Strani pravni život
Not a member yet
907 research outputs found
Sort by
MODERNA AGENDA BREGZITA: NEKE POSLEDICE “VRAĆANJA KONTROLE”
Get PDFBrexit, the historically unique process of the UK’s withdrawal from the European Union, has continued to dominate the global conversation for several years and its significance has not waned. The withdrawal of a state from the EU happened for the first time in more than half a century of its history. Despite the formal completion of Brexit, many related issues regarding the implementation of the EU-UK Withdrawal Agreement, the status of Northern Ireland, the implementation of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement between the two parties, the place of EU law in the British national legal order, are still not finally resolved. The adopted legal decisions influence the current development of both the EU and especially the UK’s legal order. All this allows us to talk about the actual continuation of Brexit and the formation of its modern agenda.Pitanje Bregzita, istorijski jedinstvenog postupka povlačenja Velike Britanije iz Evropske unije, i danas, nekoliko godina nakon njegovog formalnog okončanja, predstavlja predmet diskusija na globalnom nivou, a značaj ovog pitanja i dalje je veliki. Povlačenje države iz članstva EU dogodilo se prvi put posle više od pola veka njene istorije. Uprkos formalnom okončanju Bregzita, brojna pitanja, kao što su pitanje implementacije Sporazuma o povlačenju i Sporazuma o trgovini i saradnji, pitanje statusa Severne Irske, kao i pitanje mesta prava EU u britanskom nacionalnom pravu, još uvek nisu konačno rešena. Usvojene pravne odluke utiču kako na trenutni razvoj prava Evropske unije, tako i na razvoj britanskog nacionalnog prava. Sve su to razlozi koji govore o važnosti teme, te opravdavaju bavljenje pitanjem faktičkog nastavka Bregzita, te formiranja njegove moderne agende
IZBOR VLADE U USTAVU CRNE GORE OD 2007. U SVJETLU UPOREDNOG PRAVA
Get PDFAfter presenting the main mechanisms of parliamentary systems on a comparative level and their mutual differences, the author highlights the possibility of multiple elections of a government in a single parliamentary term, even after having a prior government voted out of confidence, as an essential element of the continental parliamentary system. The author then points out to different solutions by which this possibility is realized in the constitutions of European parliamentary democracies. The author then highlights the solution of the Constitution of Montenegro from 2007 as specific in terms of its nomotechnics. In the continuation of the work, the author presents a linguistic and systemic interpretation of the norms of that Constitution and examines the thesis that it introduces a “cabinet” system of government. The author then presents how the office holders in Montenegro actually interpret and apply the stated norms of the Constitution. After comparing the text of the Constitution and the practice of the office holders, the author questions the issue of their mutual compatibility. In doing so, the author points to the opinion of the Venice Commission, the Constitutional Court of Montenegro, exploring as well the grounding of the thesis that the aforementioned practice is based, not on the text of the Constitution, but on constitutional customs. Finally, the author critically examines the current version of the Constitution of Montenegro, concluding on the necessity of revising the Constitution of Montenegro in the part of its Government election procedure.Uporedivši engleski i kontinentalni parlamentarizam, autor kao suštinsku razliku između njih uočava da u kontinentalnom parlamentarizmu postoji mogućnost izbora nove vlade u slučajevima izglasavanja nepovjerenja prethodnoj. Ukazujući na različita rješenja kojim se ova mogućnost ostvaruje, autor ističe rješenje Ustava Crne Gore od 2007. kao sporno. Autor predstavlja jezičko i sistemsko tumačenje ovog ustava i ispituje tezu da se njime normira kabinetski sistem vlasti, zatim pokazuje kako nosioci vlasti u stvarnosti tumače i primjenjuju njegove norme, problematizujući usaglašenost prakse sa tekstom Ustava. Autor ukazuje i na mišljenje Venecijanske komisije i Ustavnog suda Crne Gore, pa ispituje i tezu da se navedena praksa zasniva na ustavnim običajima, a ne na tekstu Ustava. Autor naposlijetku ukazuje na neophodnost revizije važećeg rješenja Ustava Crne Gore
