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Ureteral duplicity in a female patient with renal calculus in left UVJ, a case report.
Get PDFAbstract: The ureters are tubular, bilateral, unique structures for each kidney, responsible for draining the urine collected in the renal pelvis to the bladder, so that it can later be eliminated. Ureteral duplication can be described as an abnormal urologic entity, with a frequency reported in 0.3 to 3% of the population. This anomaly is caused by the formation of double ureteral buds, which, in turn, form into separate structures and develop and form their own individual pelvic systems. A duplicated ureter is a result of early division of the ureteral bud into two or more completely or incomplete forms. Its diagnosis, for the most part, occurs incidentally, usually through imaging tests or even during surgery.
The objective of this study is to report a case of incomplete ureteral duplication and to highlight the type of treatment performed in the face of obstruction due to lithiasis
The Qualifications of a High School Physics Teacher Have
Get PDFThis study critically examines at the requirements for physics teachers in secondary schools. This study intends to shed light on the topic and offer insightful information for educators, policy-makers, and other stakeholders in the field of education by examining the many abilities, know-how, and experiences that go into good physics instruction at the high school level. This essay will demonstrate the necessary credentials that high school physics teachers should have in order to successfully engage students, improve learning outcomes, and support the success of science education in secondary schools through a thorough analysis of current research, educational standards, and best practices. The study aims to provide light on this important subject in order to contribute to current debates and decision-making processes concerning the hiring, preparation, and advancement of high school physics instructors. The ultimate objective of this research is to enhance physics education for the benefit of both society and students
Patient with cryptogenic cirrhosis
Get PDFCryptogenic cirrhosis is cirrhosis of uncertain etiology, with no definitive clinical and histological criteria for a specific disease. More than half of such patients are women, the average age is about 60, and patients generally have only mild liver enzyme abnormalities. Cryptogenic cirrhosis\u27s pathophysiology is unknown; therefore, further research is required to elucidate the underlying etiology. The problem of liver cirrhosis is extremely important since this pathology occurs mainly in young and healthy people. In patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis, aminotransferase (AST and ALT) levels are usually only mildly elevated or normal. In our case report, a 41-year-old male patient was approved to the emergency department due to migraine pain. Liver enzymes were high in the blood analysis taken from the patient. As a result of the liver ultrasound carried out on the patient, it was reported to have decreased liver size and irregular boundaries and compatible with chronic liver disease. The patient used various analgesics due to migraine in his 20s. However, no cause could be identified for the patient\u27s liver failure
Exploring Language Learning Motivation and Strategies in Viet-namese High School Students: A Case Study in Ho Chi Minh City
Get PDFThis study investigates the motivation and learning strategies of high school students in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, and explores the relationship between these two factors. The research involved 76 students from Dang Khoa private high school who completed adapted questionnaires to assess their types of motivation (intrinsic or extrinsic) and language learning strategies. Instruments were modified from established scales - Chang\u27s (2005) and Vaezi\u27s (2008) for motivation, and the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning, Version 7.0 (Oxford, 1989) for strategies. The findings indicate that the extrinsic motivation (e.g., external pressures, instrumental goals) was more prevalent than intrinsic motivation (e.g., personal interest, enjoyment) among the participants. In addition, a positive correlation was found between motivation level and strategised learning. Students with stronger motivation tended to employ a wider range of learning strategies. Based on these results, the study concludes with recommendations for educators to enhance student motivation and support their strategic use of learning practices for effective English language acquisition
Influence of Video Games on Children’s English Language Learning: A Case of Bangladesh
Get PDFPlaying video games has become an integral part of children’s lives now a days. The purpose of this study is to understand and measure the influence of playing video games on children’s English language learning. This exploratory study has been conducted in three steps. In the first step, a quantitative approach has been used, where data have been collected from 180 children by using a survey questionnaire. In the second step, a set of qualitative data have been collected by structured interview from 10 guardians whose children play video games on a regular basis. In the study’s third step, a two-sample t-test has been conducted to compare the English language skills of two groups of children, who played video games, and who did not. This comparison was based on the results of the children’s sudden proficiency test in English. After analyzing all the data, it is found that playing video games increases children’s basic language skills as well as grammar, spelling and vocabulary knowledge. Playing games reduce linguistic fear and enhance confidence. It is found from the statistical analysis (t-test) that the average score of proficiency test for one group, who play video games in regular basis, is higher than the average score of proficiency test of the other group, who do not play video games. So, this result demonstrates that the children who play video games are having better knowledge in English than other children. It implies that video games have a positive effect on children’s English language learning
Proposed Framework for enhancing Intercultural Communicative Competence in Bangladeshi ELT textbooks: ICC framework for ELT textbook of Bangladesh
No full textIn an attempt to address the commercial, instrumental, and generalizing aspects of the English for Today (EfT) textbook series, the official ELT textbooks locally produced for Class 1-12, this paper proposes an intercultural communicative framework for their construction and improvement. This framework builds on the elements of previous recommended frameworks from different nations, incorporating essential elements that are crucial in the Bangladeshi context. This study seeks to make clear which components of ELT textbooks should be added in order to enhance Bangladeshi students’ intercultural and communicative competencies based on the shortcoming of the present English for Today textbooks. The framework suggests the textbook should be divided into sections such as pre-text, text, images, and post-text activities. Here the pre-text should be based on knowledge, abridged extracts or authentic texts need to be included from multicultural contexts aligned with comprehensive images and finally post-text activities are intended to develop skills, attitudes and cultural awareness. The authors clearly outlined the roles of the teachers, students, and potential threats in every step of pre-text, text, images, and post-text exercises. To our knowledge, such type of framework has not yet been prepared or published for ELT textbooks in Bangladesh
The extent to which teachers at the Qamines Educational Services Office perceive the criteria for their evaluation by the educational supervisor from their own point of view.
