's 5C Event Management theory—Concept, Coordination, Control, Communication, and Culmination—this program aims to create a positive experience for participants and significantly contribute to the advancement of UIN Jakarta. The success of this program is measured not only by the achievement of individual goals but also by the synergy and collaboration fostered among diverse work units.
Keyword: Event Management, Capacity Building, UIN Jakarta, Jejak Pribadi OrganizerEvent management dalam konteks pendidikan tinggi memiliki peran penting dalam pengembangan kapasitas institusi dan sumber daya manusia. Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Jakarta secara rutin menyelenggarakan event akademik dan non-akademik, termasuk program Capacity Building 2024, yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi seluruh pegawai. Penyelenggaraan program ini memerlukan pendekatan manajemen acara yang terintegrasi, mencakup perencanaan, pengorganisasian, dan evaluasi yang sistematis. Event Capacity Building ini dirancang dengan mempertimbangkan berbagai aspek seperti analisis kebutuhan, perencanaan strategis, implementasi program, dan evaluasi dampak kegiatan. Analisis mendalam terhadap praktik event management dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi tantangan yang dihadapi, serta merekomendasikan perbaikan untuk meningkatkan kualitas penyelenggaraan event di masa mendatang. Dengan menerapkan teori 5C Event Management dari Goldblatt—Concept, Coordination, Control, Communication, dan Culmination—program ini diharapkan dapat menciptakan pengalaman positif bagi peserta serta memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap kemajuan UIN Jakarta. Keberhasilan program ini tidak hanya diukur dari pencapaian tujuan individual, tetapi juga dari sinergi dan kolaborasi yang terjalin antar unit kerja yang beragam.
Kata kunci: Event management, Capacity Building, UIN Jakarta, pengembangan kapasitas, manajemen acara
Good Manufacturing Practice Sebagai Strategi Peningkatan Mutu Pangan Produk UMKM Berkah Rangga, Kubu Raya
No full textProcessed food MSMEs are strategically supporting food security while contributing to the community's economy. However, one of the significant challenges is the low implementation of Good Processed Food Production Methods (CPPOB), which results in inconsistent product quality and safety. This condition is also experienced by Berkah Rangga (BR) MSME in Kubu Raya Regency, which, despite having business legality, still faces problems such as uncontrolled raw material quality, limited knowledge of sanitation and hygiene, and the absence of standardized operational procedures (SOP) in production. This community service program aimed to strengthen the partner's capacity in implementing CPPOB through a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach. The program was carried out from July to August 2025. It consisted of several stages: socialization, training using a learning by doing approach, hygienic practice assistance, and evaluation through knowledge tests, interviews, and observations. The results showed that participants' understanding of CPPOB significantly improved, achieving a perfect score (80/80) on all evaluation items. Before the program, partners had a basic understanding of CPPOB but were weak in applying sanitation practices. After the program, there was a noticeable improvement in workplace cleanliness, better organization of raw material storage, and awareness of applying simple SOPs. Although participants' motivation varied due to limited facilities, mentoring encouraged more hygienic production behavior. The outcomes of this program are important for improving satisfaction and providing tangible benefits in strengthening a culture of quality, enhancing food safety, and increasing the competitiveness of BR MSME in both local and broader markets.Processed food of small and medium enterprises is strategically supporting food security while contributing to the community's economy. However, one of the significant challenges is the low implementation of Good Processed Food Production Methods (CPPOB), which results in inconsistent product quality and safety. This condition is also experienced by Berkah Rangga (BR) MSME in Kubu Raya Regency, which, despite having a business legal status, faces problems such as uncontrolled raw material quality, limited knowledge of sanitation and hygiene, and the absence of standardized operational procedures (SOP) in production. This community service program aimed to strengthen the partner's capacity in implementing CPPOB through a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach. The program was carried out from July to August 2025. It consisted of several stages: socialization, training using a learning by doing approach, hygienic practice assistance, and evaluation through knowledge tests, interviews, and observations. The results showed that participants' understanding of CPPOB significantly improved, achieving a perfect score (80/80) on all evaluation items. Before the program, partners had a basic understanding of CPPOB but were weak in applying sanitation practices. After the program, there was a noticeable improvement in workplace cleanliness, better organization of raw material storage, and awareness of applying simple SOPs. Although participants' motivation varied due to limited facilities, mentoring encouraged