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Capital Structure and Financial Performance of Listed Manufacturing Goods Firms in Nigeria
Full text linkThis study investigated capital structure and financial performance of listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The dwindling rate of business operations which has affected the revenue base of the listed industrial goods firms in the Country necessitated this study. The sample size for the study consisted of thirteen (13) listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria. The study made use secondary data. The secondary data was obtained from the listed industrial goods firm’s annual reports and accounts. Data was analyzed using descriptive and Pearson correlation coefficient statistical tools with the aid of statistical package for social sciences. The findings reveal that equity capital has a positive strong relationship with return on asset in the listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria and also debt capital was found to have very strong relationship with return on asset. Based on the findings, it was concluded that capital structure significantly affects financial performance. Therefore, the study recommends that listed industrial goods firms in Nigeria should employ more equity finance in establishing optimal capital structure. Finally, when capital is raised through debt instrument, more attention should be channeled towards other areas for performance enhancement instead of relying on returns from equity capital alone
2023 Post-Election Adjustment Behaviour Among Undergraduates at Ignatius Ajuru University of Education: Implications for Counselling
Full text linkThis study investigates 2023 post-election adjustment behaviour among undergraduates at Ignatius Ajuru University of Education and its implications for counselling. The study was guided by three objectives, research questions and hypotheses. The study was anchored on the cognitive dissonance theory. A descriptive research design was employed for the study. The population of the study consisted of 2,160 400-level undergraduates from the Faculty of Education, at Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, with a Taro Yemen's informed sample size of 338 undergraduates. Data was collected using a 4-point Likert scale questionnaire. The questionnaire was validated and tested for reliability using Cronbach's alpha, with a coefficient of 0.85 indicating high internal consistency. The mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions, while the hypotheses were tested using t-tests at the 0.05 level of significance. The findings, among others, revealed that females showed higher levels of post-election adjustment behaviours compared to males. Furthermore, the hypothesis showed that there is a significant difference in the perceptions of undergraduates based on their gender in the post-election adjustment behaviours exhibited after the 2023 elections. Based on the findings, the study concluded that gender plays a crucial role in determining how undergraduates cope with post-election adjustments, with females demonstrating a greater tendency towards seeking social support and self-care. The counselling implications of these results suggest that tailored interventions may be more effective if they take into account gender differences in coping strategies, potentially leading to more successful outcomes for both male and female students during times of political stress
Analysis of Factors Affecting The Success of Strategic Change Initiatives in The Management Consulting Sector
Full text linkStrategic change initiatives are essential tools that companies use to improve performance and achieve long-term goals. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the strategic change initiative in a management consulting firm in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Quantitative analysis was used through a survey using a questionnaire distributed electronically to 100 employees, and the researcher received 81 response o. The research conducted a statistical analysis of the questionnaire to identify the success and failure factors affecting the initiative and evaluate the company’s performance. The results showed that effective communication with employees and developing a clear change message were critical factors that contributed to the success of the initiative. Clearly communicating the change vision to employees helped enhance their understanding of and commitment to the initiative’s goals, while the active participation of all members affected by the change was essential to achieving success. The commitment and support of senior management also played a vital role in directing and implementing the initiative. On the other hand, the results showed that resistance to change, the absence of standard principles, and adopting short-term initiatives without considering long-term goals were the main factors hindering the achievement of the initiative’s goals. Other obstacles included hiring non-specialized employees, lack of integration in project management, and effective monitoring of processes. The results showed that the initiative had a positive impact on the company’s performance, as employee satisfaction and the quality of services provided improved, customer satisfaction increased, and productivity and performance efficiency improved
Undergraduate Entrepreneurial Intentions and Personal Attitude Towards Entrepreneurship in Natural Product Chemistry
Full text linkThis study was carried out to determine the relationship between personal attitude and undergraduates’ entrepreneurial intentions towards entrepreneurship in natural product chemistry in Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Port Harcourt Rivers State, Nigeria. Correlation research design was adopted and the sample comprised 54 Final year undergraduate in Chemistry Education Undergraduates Department in Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The instrument was a -17item questionnaire “tagged” Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions Questionnaire (SEIQ) with reliability coefficient of 0.87 determined by Alpha Cronbach formula. Research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation and hypothesis tested at 0.05 level of significance. Findings of revealed a positive correlation between entrepreneurial intentions and personal attitude as well as behavioural control. High extent of science education undergraduates’ entrepreneurial intentions, attitude and entrepreneurial behavior of science education undergraduate towards entrepreneurship in natural product was obtained. It was recommended among others that natural products chemistry should be taught as a practical course to increase the entrepreneurial intention of students