No full textThe objective of the study was to ascertain the extent to which teachers perceive the performance evaluation criteria issued by the Office of Guidance and Inspection and to identify statistically significant differences in the level of teachers’ perception of these criteria according to gender and specialization variables. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the author employed the descriptive method and utilized the questionnaire as an instrument, comprising 29 paragraphs distributed across three areas. The author employed the questionnaire, which represents the criteria for evaluating the performance of teachers as issued by the Office of Guidance and Inspection, to the random sample of the study, which consisted of 70 male and female teachers of primary and secondary school teachers in schools belonging to the Educational Services Office. In the 2021-2022 academic year, 14% of the original study population of 517 teachers with a school schedule distributed over 14 schools participated in the study. The results indicated the following: The degree of teachers’ perception of their evaluation criteria was high, and there were statistically significant differences at the 0.05 level between the mean of teachers’ estimates of the degree of their perception of their performance evaluation criteria at the Qamines Educational Services Office, attributable to the two gender variables. These differences were in favor of males, and there were no differences attributable to the scientific specialization variable
Adherence to Anti-seizure Drugs and Associated Factors among Children with Epilepsy in central Sudan
Get PDFBackground: Epilepsies are the most common neurological disorder in children worldwide. They result in disability or even death. Adherence to anti-seizure drugs (ASDs) is challenging for children with epilepsies.
Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 67 children with epilepsies age between (2-16 years of age) on follow up visits at neurology refer clinic at Wad Medani Pediatric Teaching Hospital; Central Sudan from February to July. 2022. Adherence to ASDs was measured using Morisky’s Medication Adherence Scale eight – items (MMAS-8) translated to the local language. Descriptive analysis was conducted to calculate frequencies and percentages for categorical data, chi-square test for associated factors with adherence. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Gender analysis showed that 36 (53.7%) of patients were males. Forty-eight (71.6%) had good adherence to their medications. Thirty-three (49.3%) had 1-12 seizures/year. Thirty-nine (58.2%) of participants had generalized seizures while 22 (32.8%) had focal seizures. Sixty-six (95.5%) of study patients on poly therapy had good adherences. Adherence was not found to be associated with sex, age, parental education, employment status, ASDs, duration of epilepsy, type of epilepsy, seizures frequency or monotherapy versus poly therapy (p value > 0.05)
Evaluating the Nephroprotective and Hepato-protective Effects of Hypoestes rosea in Acetaminophen-Induced Toxicity in Albino Rats
Get PDFThe leaves of Hypoestes rosea are in use as traditional medicine in the Niger Delta areas in Nigeria and the Western part of Cameroun for the management of different ailments in children, such as anaemia, malaria, fever and other ailments. Regardless of its uses, scanty studies evaluating its organ protective effects exist. Therefore, this research study evaluates the nephroprotective and hepato-protective effects of Hypoestes rosea in acetaminophen-induced toxicity in Albino rats. The objectives of this research study are to evaluate the protective effect of Hypoestes rosea on the kidney and the liver of albino rats. Acetaminophen, which is frequently used as an analgesic and antipyretic drug at high doses, can be harmful to vital organs of the body, affecting the liver and kidneys. In this study, effects of an aqueous extract of Hypoestes rosea (AEHr) on liver function parameters and kidney function parameters of acetaminophen induced-toxicity in albino rats were evaluated using acute (15 days) and sub-chronic (30 days) duration of study and study group comprising of prophylactic (pre-treatment) and therapeutic (post-treatment) phases with six experimental groups in each phase. A total of 112 adult apparently healthy Albino rats weighing (180-220g) were used for this study, divided into six experimental groups of extract control (EC), negative control (NC), positive control (PC), AEHr100mg/kg b w., AEHr 200mg/kg b w., and AEHr 300mg/kg b w. groups each of six rats. At the end of the research study period, blood samples were collected through jugular puncture for liver and kidney function parameters. Results showed that acetaminophen-induced toxicity in albino rats caused toxicity to the kidney and toxicity to the liver, as evidenced by the raised levels of potassium, urea, creatinine and low bicarbonate from the renal function parameters and also as evidenced by significant elevation of bilirubin and liver enzymes with a significantly low total protein and albumin levels from the liver function parameters when compared with other experimental groups. Conversely, AEHr at different concentrations in a dose-dependent pattern at the different treatment phases and different duration periods were able to repair the injury to the kidney and liver caused by acetaminophen induction to normal. Consequently, the findings of this research propose that Hypoestes rosea contains active ingredients accountable for the nephroprotective and hepato-protective abilities in rats and can be recommended for more studies using higher mammals
Integrating Critical Thinking by P4Cs Into EFL Classes Through Integrated Language Skills
Get PDFThis research aims to provide empirical evidence on the impact of integrating Philosophy for Children (P4C) strategies with English language teaching for EFL learners. While existing studies have extensively outlined the educational benefits of P4C across various educational contexts, limited research focuses on its application in ESL or EFL settings. Therefore, this study investigates the positive effects of integrating P4C into EFL classrooms, specifically in conjunction with integrated language skills activities. A total of 12 students, evenly divided between Istanbul and Muğla, participated in the study. The P4C group engaged in language skills activities integrated with P4C in their classrooms for four weeks, and the impact of these lessons was assessed using questionnaires. The study’s results demonstrate that P4C interventions significantly reduced students’ levels of English speaking anxiety, enhanced their motivation to learn English post-intervention, and improved both their receptive and productive language skills. These findings underscore the potential of P4C integration in EFL instruction, offering promising implications for language pedagogy and learner outcomes