more hygienic production behavior. The outcomes of this program are important for improving satisfaction and providing tangible benefits in strengthening a culture of quality, enhancing food safety, and increasing the competitiveness of BR MSME in both local and broader markets.Keywords - community service, CPPOB, MSME, sanitation, processed food . Abstrak UMKM pangan olahan memiliki peran strategis dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan sekaligus meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat. Namun, tantangan yang dihadapi adalah rendahnya penerapan Cara Produksi Pangan Olahan yang Baik (CPPOB) sehingga mutu dan keamanan produk belum konsisten. Kondisi ini juga dialami oleh UMKM Berkah Rangga (BR) di Kabupaten Kubu Raya yang meskipun telah memiliki legalitas usaha, masih menghadapi kendala berupa mutu bahan baku yang tidak terkontrol, pemahaman sanitasi dan higiene yang rendah, serta belum adanya standar operasional prosedur (SOP) produksi. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas mitra dalam menerapkan CPPOB melalui pendekatan Participatory Action Research (PAR). Program dilaksanakan pada Juli–Agustus 2025 dengan tahapan sosialisasi, pelatihan berbasis learning by doing, pendampingan praktik higienis, serta evaluasi melalui tes pengetahuan, wawancara, dan observasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemahaman peserta telah baik terkait pengetahuan dasar CPPOB dengan capaian skor sempurna (80/80) pada seluruh butir penilaian. Sebelum kegiatan, mitra telah cukup memahami konsep CPPOB, namun masih lemah di implementasi praktik sanitasi, sementara setelah kegiatan terlihat adanya perubahan nyata berupa kebersihan area kerja yang lebih terjaga, keteraturan penyimpanan bahan, serta kesadaran untuk mulaimenerapkan SOP sederhana. Walaupun motivasi antar peserta masih bervariasi karena keterbatasan sarana, pendampingan mendorong terciptanya perilaku produksi yang lebih higienis. Hasil kegiatan ini penting karena tidak hanya meningkatkan kepuasan, tetapi juga memberi manfaat nyata bagi mitra dalam bentuk penguatan budaya mutu, peningkatan keamanan pangan, serta daya saing UMKM BR di pasar lokal maupun lebih luas.
Kata kunci - pengabdian kepada masyarakat, CPPOB, UMKM, sanitasi, pangan olaha
Analisis Kelayakan UMKM Gudhas Salad Menggunakan Metode Capital Budgeting
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelayakan investasi pada usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) di sektor makanan sehat, dengan studi kasus pada usaha salad sayur “Gudhas Salad”. Di tengah meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pola hidup sehat, peluang bisnis makanan sehat semakin terbuka lebar. Namun, untuk memastikan keberlanjutan usaha, diperlukan analisis keuangan yang komprehensif melalui metode capital budgeting. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi langsung, wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan pemilik usaha, serta dokumentasi laporan keuangan. Metode yang digunakan dalam analisis kelayakan meliputi Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), dan Profitability Index (PI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total kebutuhan dana proyek sebesar Rp44.092.216, dengan struktur pembiayaan berasal dari kombinasi modal sendiri dan pinjaman Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR). Perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa proyek memiliki nilai PP selama 1,6 bulan (sekitar 1 bulan 18 hari), NPV sebesar Rp122.850.429, IRR sebesar 52,2%, dan PI sebesar 6,8. Keempat indikator tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa investasi pada usaha Gudhas Salad sangat layak secara finansial. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan bagi pelaku UMKM dalam menyusun strategi investasi yang efektif dan rasional, serta mendorong lembaga keuangan untuk memberikan dukungan pembiayaan yang tepat sasara
Tablet Pemurni Air Yang Terkontaminasi Logam Berat Dengan Memanfaatkan Limbah Kerang Darah (Tegillarca Granosa)
No full textWater pollution caused by heavy metals such as lead (Pb) poses a serious threat to both environmental and human health. One promising solution involves the use of natural materials derived from organic waste as adsorbents, such as blood clam shells (Tegillarca granosa), which are rich in calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) and exhibit high potential following calcination. This study aims to evaluate the effect of calcination temperature variation on the adsorption efficiency of clam shells in tablet form for Pb²⁺ ions. The calcination process was conducted at temperatures of 400°C, 650°C, and 900°C for 2 hours each, following an initial drying stage at 150°C for 1 hour. The resulting calcined powder was ground, sieved, and compressed into tablets using a mechanical pressure of 150 N. Adsorption tests were carried out using a Pb solution with a concentration of 38.9 ppm for 1 hour, and the residual concentration was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). The results showed that calcination at 400°C yielded the highest adsorption efficiency at 99.3%, followed by 650°C (99.1%) and 900°C (98.4%). These findings indicate that calcination temperature significantly influences the characteristics and performance of the adsorbent, highlighting the potential of calcined blood clam shell waste as an effective and