International Journal of Advances in Health Sciences (IJHS)
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Alcohol consumption and associated factors among customers in Local Beer bars in South Africa: a Cross-Sectional Study
No full textBackground
Present study total participants were 700 males and females included with different age group and different education level. Topics of discussion included typical drinking reasons- Daily Habitual, stress, emotions type/mood (happy/Sad), burden, and party and the drink type like only beer, only whisky/vodka/wine and both
Methods
The legal age of wine purchase in South Africa is 18 years and on. We have analysed the age groups 18-25, 26-45, and 45-65, with the interviews having the general questions regarding the reason of drinking. Preliminary bar visits were carried out in ten bars and restaurants to develop and identify any potential problems with the planned data collection protocols and to determine which specific reason were common in bar customers will emphasized during the main study.
Bar and restaurant visits in the main study began in June 2021 and were completed in March 2022, bar visits were made from 3 p.m. to 10 p.m. on nights randomly.
Results
The customers we studies having majority of males than female observed. In daily habitual is high in age of 26-45 41.57%, in stress high rate is in unemployed of 57.71%, in workload burden alcohol consumption is age group 26-45 of 51.71%, in Party criteria age group 57.85%, In Emotions type/mood (happy/Sad) alcohol consumption is in category unemployed of 83%.
Conclusion
Support the need for additional research to develop effective prevention and intervention strategies to reduce high-risk alcoho
Influence of Sexual Relationships using Drugs Consumption among Young Citizen in Melitopol, Ukraine
No full textPurpose. The research work is aimed at studying and analyzing the onset of sexual activity and injecting drug use among young people of Melitopol (Zaporizhzhya region), which will make it possible to plan a number of preventive measures in order to prevent deviant behavior. Theoretical basis. The authors focus on the social problems associated with the late informing young people about the possible risks of early sexual relations and the use of drugs. Namely: students, young people, who move to another city or country, thus remaining without parental control. Scientific originality. This study allowed us to see the dynamics of attitudes (2010–2021) to injection drugs of boys and adolescent girls in cities with a population of up to 200 thousand (on the example of Melitopol, Zaporizhia region); track the tendency to awareness and care about your health during early sexual intercourse; plan a number of preventive measures to prevent the above phenomena. Conclusion. Young people between the ages of 13 and 15 put themselves at risk of becoming injecting drug users, getting infected with AIDS virus, Hepatitis B/C: 3,5% of those registered were infected with AIDS virus between the ages of 13 and 18; 28,5% were infected at the age of 18 – 24 years. The consumption of psychoactive substances (surfactants) from the injection form of consumption turned into a form of smoking and taking pills. Priority areas for further research have been identified: to conduct research with an interval of three years; to reach students of higher educational institutions, pupils of city colleges, with the aim of further cooperation with deans of educational institutions for holding lectures, talks, and thematic evenings for students on healthy lifestyles, AIDS virus and the dangers of psychoactive substances consumption
Study of Behavioral Disorders in Primary School Children
No full textBackground: In present times, because of the rapid industrialization and urbanization, emotional, behavior and psychiatric problems are on the rise. Objectives: 1) to assess the patterns of behavioral disorders in primary school children. 2) To study the factors associated with the presence of behavioral disorders. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study, carried out in the most densely populated areas in Pune city. All the students studying in the I to IV standard are included in the study. The parents of the study participants were interviewed using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Majority of the children were having either scholastic problems i. e. 136 (32.3%) or personality problems in 136 (32.3%)
Critical Analysis of Serum Visfatin Levels in Obese and Non-Obese Primary Hypertensive Subjects