Examine The Independent Discoveries of Calculus and the Subsequent Rivalry Between Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
No full textThe independent discovery of calculus by Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz represents a defining milestone in the history of mathematics and science, highlighting the intellectual genius of both men and the complexity surrounding the recognition of scientific achievement in the 17th century. Newton, working in England, developed his own version of calculus, which he called the “method of fluxes,” as a way to solve fundamental problems in physics, including motion, gravitation, and rates of change. His approach was deeply rooted in physical applications and intuitive reasoning. At the same time, Leibniz, working in Germany, independently formulated calculus with a greater emphasis on mathematical rigor, formalism, and generalization. His systematic notation, including the integral (∫) and differential (dx) symbols, provided a framework that remains the standard in modern mathematics. The rivalry between Newton and Leibniz on the invention of calculus arose in a context of poor communication, nationalistic fervor and mutual distrust. Newton's major work on calculus preceded Leibniz's, as his notes and correspondence show, but the latter was the first to publish his findings in 1684 and 1686. This publication established the its notation and methods in the mathematical community. Newton, however, claimed priority based on his earlier but unpublished contributions, leading to a contentious dispute that lasted decades. National loyalties further exacerbated the conflict, with English mathematicians supporting Newton and continental mathematicians rallying behind Leibniz. This long-running controversy, known as the "Newton-Leibniz calculus controversy," had far-reaching consequences. While it created divisions within the European mathematical community, it also catalyzed rapid advances in the development and application of calculus. The controversy forced mathematicians to refine their methods, clarify concepts, and expand the theoretical foundations of the discipline. This article examines the chronology of the discoveries, the philosophical and methodological differences between Newton's and Leibniz's approaches, and the sociopolitical factors that intensified their rivalry. By examining the historical context and outcomes of this pivotal episode, the article highlights the paradox of independent discoveries: while they can lead to conflicts over priority and recognition, they often serve as catalysts for significant progress and innovation in intellectual and scientific inquiry. The Newton-Leibniz controversy not only reshaped the trajectory of mathematics, but also emphasized the interdependence of intellectual endeavors and the role of cooperation, even in the midst of rivalry
Exploring Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Flow and Economic Growth: A Systematic Approach
Full text linkThis research aims to deepen the understanding of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and its relationship with economic growth by systematically reviewing existing literature. The study also seeks to elucidate the factors influencing FDI and how FDI flows impact economic growth, alongside examining the opportunities and challenges posed by FDI adoption. This study conducted a review of 100 publications published between 2001 and 2022 using data sourced from the Scopus database, as well as other comprehensive databases such as ScienceDirect, Emerald Insight, JStor, PLOS ONE, Springer, and Taylor & Francis. The review incorporated empirical research, case studies, and reports from institutions like the World Bank and OECD. Additionally, related books and theoretical frameworks were referenced to support the analysis. The literature indicates that FDI can influence economic growth in various ways. Broadly, FDI is recognized as a significant driver of development and an essential part of an open and efficient international economic system. However, the distribution of FDI benefits is not uniform or automatic across countries, sectors, or local communities. The findings highlight that social and macroeconomic factors play crucial roles in shaping business decisions regarding FDI, contingent on the unique characteristics of the host country. This research provides a conceptual framework based on existing literature for understanding the impact of FDI on economic growth. It encourages empirical studies to validate and test the applicability and effectiveness of this framework in real-world contexts. Originality/value by synthesizing diverse perspectives from the literature, this paper identifies key factors influencing FDI flows and their impact on economic growth. It offers practical insights that could assist investors in comprehending FDI dynamics and their implications for economic development
A Systematic Literature Review on ICT Integration: Opportunities and Challenges in Teaching Mathematics