sustainable alternative for removing heavy metal contaminants from polluted water.Pencemaran air akibat aktivitas manusia adalah masalah lingkungan yang harus ditangani serius karena memiliki dampak yang dapat merugikan ekosistem. Salah satu indikator utama degradasi lingkungan dalam sistem perairan adalah keberadaan logam berat di perairan pesisir, yang berasal dari aktivitas industri dan alam. Salah satu metode yang efektif untuk menghilangkan kandungan logam berat dalam lingkungan adalah melalui proses adsorpsi. Proses penyerapan atau absorbsi digunakan karena hemat biaya dan serta tidak memiliki efek samping yang berbahaya. Bahan penyerap seperti kulit kerang dapat digunakan untuk menghilangkan logam berat setelah menjalani proses kalsinasi, yang melibatkan pemanasan untuk mengubahnya menjadi karbon. Proses pemanasan ini mengikuti sistem oven dua tahap: fase pengeringan awal pada suhu 100–150°C, diikuti oleh kalsinasi pada suhu yang bervariasi yaitu 400°C, 650°C, dan 900°C. Proses kalsinasi bertujuan untuk menguraikan mineral, meningkatkan efisiensi karbonisasi, serta memurnikan produk arang yang dihasilkan. Selama tahap ini, terjadi reaksi karbonasi dan kalsinasi secara simultan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas adsorpsi optimal untuk cangkang kerang darah dicapai pada suhu kalsinasi 400°C, dengan efisiensi 99,3%. Pada suhu 650°C, kapasitas adsorpsi sedikit menurun menjadi 99,1%, sedangkan pada suhu 900°C, kapasitas adsorpsi semakin menurun menjadi 98,4%
di Analisis Framing Pemberitaan Kasus Korupsi Syahrul Yasin Limpo di Kompas.com
No full textCorrupt practices in Indonesia are a major problem that causes financial losses and undermines public trust in government and justice. This phenomenon has become a widespread habit from before independence to the Reform era, and involves various levels of government. The mass media plays an important role in publicizing corruption cases, shaping public opinion, and influencing the political agenda. This study aims to analyze the framing of the news coverage of the Syahrul Yasin Limpo corruption case by Kompas.com from February 29 to May 10, 2024. The framing analysis method is used to observe how the media shapes reality and presents news, as well as identify power dynamics and relationships between the parties involved. The results of the study show that Kompas.com focus on certain aspects that affect the public's view of the case. This study provides an understanding of the influence of media framing on public perception of corruption cases in Indonesia.Praktik korupsi di Indonesia merupakan masalah utama yang menyebabkan kerugian finansial dan merusak kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap pemerintahan dan keadilan. Fenomena ini telah menjadi kebiasaan yang meluas sejak sebelum kemerdekaan hingga era Reformasi, dan melibatkan berbagai tingkatan pemerintahan. Media massa memainkan peran penting dalam mempublikasikan kasus korupsi, membentuk opini publik, dan mempengaruhi agenda politik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis framing pemberitaan kasus korupsi Syahrul Yasin Limpo oleh Kompas.com dari 29 Februari hingga 10 Mei 2024. Metode analisis framing digunakan untuk mengamati bagaimana media membentuk realitas dan menyajikan berita, serta mengidentifikasi dinamika kekuasaan dan hubungan antar pihak yang terlibat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kompas.com memberikan fokus pada aspek-aspek tertentu yang mempengaruhi pandangan publik terhadap kasus tersebut. Penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman tentang pengaruh framing media terhadap persepsi publik tentang kasus korupsi di Indonesia
The Vocabulary Acquisition Though Nursery Rhymes by Al-Azhar Kindergarten Children
No full textThis research examines English vocabulary acquisition among kindergarten students through nursery rhymes within the Indonesian educational context, integrating psycholinguistic theories including Chomsky's Universal Grammar, Krashen's Input Hypothesis, and Piaget's Cognitive Development Theory. The study addresses two primary questions: (1) What types of vocabulary are acquired by Al-Azhar Kindergarten children through nursery rhymes? (2) How are certain vocabulary types more frequently acquired through nursery rhymes? The research objectives are to identify and categorize vocabulary types acquired and indicate vocabulary acquisition patterns related to children's cognitive development stages. Employing a qualitative approach, this study observed 25 kindergarten students aged 5-7 years from Al-Azhar Syifa Budi Parahyangan Kindergarten, Padalarang, West Bandung, using purposive sampling. Data collection utilized observational protocols, video recordings, and post-test assessments conducted over four weeks, with each week introducing a different nursery rhyme: "Vegetable Song," "I'm Thirsty!" "Fruit Song," and "Open Shut Them." Songs were presented during daily circle time, with supplementary learning activities on Tuesdays and post-test evaluations on Fridays using flashcard-based verbal identification. Results demonstrate distinct acquisition patterns aligned with Piaget's Preoperational stage framework. Concrete nouns representing tangible objects (vegetables, fruits, beverages) and action verbs achieved significantly higher acquisition rates, compared to abstract adjectives which require more complex cognitive