RAZMATRANJE POSREDNE I PRENESENE DISKRIMINACIJE U SFERI ZAPOŠLJAVANJA I RADA IZ UGLA PRAVA EVROPSKE UNIJE
Get PDFThe paper deals with the issues of indirect and associative discrimination in the European Union law, with focus on the case law of the European Court of Justice, and the importance of the case law of this court for the sphere of employment. While prohibition of indirect discrimination was introduced in the European Union law a couple of decades ago, associative discrimination at the European Union level is, so far, addressed only by the European Court of Justice. In this regard, the concept of associative discrimination is still, to some extent, vague and subject to debate, while the dilemmas and risks in relation to this concept exponentially grow when reflected upon through lenses of indirect discrimination. The goal of the paper is to point out the importance, but also the risks of recognizing indirect associative discrimination in employment, all in the context of taking one step further in achieving substantive equality in the world of work.Rad se bavi posrednom i prenesenom (asocijativnom) diskriminacijom u pravu Evropske unije, sa posebnim fokusom na sudsku praksu Evropskog suda pravde i značaj sudske prakse ovog suda za sferu zapošljavanja i rada. Zabrana posredne diskriminacije je prisutna već decenijama u pravu Evropske unije, dok je prenesena diskriminacija, na nivou Evropske unije, i dalje prisutna samo u praksi Evropskog suda pravde. Stoga koncept prenesene diskriminacije i dalje ostaje u velikoj meri podložan razmatranju i debati, dok broj pitanja i nedoumica znatno raste kada se ovaj koncept posmatra kroz prizmu posredne diskriminacije. Cilj rada jeste da ukaže na važnost prepoznavanja prenesene diskriminacije kao posredne u sferi zapošljavanja i rada, ali i na rizike u vezi sa ovim konceptom, a sve u kontekstu koraka napred ka postizanju suštinske jednakosti u svetu rada
PRAVNA INFORMATIKA I TRENDOVI RAZVOJA PRAVOSUĐA
Get PDFLegal Tech has been blooming in the last decade. The development in European setting can be analyzed on the examples of Germany and England. According to their respective legal traditions, the market evolution of these systems follows different paths around the same global digital, technology base, based on the internet, artificial intelligence, and smart contracts. This article analyses the successful use cases of Legal Tech tools in fostering the access to Justice, the possibilities of automatization of legal tasks, various regulatory solutions in EU and England as well as the need to improve the informatics skills in new generations of lawyers in Serbia. New regulations in Germany and England are an expression of acknowledgement of new technological solutions, a lighthouse of further consumer protection law developments and a sign of more efficient access to Justice for broader population.
Pravna informatika doživljava procvat tokom poslednje decenije. Razvoj u evropskim okvirima da se sagledati na primerima Nemačke i Engleske. U skladu s pravnom tradicijom, tržišna evolucija ovih sistema prati različite putanje oko istorodne, globalne digitalne tehnološke baze zasnovane na internetu, veštačkoj inteligenciji i „pametnim” ugovorima. Ovaj pregledni rad analizira uspešne primene Legal Tech alata u pospešivanju pristupa pravdi, mogućnosti automatizacije pravih poslova, različitia zakonodavna rešenja EU i Engleske i potrebe pospešivanja informatičkih znanja novih generacija pravnika u Srbiji. Nova regulativa u Nemačkoj i Engleskoj izraz je prepoznavanja novih tehnoloških rešenja, orijentir budućeg razvoja prava potrošača i vesnik efikasnijeg pristupa pravdi za šire narodne mase
Dr Jelena Vukadinović Marković POSTUPAK REŠAVANJA SPOROVA PRED MEĐUNARODNIM TRGOVINSKIM ARBITRAŽAMA Beograd: Institut za uporedno pravo, 2022
Get PDF/
UPOREDNOPRAVNI REGULATORNI ODGOVORI NA IZAZOVE DIGITALNE IMOVINE
