Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
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Biomarkers of Suture Density and Thickness in Craniofacial Bone Growth: Micro-CT Analysis
Get PDFIntroduction: One of the parameters for measuring craniofacial growth is suture closure. The sutures are connected with fibrous connective tissue that grows in a few days. The objective is to analyze the gray-scale value (GV) potential by measuring the volume of interest (VOI) of the different skulls using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT). The analysis uses certain parameters, namely density and thickness.
Material and Methods: This study involves experimental mice to examine normal growth and development processes at a certain age by investigating mice’s suture maturation. If the suture closure process has been completed, it can be used as a potential standard for measuring the cessation of growth in the craniofacial area. This study examined three different skulls obtained from 15-day-old (cranium 1) baby mice, 25-day-old (cranium 2) baby mice, and 120-day-old adult mice (cranium 3). The possible GV was 0 to 255 (Micro-CT-reconstructed image dataset in 8-bit-BMP-format). There was a volumetric space that limited the analysis area of the bone tissue whose density was measured. In micro-CT-reconstructed images, VOI was determined by the region-of-interest (ROI) in the 2D image slices, which completely formed an image. The machine used was a Bruker SkyScan 1173 high energy micro-CT.
Results and Discussions: The suture of Cranium 1, Cranium 2, and Cranium 3 have a relative mean density (GV) of 32,45; 29,74; and 50,1, respectively. This study also measures the geometric average measurement of bone cranium thickness with a 5x5 mm cross-section. The average thickness of cranium 1 is 0.554 mm, cranium 2 is 0.645 mm, and cranium 3 is 1.417 mm.
Conclusion: Sutures cranium 1 and 2 are lower in density and thinner than cranium 3 as documented by means of Micro-CT
Characteristics of Patchouli Plant (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) as An Antimicrobial in The Development of Dental Materials
Get PDFIntroduction: Various natural ingredients have been developed in health science to avoid side effects that arise due to the use of chemicals. Pogostemon cablin Benth, or the patchouli plant, is a natural ingredient that has been researched and has potential as an antimicrobial and antioxidant in health problems. The development of natural materials in dentistry is influenced by their physical, chemical, and biological properties. This review aims to determine the various characteristic tests that need to be carried out to support the potential development of Pogostemon cablin Benth as an antimicrobial material in dentistry.
Review: All parts of the patchouli plant can be used in the form of extracts and essential oils that contain secondary metabolites and other active ingredients, Patchouli Alcohol and its derivatives, which have an effect on antimicrobial activity. Another form of utilization of Pogostemon cablin Benth., such as emulsions, nanohydrogels, and encapsulations, aimed at increasing their activity. Various tests related to physical, chemical, and biological characteristics can be carried out to optimize the content of Pogostemon cablin Benth. so that it can be used appropriately, especially regarding health problems.
Conclusion: The results of this search have provided an overview of Pogostemon cablin Benth, which has physical, chemical, and biological properties that have the potential to become antimicrobial materials for dentistry
Prevalence of Patients With Traumatic Ulcer at RSGM Saraswati Denpasar in 2023
No full textIntroduction: One of the most common soft tissue diseases of the oral cavity is traumatic ulcer. Traumatic ulcer is an ulceration that can occur due to damage to the epithelial tissue of the oral cavity. Locations prone to traumatic ulcers are the mucosal areas of the lips, buccal, and tongue. Traumatic ulcers can occur due to mechanical, chemical, or thermal trauma
Material and Methods: This study uses a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional approach, and the population used were patients who visited RSGM Saraswati Denpasar in 2023.
Results and Discussions:. There were 3,874 patients who visited RSGM Saraswati Denpasar in 2023 and 76 patients were found to have traumatic ulcers, resulting in a prevalence of 1.98%. Traumatic ulcers are more common at the age of 20-29 years, 57.89% and more common in women, 65.79%.
Conclusion: From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the age group that more often experiences traumatic ulcers is 20-29 years old, and in the female gender.
Periodontal Surgery in Patients With Periodontitis Stage I Grade A
No full textIntroduction: Periodontitis is an inflammation of the periodontal tissue characterized by loss of attachment and gingival enlargement. Periodontal diseases such as periodontitis that cannot be treated with non-surgical therapy, surgical therapy is performed, namely curettage which aims to eliminate bacteria and gingivectomy helps visibility and accessibility so that it will reduce periodontal inflammation.
Case: A 21-year-old female patient came to RSGM UNIMUS with complaints of enlarged gingiva on the upper and lower front teeth and redness on the upper left back teeth, since 1 year ago, clinically there was gingival enlargement on teeth 12,21,31,32,42,43 and redness accompanied by periodontal pockets on the mesial and distal parts of teeth 26,27.