processing. Kinesthetic approaches, particularly in "Open Shut Them," proved exceptionally effective, achieving high mastery by pairing linguistic input with physical actions, thereby transforming abstract vocabulary into embodied learning experiences. The study concludes that nursery rhymes' melodic structure, rhythmic patterns, and repetitive nature provide comprehensible input at students' "i+1" level, facilitating subconscious language acquisition through multisensory engagement. Vocabulary development is significantly influenced by environmental exposure, experiential learning, instructional tempo, and developmental appropriateness. These findings validate music-based pedagogical strategies that leverage repetition, physical engagement, and contextual relevance for optimizing vocabulary retention among young English learners in Indonesian kindergarten contexts.
Keywords:
Vocabulary acquisition, Nursery Rhymes, Second language acquisition, Psycholinguisti
EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PERMENDAGRI NO. 20 OF 2018 IN VILLAGE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT: A CASE STUDY OF PEMUDA VILLAGE
No full textThis study aims to evaluate the financial management of Desa Pemuda based on Permendagri No. 20 of 2018 concerning village financial management. The regulation outlines five key stages: planning, implementation, administration, reporting, and accountability. Financial management in villages must be carried out in a transparent, accountable, participatory manner, and in accordance with budget discipline. This study was conducted to determine whether the financial management practices in Desa Pemuda align with the provisions of the regulation. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method. Data were collected through interviews with village officials, analysis of supporting documents, and field observations. The evaluation indicators were developed based on the regulatory framework and were used to assess compliance at each stage. The results show that the financial management of Desa Pemuda has generally complied with the applicable regulations. The planning, administration, and reporting stages are mostly in accordance with the rules, supported by relevant documents and procedures. However, there are still shortcomings at the implementation and accountability stages, such as the absence of several official documents like the 2024 DPA and the unavailability of a complete SK for task assignments to village officials. Additionally, public involvement and transparency in delivering information still need improvement. These findings suggest the importance of strengthening documentation management and increasing the capacity of village officials through training and technical assistance.This study aims to evaluate the financial management of Desa Pemuda based on Permendagri No. 20 of 2018 concerning village financial management. The regulation outlines five key stages: planning, implementation, administration, reporting, and accountability. Financial management in villages must be carried out in a transparent, accountable, participatory manner, and in accordance with budget discipline. This study was conducted to determine whether the financial management practices in Desa Pemuda align with the provisions of the regulation. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method. Data were collected through interviews with village officials, analysis of supporting documents, and field observations. The evaluation indicators were developed based on the regulatory framework and were used to assess compliance at each stage. The results show that the financial management of Desa Pemuda has generally complied with the applicable regulations. The planning, administration, and reporting stages are mostly in accordance with the rules, supported by relevant documents and procedures. However, there are still shortcomings at the implementation and accountability stages, such as the absence of several official documents like the 2024 DPA and the unavailability of a complete SK for task assignments to village officials. Additionally, public involvement and transparency in delivering information still need improvement. These findings suggest the importance of strengthening documentation management and increasing the capacity of village officials through training and technical assistanc
KAJIAN KUAT TEKAN BETON RINGAN TIDAK TERKEKANG BERAGREGAT KASAR POLIPROPILENA DILAPISI PASIR
No full textThis study aims to determine the compressive strength, density, and crack pattern of lightweight concrete utilizing polypropylene coated with sand as coarse aggregate and Tayan sand as fine aggregate. The research employs three mix design clusters based on the water-to-cement ratio (w/c): Cluster A with a w/c ratio of 0.347, Cluster B with a w/c ratio of 0.339, and Cluster C with a w/c ratio of 0.319. Cylinder-shaped specimens measuring 15×30 cm were prepared for each cluster. For the 15×30 cm cylinder specimens, the average compressive strength obtained was 21.69 MPa, 22.15 MPa, and 24.53 MPa for Clusters A, B, and C, respectively, with standard deviations of 0.59, 0.49, and 1.51. The density of lightweight concrete was recorded as 1717.54 kg/m³, 1689.17 kg/m³, and 1802.93 kg/m³ for Clusters A, B, and C, respectively. The observed crack pattern corresponds to Type 3, in reference to ASTM C39.