Get PDFTechnologically enabled innovations in finance are necessarily accompanied by legal innovations. The continuous growth and development of the market in crypto-assets have stimulated the activity of regulatory authorities in various jurisdictions, with the aim of finding acceptable regulatory solutions, capable of responding to the challenges of the digital age. The activities of regulatory authorities, primarily motivated by the market participants protection, financial stability and market integrity safeguarding, as well as encouraging the development of innovations, resulted in innovative regulatory models and tools. The paper analyzes comparative legal approaches to digital assets as a form of fintech innovation, regulatory innovations stimulated by new global activity, as well as the regulatory activity of international organizations and the establishment of regulation at the supranational level. The paper will provide an overview of different comparative legal regulatory solutions, including their features, advantages and disadvantages.Tehnološki omogućene inovacije u oblasti finansija nužno su praćene pravnim inovacijama. Kontinuiran rast i razvoj tržišta digitalne imovine podstakli su aktivnost regulatornih organa u različitim jurisdikcijama u cilju iznalaženja prihvatljivih regulatornih rešenja sposobnih da odgovore izazovima digitalnog doba. Aktivnosti regulatornih organa, primarno motivisane zaštitom tržišnih učesnika, očuvanjem finansijske stabilnosti i integriteta tržišta, kao i podsticanjem razvoja inovacija rezultirale su inovativnim regulatornim modelima i alatima. U radu su analizirani uporednopravni pristupi uređivanju pravnih pitanja nastalih pojavom digitalne imovine kao posebnog oblika fintek (fintech) inovacija, regulatorne inovacije podstaknute novom globalnom delatnošću, kao i regulatorna aktivnost međunarodnih organizacija i uspostavljanje regulative na nadnacionalnom nivou. Cilj rada je da se prikažu različita uporednopravna regulatorna rešenja i istaknu njihova obeležja, prednosti i nedostaci
O REŠENJIMA KOJE DONOSI PREDLOG UNSHELL DIREKTIVE
No full textThe paper analyses the recent European Commission’s Proposal for a Council Directive laying down rules to prevent the misuse of shell entities for tax purposes and amending Directive 2011/16/EU, commonly referred to as the Unshell Directive Proposal. The author firstly identifies the features of the existing EU legislative framework contributing to the widespread utilization of shell entities for tax avoidance purposes and clarifies the policy context in which the Unshell Directive Proposal was drafted. She further provides a detailed analysis of the anti-avoidance mechanism introduced thereby and discusses a number of questions which the said mechanism raises. In addition, the author assesses its effects on Serbian corporate taxpayers. She concludes that the envisaged anti-avoidance mechanism deserves further refinement, not least in regards to its interaction with Member States’ general anti-avoidance measures, as well as with respect to the economic substance indicators on which it is based. Predmet rada je nedavno objavljeni Predlog direktive o utvrđivanju pravila za sprečavanje zloupotrebe shell entiteta u poreske svrhe i izmeni Direktive 2011/16/EU – tzv. Predlog unshell direktive. Autorka najpre identifikuje elemente postojećeg legislativnog okvira EU koji su doprineli rasprostranjenoj upotrebi shell entiteta sa ciljem izbegavanja poreza u okvirima jedinstvenog tržišta i objašnjava kontekst u kome je Predlog formulisan. Srž rada predstavlja detaljna analiza anti-abuzivnog mehanizma predviđenog Predlogom, kao i razmatranje osnovnih problema koji se u vezi sa njegovim funkcionisanjem mogu očekivati. Takođe, u radu se ispituju efekti Predloga na srpske obveznike poreza na dobit pravnih lica. Autorka zaključuje da Predlog zaslužuje određene izmene, odnosno preciziranja, pre svega u pogledu načina regulisanja interakcije sa postojećim opštim antiabuzivnim merama sadržanim u nacionalnim zakonodavstvima država-članica, kao i u pogledu odabira indikatora supstance na kojima se zasniva funkcionisanje antiabuzivnog mehanizma koji se njime uvodi.  