Case Treatment: The treatment procedure carried out in the initial phase was scaling, then after control it was continued with periodontal surgery, namely curettage and gingivectomy because the results of the evaluation of pocket depth and gingival enlargement did not decrease.
Discussions: The results of treatment after two weeks after scaling have not changed, after two weeks after periodontal surgery showed good condition with mild complaints.
Conclusion and Suggestions: Gingivectomy and curettage treatment can quickly reduce periodontal inflammation
Effectiveness of Lecture Method in Improving Dental and Oral Health Knowledge in Adolescent Group at Mahasaraswati University Denpasar
No full textIntroduction : Dental and oral health is one of the main indicators of overall health which includes the condition of the oral cavity, frequently encountered diseases, tooth loss and other health problems. One group that is quite vulnerable to dental and oral problems is teenagers, as many as 51.9% of teenagers aged 15-24 years suffer from dental and oral diseases caused by a lack of dental and oral health maintenance behavior. Dental health to increase awareness of teenagers in maintaining dental and oral health.
Methods :. This research is a descriptive, cross-sectional observational study in which exposure and outcome are measured at the same time. The research sample was determined by purposive sampling, namely the research sample criteria determined by the researcher and the total sample obtained was 16 samples. The data collection technique used primary data taken using pretest and post-test questionnaires. The data were then analyzed using the Paired Sample T-Test and chi square methods to see differences in knowledge, attitudes and actions before and after counseling.
Results and Discussions : A significance value of <0.05 from the paired t-test indicates that there is an influence or significant difference in the respondent's knowledge before and after being given education Knowledge and attitudes will have a big impact on a person's decision to maintain their health. In the chi square analysis test, there was not much difference in the p-value
Conclusion : The outreach activities were able to provide an increase in teenagers' knowledge of dental and oral health, marked by the increase in post-test results that were distributed. With increased knowledge in a group of teenagers, it is hoped to reduce the level of dental problems in a group of teenager
Analysis of The Relationship Between Oral Health Maintenance Behavior of Prisoners on DMFT and OHIS Scores
No full textIntroduction: Every human being, including prisoners, has the right to general health and dental health. Prisoners have the right to receive treatment, both spiritual and physical, namely health services. Dental and oral health status is a health problem in Indonesia that has received little attention. In West Sulawesi Province, 68.4% had dental problems, 78.3% received treatment, and 93.0% never sought treatment. Based on research results, dental and oral health care facilities in prisons are still very limited, making it difficult for prisoners to get treatment. Therefore, researchers want to know the behavior and dental health status of prisoners at the research location.
Materials and Methods: This study used an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional research design. Sampling was carried out by purposive sampling, where the samples that met the inclusion criteria were 109.
Results and Discussion: Oral health maintenance behavior in the sufficient category is 47 prisoners (37.06%), dental caries status in the Decay Missing Filled-Teeth (DMF-T) score category is very high, namely 41 prisoners (37.06%), oral hygiene status and Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S) category is moderate, 79 prisoners (72.48%). The results of the correlation or relationship test using Spearman, p-value <0.001, which means that there is a relationship between oral health behavior with DMF-T and OHI-S scores.
Conclusion: From the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between oral health maintenance behavior and DMFT and OHI-S caries scores in prisoners at Class IIB Polewali Mandar Prison, West Sulawesi
Clinical Findings of the Oral Cavity in Outpatient Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients at RSUD Kota Tangerang
Get PDFIntroduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the 9th world’s deadliest chronic infectious diseases caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis and predominantly affects the lungs. TB could also occur in other sites of the body, such as the oral cavity. The oral manifestation incidence of TB is approximately 0,1%–0,5%. Despite being a rare occurrence, oral TB remains a challenging issue because of its nonspecific clinical presentation. This study aims to determine the clinical findings of the oral cavity in outpatient’s pulmonary TB at RSUD Tangerang city.
Materials and Methods: This research is a descriptive analysis with a cross-sectional study design. The data was collected with a total sample was 50 medical record’s of outpatient’s pulmonary TB at RSUD Tangerang City, both male and female, aged >18 years, who were visiting pulmonary unit, then were consulted to the oral medicine unit. We collected data about sociodemographic, TB diagnosis, and oral diagnosis
Results and Discussions : The results showed that 18 sample had a very low DMF-T category (>5). The clinical findings of the oral cavity statistically showed that the third incidence highest percentage was chronic gingivitis (31,7%), coated tongue (17,6%), and atrophy glossitis (7,7%).