Keywords: Lightweight Concrete; Polypropylene; TayanPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil kuat uji tekan, densitas dan pola retak beton ringan yang menggunakan polipropilena yang dilapisi pasir sebagai agregat kasar dan menggunakan pasir Tayan sebagai agregat halus. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga klaster rancang campur berdasarkan perbandinga air dengan semen (w/c). Klaster A dengan rancang campur w/c: 0,347; klaster B dengan w/c: 0.339 dan klaster C dengan w/c: 0,319. Benda uji Silinder ukuran 15x30 cm dibuat untuk masing masing klaster. Untuk benda uji Silinder 15x30 cm, didapatkan rerata kuat tekan 21,69 MPa, 22,15 MPa dan 24,53 MPa untuk masing masing klaster A, B dan C, dengan standar deviasi 0,59, 0,49 dan 1,51. Didapatkan densitas beton ringan adalah 1717,54 (kg/m3), 1689,17 (kg/m3) dan 1802,93 (kg/m3) untuk masign masing klaster A, B dan C. Pola retak yang terjadi adalah tipe 3 mengacu pada ASTM C39.
Kata kunci: Beton Ringan; Karbon Polipropilena; Tayan
The EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF COLD-FORMED STEEL CLOSED BOX SECTION 32 MM X 31 MM X 0,3 MM BEAM ON 4-POINT FLEXURAL LOADING
No full textThis study evaluates the effect of beam length and fold position on the flexural performance, deflection, and failure pattern of closed-box cold-formed steel beams with dimensions of 32 mm × 31 mm × 0.3 mm under four-point bending tests. A total of 18 specimens were tested using this method with two length variations, 500 mm and 1100 mm, and fold positions located either on the top flange, bottom flange, or side web. The results show that the 500 mm beams were able to carry greater vertical loads compared to the 1100 mm beams, with smaller mid-span deflections and relatively smaller rotation. In contrast, the 1100 mm beams experienced more significant mid-span deflections and rotations. The presence of folds on the top or bottom flanges increased the beam’s vertical load-carrying capacity by approximately 10% to 15% compared to when the fold was placed on the side web. The failure pattern of the shorter beams was dominated by excessive deformation on the upper part of the beam due to vertical loading, and similar deformation was also observed in the longer beams. This excessive deformation occurred beneath the vertical load application point near the roller support. In addition, comparison with the Direct Strength Method (DSM) revealed that DSM predicted higher flexural moment capacities than those obtained from experiments, M experiment / MDSM ratios ranging from 0.33–0.45 for 500 mm spans and 0.49–0.54 for 1100 mm spans. These results indicate that DSM is more conservative for shorter beams and can serve as a safe preliminary approach for designing cold-formed steel beams subjected to four-point bending.ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pengaruh panjang balok dan posisi lipatan terhadap kinerja lentur, lendutan dan pola kegagalan balok baja canai dingin boks tertutup berukuran 32 mm × 31 mm × 0,3 mm terhadap pengujian lentur empat titik. Sebanyak 18 spesimen diuji dengan metode tersebut dengan dua variasi panjang yaitu 500 mm dan 1100 mm serta memvariasikan posisi lipatan di sayap atas atau di sayap bawah, atau di badan samping. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa balok 500 mm mampu menerima beban vertikal lebih besar dibandingkan dengan 1100 mm, dengan penurunan tengah bentang yang lebih kecil dan menunjukkan rotasi yang relatif kecil. Sebaliknya pada balok 1100 mm penurunan tengah bentang dan rotasi yang terjadi lebih signifikan dibandingkan balok 500 mm. Keberadaan lipatan di sayap atas ataupun di sayap bawah meningkatkan besarnya kemampuan balok untuk menerima beban vertikal hingga 10% sampai 15% dibandingkan jika lipatan berada di badan samping. Pola kegagalan balok pendek didominasi oleh deformasi eksesif bagian atas balok akibat beban vertikal dan pada balok panjang hal yang sama terjadi pula. Deformasi eksesif tersebut terjadi di bawah lokasi beban vertikal yang berada dekat dengan perletakan rol