No full textThe purpose of this study was to look at the serum levels of Visfatinin non-obese ordinary circulatory strain, non-obese hypertension and obesity hypertension. Research plan was Comparative cross sectional study. The Place and span was collaborating with the Institute of Medical Science in Lahore at the Graduate School of Medicine Laboratory of Lahore. This research included 81 subjects, each separated into 3 gatherings: non-obese normotensive, non-obese hypertensive and obesity hypertension. Circulatory strain level, BMI (Body Mass Index) and WHR (Waist to Hip Ratio) were estimated. Fasting blood tests were gathered to evaluate Visfatin levels in the serum. The results showed that the Mean serum Visfatin levels of 70.97 ± 50.30 ng/ml were seen in obese hypertensive patients contrasted with 33.71 ± 10.66 ng/ml and 5.21 ± 3.57 ng/ml for non-obese hypertensive and non-obese ordinary circulatory strain. It is concluded that Serum Visfatin levels can be utilized as biomarkers for assessing hypertension in obese and non-obese patients
Evaluation of efficiency in patients with a chronic renal disease undergoing hemodialysis in Jahrom University, 2018
No full textIntroduction: Patients with a chronic renal failure are confronted with many physical and psychological stresses. One of the effective factors in improving the quality of hemodialysis patients is self-efficacy, which means one's confidence in the capability of carrying out self-care behaviors in a particular condition. Considering the importance of self-efficacy in patients' coping with the illness and having a successful life, the researchers decided to put in necessary plans to improve the level of self-efficacy in this population of patients and increase their self-confidence in the treatment plan.Method: The present study is an analytical descriptive study. It includes all patients over 18 years with a chronic renal illness , reading and writing skills, auditory, verbal and caution ability to answer the patients' questions who have at least undergone of one year of treatment by hemodialysis and coverage of dialysis center at Shahid Motahhari Educational Hospital Under the supervision of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences. Sampling was done by census method. A 2-part questionnaire was used to collect information. The first part consists of demographic information. The second part consists of a self-efficacy questionnaire consisting of 29 questions of 5 options. In order to determine the self-efficacy score, the mean and standard deviation of scoreswere calculated first and then, taking into account the upper limit and the lower limit, the sum and subtraction of the mean and the standard deviation scoring were made. After collecting the data, by using the SPSS21 software, the data were analyzed.Results: 56% of the samples were male and the rest were female. Most(about 87%) were married and the average age was 60.9 ± 1.4.Self-efficacy scorein the samples was 56.6 ± 1.2. Selfefficacy score in married people (57.5 ± 11.5) was higher than single ones (44.2 ± 6.0 and p less than 0.001). Self-efficacy was significantly higher in people over 60 years than those under 60 years. Self-efficacy score was higher in those without a history of renal disease (62.3 ± 11.5) than those with a history of renal disease (55.5 ± 11.8 and p less than 0.05).However, there was no significant relationship between the self-efficacy score with sex, number of children, the cause of renal disease, economic status, occupational status, history of renal disease in the family, duration of the disease and duration of treatment with hemodialysis
Antenatal Care and Reasons for Non Utilization of Antenatal Services
No full textObjective: the goal is to provide regular checkups that allows the doctors or midwives to treat and prevent potential health problems throughout the course of pregnancy while promoting the healthy lifestyles that benefit both mother and child.
Methodology:A Sample of around 66 people visiting akhter saeed trust hospital gynae/ peds OPD , Lahore were randomly selected and information gathered through filling of structured questionnaire to access gap in knowledge and practice regarding selfcare in antenatal care amongFemale and socioeconomic factors contributing to prone lifestyle.
Results:A Study was carried out among gynae/pedes patients in akhter saeed trust hospital OPD Lahore. Total 51 randomly selected patients were inducted in the study with age above equal or less than 27. Out of the 66 patients interviewed, 43.9%were above the age of less than 27years and 56.1% were below the age of less than 27 years.The socioeconomic status was good (Income per Capita >3000 in 42 <3000 in 14.)
