Asian Journal of Advances in Medical Science
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COMPUTER AIDED DRUG DESIGN: TOOLS TO DEVELOP DRUG FOR COVID 19
Get PDFThe CADD includes the combined use of modern computational and experimental techniques which provide structural information about the biologically active molecules. These molecules are involved in disease process and in modulating disease process. The processes of CADD methods are dependent on Bioinformatics tools, applications and database.
The present Review article highlights how the modern computational and experimental techniques that have been developed in recent years can be used together to provide structural information about the biologically active molecules that are involved in disease process and in modulating disease process in Special focus to Drug designing for COVID 19 by virtual Screening.
Out Put of the article: The present article may be one tool for new drug development against corona Virus
POST COVID PNEUMONIA: MODERN THERAPEUTIC APPROACH BY PULMONARY DRUG DELIVERY DEVICE
Get PDFStreptococcus pneumonia (also known as pneumococcal) is a commensal that colonizes the upper respiratory tract and a pathogen that causes intrusive illnesses like otitis media, pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. In India, the Invasive Bacterial Infection Surveillance (IBIS) organization and South Asian Pneumococcal Alliance (SAPNA) have been associated with assortment of significant information in regards to serotype dissemination and antimicrobial obstruction of pneumococcal diseases for over 12 years. COVID 19 Patients are much more prone towards this infection, if untreated at appropriate time. So development of New Device are immense Important which contributes rapid and Proper Drug Delivery to lungs. Research must be carried out in the field of Novel Drug Delivery System for target delivery of Drugs like Antibiotic, Bronchodiator and Corticosteroid to Respiratory Tract. The present Review article focus Different grade of Pneumococcal Infection and Infection associated with Post COVID Condition. The article also highlights new devices which helpful for Pulmonary drug delivery which is vital during COVID Associated Pneumococcal Infection
PREVENTABLE RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ORAL POTENTIALLY MALIGNANT DISORDERS: A STUDY IN SAUDI ARABIA
Get PDFBackground: Oral potentially malignant disorders, (OPMDs) include a highly diverse forms of lesions and conditions with an increased risk for malignant transformation to oral cancer. The exact etiology of OPMDs is not fully understood yet, however, some preventable risk factors have been reported. The objective of this study is to recognize the correlation of preventable risk factors with OPMDs.
Patients and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at King Salman Hospital, Riyadh, KSA. A total of 1340 patients were screened with 6.49% (n=87) showing OPMDS. All Saudi and non-Saudi patients above fifteen years of age having suspicious lesions were included in the study after evaluation.
Results: The sample comprised 50 (58%) males and 37 (42%) females. Out of 87 patients, 75(86%) were Saudi and 11(14%) were non-Saudi. Buccal mucosa was the most common site for OPMDs (51.72%), followed by the tongue (31.03%). The results of our study reveal that the most prevalent age group was from 25 to 35 years followed by 36-45 years age group. Records of medical history showed that (3%) of patients had Type I Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes was observed in 16%, anemia in 10% and 2% had history of Hepatitis C. The highest number of OPMDs lesion was lichen planus (51%) followed by leukoplakia (19%). Smoking was found to be the most prevalent risk factor. Results showed that (11%) of OPMDs has soft tissue odontogenic trauma, (7%) of patients are on antihypertensive and antidiabetic medicines, (19%) were multifactorial and (30%) reported with unknown etiology.
Conclusion: On the basis of our findings, we suggest that all general practitioners and physicians should have enough knowledge about OPMDs. Healthy life style can prevent diabetes, anemia and hypertension. Early management of OPMDs can prevent major complications and progression into cancer
DECONTAMINATION METHODS FOR TUBERCULOSIS: A REVIEW
Get PDFTuberculosis is a communicable disease spread from one person to another; it is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It’s a very dangerous bacterial infection liable for severe increase in death cases. It’s a chronic granulomatous infectious disease. Infection happens via aerosol and inhalation of some droplets containing mycobacteria bacilli. The disease also affects animals like cattle; this is often referred to as bovine tuberculosis, which can sometimes be communicated to man. The pulmonary tuberculosis is the most important type of tuberculosis which affects man.
India is the highest Tuberculosis burden country within the world in terms of absolute number of incident cases that occur every year. It accounts for fourth part of the estimated global incident Tuberculosis cases in 2007
COVID-19 : EFFECT ON LUNG CANCER PROGRESS
Get PDFThe advent of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused confusion, changed people's living conditions, including commuting restrictions, fear of disease transmission, The corona virus is "Aladdin's meracle lamp" for lungs cancer, this is a huge curse for lung cancer patients. As the Root of entry of Virus is Respiratory tract,Complicaion arises in lungs.