PRIVATNOST I ZAŠTITA PODATAKA O LIČNOSTI – KRIVIČNO-PRAVNI ASPEKT
No full textCurrently, across the globe and on different levels, serious debates are held on the possibilities of modern information communication technologies (ICT), including the internet, as well as their undesirable consequences. To an ordinary person, the “new” way of communicating via the internet and mobile phone is at the same time easy, simple, quick, and essential – it has become a fact of their daily lives. Moreover, the modern age purports the internet as one of the critical means of communication. If used “properly”, it represents an abundance of information on nearly every topic and entails many opportunities. With a vast and varied amount of collected data, it easily negotiates the acquirement of new learning and the shaping of lifestyle. However, the use of modern technologies which constantly transform, at times even completely changing and automatising nearly all areas of human activity, has its dark, destructive, and devastating side. Within that perspective, life in a network becomes increasingly more susceptible to manipulation and abuse. And the list of abuses is long... from having these technologies abused as a database, to an assault on someone’s privacy, stalking, cyber-mobbing, peer violence, sexual harassment and violence, human trafficking, organ trafficking, etc. Thus, a stance is formed – the emergence of new technologies has significantly endangered the right to privacy. In recent years, the right to privacy has been mostly associated with personal data, so, in that regard – when speaking about privacy, it is nearly always done in the context of personal data processing. The right to privacy and personal data protection falls within basic human rights, so, being that it is a fundamental right of man and citizen, the baseline of its protection in our legislation is comprised within, above all, the Constitution, The Law of data protection and The Criminal Code (Art. 146. Unauthorized collection of personal data). As the title suggests, the criminal law aspect of privacy and protection of personal data provided for in Art. 143 of the CC is the focus of this paper. In this context, the author, first of all, embarked on an analysis of the current state of threats to the right to privacy as a prerequisite for action in the direction of its protection. Abandoning the general consideration of this type, the examination is then focused on concretely explaining the meaning and essence of the criminal act – unauthorized collection of personal data, the forms in which it manifests itself, the criminal responsibility and punishment of the person who committed this act. With the statement that this is a dynamically changing reality, some of the key problems and challenges in the application of appropriate mechanisms for the protection of the right to privacy in the Republic of Serbia (with a special emphasis on the year behind us) were highlighted.Danas se u svetu na različitim nivoima vode ozbiljne rasprave o mogućnostima modernih informaciono-komunikacionih tehnologija (ICT) uključujući i internet, ali i o njihovim neželjenim posledicama. Za običnog čoveka „nov” način komunikacije preko interneta i mobilne telefonije je istovremeno lak, jednostavan, brz, nužan – postaje činjenica njegovog svakodnevnog života. Štaviše, savremeno doba podrazumeva internet kao jedno od glavnih sredstava komunikacije. Ukoliko se koristi „kako treba”, predstavlja izobilje informacija na gotovo svaku temu i donosi mnoge benefite. Uz ogromnu i raznovrsnu količinu prikupljenih podataka, s lakoćom posreduje u sticanju novih znanja i oblikovanju životnog stila. Ali, korišćenje modernih tehnologija koje se neprekidno transformišu, do mere da potpuno promene i automatizuju gotovo sve aspekte ljudske delatnosti, ima i svoju tamnu, rušilačku stranu. U toj perspektivi život u internet mreži postaje sve više prostor podložan manipulacijama i zloupotrebama. A spisak zloupotreba je dug... od toga da se ove tehnologije mogu zloupotrebiti kao baza podataka do napada na tuđu privatnost, proganjanja, sajber mobinga, vršnjačkog nasilja, seksualnog uznemiravanja i nasilja, trgovine ljudima i ljudskim organima i dr. Na taj način, precizira se stav: pojava novih tehnologija značajno ugrožava pravo na privatnost. Poslednjih godina se pravo na privatnost u najvećoj meri dovodi u vezu sa podacima o ličnosti, pa u tom pravcu, kada se govori o privatnosti, to se gotovo uvek čini u kontekstu obrade podataka o ličnosti. Pravo na privatnost i zaštita ličnih podataka spadaju u red osnovnih ljudskih prava, pa budući da se radi o temeljnom pravu čoveka i građanina, osnov njegove zaštite u našem zakonodavstvu sadržan je, pre svega, u Ustavu, Zakonu o zaštiti podataka (ZZLP) i Krivičnom zakoniku (čl. 146. Neovlašćeno prikupljanje ličnih podataka). Kao što iz naslova proizilazi, krivičnopravni aspekt privatnosti i zaštite podataka o ličnosti predviđen odredbom člana 143 KZ nalazi se u fokusu ovog rada. U tom kontekstu, autorka se, najpre upustila u analizu postojećeg stanja ugroženosti prava na privatnost kao pretpostavke za delovanje u pravcu njegove zaštite. Napuštajući opšte razmatranje te vrste, ispitivanje je zatim usmereno na konkretno objašnjavanje smisla i suštine krivičnog dela Neovlašćeno prikupljanje ličnih podataka, formi u kojima se ono ispoljava, krivične odgovornosti i kažnjivosti onoga ko je učinio ovo delo. Uz konstataciju da je ovde reč o realnosti koja se dinamično menja, posebno su istaknuti i neki od ključnih problema i izazova u primeni odgovarajućih mehanizama zaštite prava na privatnost u Republici Srbiji (sa posebnim akcentom u godini iza nas). Na ovaj način obeležen je i osnovni problem u pogledu zaštite ovog prava, jednog od onih prava koja se nalaze u temelju ljudskih sloboda
ODNOS FUNKCIJE PRAĆENJA USKLAĐENOSTI POSLOVANJA I PRAVNOG ODELJENJA OSIGURAVAJUĆEG DRUŠTVA U SVETLU ODREDABA DIREKTIVE SOLVENTNOST II
Get PDFThe compliance function, in accordance with the provisions of the Solvency II Directive, is one of the key functions in the insurance company. Bearing in mind that compliance function is relatively young function in these companies, organizing this function as a separate organizational unit can be challenging. For these reasons, it is important to determine whether this function can be organized as a part of the legal department of the insurance company. However, unlike the compliance function, the Directive does not mention the legal department of insurance undertaking. Certainly, the most adequate is to organize compliance function as an independent organizational unit. On the other hand, in order not to overburden small and medium-sized companies, the Directive introduces the principle of proportionality. By introducing this principle Directive gives the opportunity to companies to adjust the organization of key functions to the nature, scale and complexity of the risks that exist in the insurance undertaking.