Conclusion: A Study revealed that the ratio of population using antenatal services that area is not satisfactory. People who where aware of this antenatal care were ignorant and were constantly affected. Hence the null hypothesis was proved to be correcte
Assessment of Dyslipidemia in Cases of PCOS and Its Association with Age and BMI
No full textObjective:To determine the frequency of dyslipidemia in patients of PCOS in BVH Bahawalpur.Material and methods:This cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Pathology, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur. Total 286 patients with PCOS having age 18-35 years were selected for this study. Total 3 ml fasting blood sample was taken from every patient for total cholesterol, LDL, HDL & Triglycerides.Results:Mean age of the patients was 24.40 ± 5.367 and mean BMI was 21.01 ± 1.912. Out of 286 patients of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) dyslipidemia was found in 69 (24.13%) patients. Statistically significant association between dyslipidemia and age of the patients was noted with p value 0.000. Significant association between BMI and dyslipidemia was noted with p value 0.000.Conclusion:Findings of this study showed higher percentage of dyslipidemia in cases of PCOS. Age of the patientsand BMI was significantly associated with dyslipidemia
Evaluation of Health Care Facilities for Promotion of Reproductive Health
No full textThis research paper analyses infant and maternal deaths, last pregnancy Ante-natal Checkup, distribution of age, availed quality of Ante-natal, availed number of checkups, during pregnancy complications recognition and pregnancy. Location of the village is Taluka in district Thatta with 375 people as its total population. A questionnaire was developed for the completion of household survey. The set criteria were 1 couple 1 households without any discrimination of kitchen utilization. Information of house, education status, WASH facilities, livelihood, skill, expenditure and income was included in the research paper. Data was gathered from the theme of PRA and response of the participants. SPSS and Excel were used for the development of household database, KAP, health facility and LIP. Research aimed at the analysis of the mother’s reproductive health in terms of health availability andaffordability to find out attitude, knowledge and practices regarding healthcare services. Instead of recognizing the norms of the culture in most of the social settings of the mother reproductive health, it is observed that less attention is given to the factor of healthcare effectiveness and social norms for the promotion of healthcare facilities of mothers. Findings of the research reflect that financial status and marriage at young age seriously affect the women’s reproductive health. It is further influenced by economic, cultural and social factors in rural communities of Pakistan. Another significant hindrance is the poor state of public hospital quality standards. For the safety of maternal life these barriers need to be removed to assure high level of quality healthcare to the rural areas women
Evaluation of Efficacy of Levetiracetam in treating Neonatal Seizures in DHQ Hospital, Pakistan
No full textOBJECTIVE: evaluate the frequency of efficacy of Levetiracetam in treating seizures in neonates
METHODOLOGY: In this descriptive observational study, we enrolled 110 cases from DHQ Hospital Kasur. We included all neonates of either gender, term cases, with seizures, loading dose of 50 mg/kg of intravenous levetiracetam was given at admission and maintained on a dose of 25 mg/kg every 12 hours. Outcome was measured in-terms of loss of EEG event within 72 hours of treatment and cessation of tonic, clonic seizures in ≥ 12hours. RESULTS: Out of 110 cases, 42.73%(n=47) were between 1-15 days of life and 57.27%(n=63) were between 16-28 days, 48.18%(n=53) were male and 51.82%(n=57) were females. The efficacy of the Levetiracetam in neonatal seizures was recorded in 62.73%(n=69) neonates.
Conclusion: LEV is an effective drug for resolving neonatal seizures in our population
Determinants of Urolithiasis in Adult Patients Presenting to Urology Outdoor Mayo Hospital, Lahore
No full textThis study was focused on The Determinants of Urolithiasis in Adults presenting to outdoor of Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Urolithiasis means stones in the urinary tract which may be of oxalate, phosphate or calcium.
Objectives: To identify the frequency of various precipitating factors of urolithiasis and the percentage contributed by each factor in the disease. .
Design: Sample study.
Place: Lahore.
Study Period: 2-3 months.
Subjects and Methods: A sample was taken out of a 100 subjects having urinary tract stones presenting to Urology Outdoor, Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Selection methods were discussed to define the criteria for selection of the population. Patients were interviewed through questionnaires. Modern data collection, compilation and analysis techniques were adopted.After describing the demographic characteristics using frequency tables, pie charts and bar charts were prepared for illustration.
Results: Out of 100 subjects, urolithiasis was found to be more in people above 35 yrs (64%), mostly common in women (54%) as compared to males (46%). Less water intake (in57% cases), unfiltered/ unboiled drinking water (in 82% cases), high intake of green vegetables/tomatoes (in 40% cases) and urinary tract infections (in 57% cases) were found to be significantly associated with urolithiasis, 69.5% of the males had pre existing Benign Prostate Hyperplasia. 24% of the cases were on diuretics when they developed urolithiasis. Contribution of commonly notorious risk factors like high calcium intake, high protein diet was not found to be significant. 23% of the individuals were taking high calcium supplements.4% of the individuals were on high protein diet. 25% of the individuals had pre existing hypertension. Only 21% of the individuals had co existing gouty arthritis. 13% had pre existing diabetes mellitus. None of them was on drugs like triamterene, indinavir, and sulfadiazine