Full text linkIntegrating information and communication technology in modern education is very instrumental in changing the way mathematics is taught and learned. Research in the Philippines explores how ICT is integrated into the country's teaching of math, outlining opportunities and challenges for Filipino teachers and students. This study used a systematic literature review with the aid of the PRISMA framework. A total of 22,800 scholarly articles in Google Scholar was reduced to 994 after title and keyword screening. After the final analysis, 12 articles met all criteria. Literature review shows that integrating ICT into math education offers an incredible number of benefits such as increased student engagement, new pedagogies, improved classroom management, flexibility in learning and teaching, and enhanced assessment. ICT improves contact between teachers and students as it creates possibilities for computer-supported collaborative learning using tools such as virtual manipulatives and simulations to deepen understanding of skills referred to as higher-order thinking. Several challenges still exist despite the benefits. Most schools lack proper ICT infrastructure: reliable internet and enough devices. The budget makes it hard to acquire equipment or relevant software needed for such instruction. Some teachers are not confident and need training in using ICT, and technical support is not adequate. These will only lead to uneven use of ICT in classrooms, hence limiting the possible impact on mathematics teaching. Infrastructural improvements, funds, and training of teachers, when coupled with technical support, might propel more efficient integration of ICT in math instructions within Philippine education. These will build vibrant learning environments that pave the way for learners toward success in a world increasingly dominated by digital technology
The Role of Financial Digitalization in Achieving Efficient Financial Performance Applied Research into Some Banks Listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange
Full text linkThe primary objective of the study is to find or study the impact of digital finance, represented by the following dimensions (electronic bank branches, automated teller machines, electronic payment cards, and open banking services), on achieving efficient financial performance (capital adequacy, profitability, credit risk, liquidity) in commercial banks listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange for the period (2015-2021). In order to achieve the goal of this study, statistical methods models were relied upon, using the least squares method, as the results of the study concluded that the relationship between financial digitalization and the efficiency of financial performance constitutes A positive linear relationship, meaning that the greater the financial digitization, the more efficient the financial performance. The research also presented a set of recommendations that relevant authorities can use
Risk Management in Petrochemical Companies: Sankyu Company as Case Study
Full text linkNumerous risks associated with petrochemical projects can lead to cost overruns and negatively impact the quality of petrochemical products. These problems result from a failure to implement a plan to manage risks related to the operation and maintenance of petrochemical equipment and machinery. Therefore, this study aims to examine the risk mitigation strategies represented by risk retention, risk control, risk prevention, and risk transfer related to improving the financial aspects of petrochemical projects. To achieve the research objectives, the study relied on the quantitative approach by using a questionnaire that included the definition of all potential risks related to operational, human, environmental, and maintenance risks. The questionnaire also included an extensive study of risk mitigation strategies. The organization distributed the questionnaire to 268 Sankyu Company employees who operate and maintain petrochemical equipment. The study sample reached 159 respondents. The SPSS statistical analysis program calculated averages and standard deviations after collecting the data. The study found that the potential risks assessed using the risk index have a significant impact on petrochemical projects. The study also provided a comprehensive guide that includes risk mitigation strategies in petrochemical projects. The study has proven effective in improving the financial aspects of petrochemical projects
The Impact of Income Inequality and Energy Consumption Dynamics on Environmental Degradation in Indonesia
Full text linkClimate change as a form of environmental degradation is an important issue that needs to be addressed to achieve the SDGs. The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of economic growth, energy consumption, income inequality on environmental degradation in Indonesia in the long term and short term and to analyze the suitability of the hypothesis Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is theoretically proven and valid in Indonesia both in the long term and short term. Researchers focus on research in Indonesia because Indonesia is a developing country with significant economic growth, but often there is intensive exploitation of natural resources. The data used in this research is time series data year 1991-2020. In this research, Error Correction Model (ECM) is used to see the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable in the long term and short term, as well as to test hypotheses Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), the hypothesis which states there is a relationship between economic growth and environmental quality and depicts an inverted curve is tested using the program Eviews 12. The results of this research are that the economic growth variable has no effect on environmental degradation in Indonesia in the short term, but in the long term economic growth has a significant positive effect on environmental degradation. The energy consumption variable has a positive and significant influence on environmental degradation in Indonesia both in the short and long term. The income inequality variable has no effect on environmental degradation in Indonesia in both the short and long term, there is a negative effect but it is not significant. Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in Indonesia is in accordance with the existing EKC hypothesis. The government needs to implement sustainable development policies and green technology to reduce the negative impact of economic growth and energy consumption on the environment