Conclusion: The results suggest that outpatient’s with pulmonary TB have oral lesions with a varied clinical manifestations and very low caries experience
The Effect of Xylitol Chewing Gum on The Growth of Streptococcus Mutans Bacteria Colonial Growth in Saliva
No full textIntroduction: The unkempt state of the mouth and teeth can lead to the development of bacteria that cause problems in the oral cavity. Streptococcus mutans, an acid-producing bacterium, can cause caries whose numbers can be reduced by chewing Xylitol gum. Xylitol is a non-acidogenic and non-cariogenic natural sweetener that can stimulate salivary flow and increase the pH value of saliva. These bacteria cannot ferment Xylitol so acid is not produced and salivary pH does not decrease.
Materials and Methods: The tools and materials used in this study were Xylitol fresh mint gum, diagnostic tools, laboratory tools, Streptococcus mutans bacteria, saliva before and after treatment. The research method used was descriptive pseudo-experimental with One Group Pre-test and Post-test design.
Results and Discussion: The results of the study were analyzed with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The group between before and after treatment showed a difference in the number of bacterial colonies of 0.000, so there was a significant difference in the number of colonies in this study, with an average colony of Streptococcus mutans before treatment of 99.87 CPU/ml. While for Streptococcus mutans colonies after treatment amounted to 36.75 CPU/ml.
Conclusion: From the results of the study, it can be concluded that Xylitol gum has an effect on the growth of the number of colonies of Streptococcus mutans bacteria in saliva
Knowledge of The Elderly Group of The Wreda Sejahtera Bali Foundation in Maintaining Dental and Oral Health
No full textIntroduction: Tooth loss conditions are one of the health problems in the oral cavity that can cause discomfort for sufferers because it interferes with daily activities, such as speaking, chewing, socializing, and self-confidence. Riskesdas in 2018, indicates that 58.7% of the Indonesian population aged 65 and above experience dental and oral problems, such as cavities, missing teeth due to extraction or spontaneous loss, filled teeth due to cavities, and loose teeth. To prevent dental diseases, especially in the elderly, one of the things that can be done is to provide oral health education to the elderly. Counseling activities play a crucial role in the prevention of dental and oral diseases.
Methods: Observational study using a descriptive, cross-sectional design, both exposure and outcomes are measured simultaneously. The research method used is a lecture method for 35 minutes, followed by a demonstration on how to brush teeth and use dental floss for 10 minutes, and then concluded with a discussion session with the participants. The respondents are 28 individuals aged 55 years and above at the Wreda Sejahtera Foundation in Bali.
Results and Discussion: Based on the distributed questionnaire, it was found that an average of 90.3% of the elderly answered the knowledge questions correctly. This result indicates that the participants were enthusiastic and paid close attention to the counseling material.
Conclusion: The counseling activities carried out at the Wreda Sejahtera Bali Foundation were welcomed by the participants with enthusiasm in listening to the material and making the most of the question and answer session. This activity also has a positive impact on the elderly
Inhibitory Power of Moringa Leaf Extract (Moringa oleifera L.) Concentration of 50%, 75% And 100% On Mix Bacterial Growth of Root Canal
Get PDFIntroduction: Necrotic teeth can be maintained with root canal treatment, through three critical stages, namely preparation, sterilization, and filling. Sterilization is one of the critical stages that must be carried out during treatment, and it aims to eliminate as many pathogenic microorganisms as possible through irrigation and medicine. In recent times, there have been many studies on the use of traditional medicine from herbal ingredients as a substitute for chemical drugs. This study aims to determine the inhibitory power produced by moringa leaf extract against mixed bacteria in the root canal.
Materials and methods: This study is a laboratory study with a Post Test Control Group Design. The sample groups used were mixed bacteria in the root canal which were divided into 5 groups, namely the group with moringa leaf extract treatment with concentrations of 50%, 75%, and 100%, the treatment group given ChKM as a positive control, and the group treated with distilled water as a negative control, with each repetition 5 times. Moringa leaf extraction was carried out using the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent. Inhibition zone testing was carried out using the Kirby-Bauer method.
Results: The inhibitory power produced at a concentration of 50% was obtained on an average of 10.73mm, a concentration of 75% was obtained on an average of 14.24mm, and a concentration of 100% was obtained on an average of 16.48mm.
Conclusion: Moringa oleifera L. leaf extract at concentrations of 50%, 75%, and 100% can inhibit the growth of mixed bacteria in the root canal, with the most effective concentration at 100% Moringa oleifera L. leaf extract