In the paper, the author analyzes the relationship between the compliance function and the legal department, first by analyzing their competences, and then their characteristics. The goal is to determine whether there are obstacles to organizing these two functions within the same organizational unit.Funkcija praćenja usklađenosti poslovanja, u skladu sa odredbama Direktive Solventnost II, predstavlja jednu od ključnih funkcija u društvu. Međutim, budući da je reč o relativno novoj funkciji, organizovanje ove funkcije kao posebne organizacione jedinice može biti izazovno za pojedina osiguravajuća društva. Imajući to u vidu, javlja se dilema da li se ova funkcija može organizovati u okviru iste organizacione jedinice sa pravnim odeljenjem osiguravajućeg društva. Za razliku od funkcije praćenja usklađenosti, Direktiva ne pominje pravno odeljenje ni u jednom članu. Svakako da bi najadekvatnije rešenje bilo da funkcija praćenja usklađenosti poslovanja bude organizovana kao nezavisna i samostalna organizaciona jedinicu, ali kako se ne bi previše opteretila mala i srednja društva, Direktiva uvodi načelo proporcionalnosti. Primenjujući ovo načelo društvu se daje mogućnost da, između ostalog, organizovanje ključnih funkcija prilagodi prirodi, obimu i složenosti rizika koji u društvu postoje.
Autor u radu analizira odnos funkcije praćenja usklađenosti poslovanja i pravnog odeljenja osiguravajućeg društva, najpre iz ugla njihovih nadležnosti, a zatim i iz ugla njihovih karakteristika. Cilj je da utvrdi da li postoje prepreke za organizovanje ovih dveju funkcija u okviru iste organizacione jedinice
SPECIFIČNOSTI OSIGURANJA U OKVIRU FIDIC-OVE „CRVENE KNJIGE” – USLOVI UGOVORANJA ZA GRAĐEVINSKE I OSTALE TEHNIČKE RADOVE PO PROJEKTU NARUČIOCA (IZDANJE IZ 1999.
Get PDFThe subject of this paper is the analysis of the application of the FIDIC “Red Book” - Conditions of contract for building and engineering works designed by the employer (hereinafter: FIDIC Red Book (1999)) in the context of insurance contracting obligations. Special attention is given to the specifics of the conditions of the contract mentioned here, given their terminological and conceptual features, bearing in mind that they come from the common law system, which has a characteristic approach to the construction insurance. In this regard, the approach of the editor of the FIDIC Red Book (1999) in structuring the provisions dealing with insurance is analyzed, as well as the norms that define the rights and obligations of the contracting parties regarding the provision of insurance.Predmet rada je analiza primene FIDIC-ove „Crvene knjige” – Uslovi ugovaranja za građevinske i ostale tehničke radove po projektu naručioca, iz 1999. godine, u kontekstu obaveza ugovaranja osiguranja (dalje u tekstu: FIDIC Crvena knjiga (1999)). Poseban osvrt dat je na specifičnosti ovde pomenutih uslova ugovora, s obzirom na njihovu terminološku i konceptualnu osobenost, imajući u vidu da dolaze iz common law sistema koji ima karakterističan pristup osiguranju radova. U tom pogledu analiziran je pristup redaktora FIDIC-ove „Crvene knjige” (1999) prilikom strukturiranja odredaba o osiguranju, a analizirane su i odredbe koje definišu prava i obaveze ugovornih strana u pogledu obezbeđivanja osiguranja