The risk of chemotherapy-related infections increases for such patients. "Targeted therapy is generally safe while the potential interaction between immunotherapy and COVID-19 remains unknown at present”. The Present article focus on Different Immunological fact related to COVID-19 and Physiological degradation of Lungs by Corona Virus and Effect on Lung cancer
MALARIA VECTOR CONTROL HISTORY AND CHALLENGES IN ETHIOPIA: MINI REVIEW
Get PDFIn Ethiopia, malaria has been an ancient and historical vector-borne disease. Over 75% of the land surface is malarious, and around 60% of the population is malaria at risk with varying intensity. In 1966, concerted eradication efforts began with the motivation being to eradicate malaria from Ethiopia by 1980. And indoor residual spray (IRS) with Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane (DDT) and trained local staff on vector control methods was the main focus. However, malaria prevalence increased, and the major epidemic occurs every 5-8 years. It manifests a significant problem to the economic and social development of the country. The government directed a malaria control action plan under the objectives of Roll Back Malaria (RBM), which guided prevention and control activities. Between 2005 to 2018, Ethiopia distributed around 100 million long-lasting insecticide nets (LLINs), and 93.7% of the at-risk population were protected up to 2018 by the IRS. The malaria prevalence rate in 2011 was 1.3 whereas, in 2015, it decreased to 0.5. Ethiopia plans to achieve nationwide malaria elimination by 2030. Malaria is still public health threaten disease & accounts for 30% of the overall disability-adjusted life years lost in Ethiopia. And vector control interventions effectiveness has a serious obstacle due to resistance development to all available insecticide and the flexibility of Anopheles mosquito species behavior. Focuses on the history of malaria eradication and control and the controversial issues in malaria elimination. Requires thoughtful consideration of all risks, benefits, and challenges
COVID 19: RECENT VACCINE AND VACCINE UNDER TRAIL
Get PDFSince 2002, there has been a record ofCoronavirus disease outbreak caused by SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV, as well as the novel SARS-CoV-2, the causalagent of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 that broke outin Wuhan, China in December the same year and hassince become widespread across several countries andcontinents leading to thousands of deaths More than 180 vaccine candidates, based on several different platforms(Fig. vaccine platform used for SARS-CoV-2 vaccine developement), are currently in development against SARS-CoV-2(57) (Fig. overview of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development landscape). TheWorld Health Organization (WHO) maintains a working document(57)that includes most of the vaccines in development and is available at https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/draft-landscape-of-covid-19-candidate-vaccines. Clinical trials are evaluating COVID-19 vaccines in tens of thousands of study participants to Generate the scientific data and other information needed to determine safety and effectiveness These clinical trials are being conducted by manufacturers according to rigorous standards
POST COVID MANAGEMENT OF ASTHMA IN CHRONIC ASTHMA PATIENT
Get PDFAsthma is defined as a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. The chronic inflammation is associated with airway hyper responsiveness (an exaggerated airway narrowing response to triggers, such as allergens and exercise), that leads to recurrent symptoms such as wheezing, dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest tightness and coughing. Asthma is associated with T helper cell type-2 (Th2) immune responses, which are typical of other atopic conditions. Various allergic (e.g., dust mites, cockroach residue, furred animals, moulds, pollens) and non-allergic (e.g., infections, tobacco smoke, cold air, exercise) triggers produce a cascade of immune-mediated events leading to chronic airway inflammation. The Present Review Discuss and Focus about the various Risk factor associated with Covid 19 influenced Asthma Patient with their Possible Management
PREVALENCE OF HELMINTH PARASITE OF DOMESTIC CHICKEN (Gallus domesticus) IN DISTRICT KHAIRPUR, SINDH, PAKISTAN
Get PDFPoultry is an important sub sector of agriculture and has contributed enormously to food production by playing a vital role in the national economy by contributing towards food security of the country reducing pressure on demand for mutton and beef and earning of foreign exchange. Birds in a traditional and open environment carry a huge risk of parasitic infections. A survey was made to determine the prevalence of helminth parasite of Gallus domesticus in district Khairpur. A total of 46 domestic chicken (Gallus domesticus) were randomly collected from different villages of district Khairpur, were examined for the prevalence of helminth parasite. Seven species of helminth parasites identified, out of which four species of cestodes and three species of nematodes. Cestodes comprises Cotugonia dignopora 44 (91.6%) Raillietina tarquata 40 (86.9%), Raillietina tetragona 20 (43.4%) Choanotaenia infundibulum 6 (13%). Among nematodes 33 (71.7%) Ascaridia galli were observed. The results of present study revealed that sub-standard poultry farming is a major factor for parasitic infection in local chicken which ultimately cause heavy loss
CORELATION OF HIV WITH PROSTITUTION IN PUNJAB
Get PDFIntroduction: HIV belongs to the genus lentivirus within the family of retroviridae and subfamily orthoretrovirinae. In 2017, 1.8 million people were infected with AIDSand 940,000 died due to this serious disease. HIV found in semen, blood, vaginal and anal fluids, breast milk. It is mainly passes on through unprotected sex, sharing needles or syringes and pregnancy during birth and also passed from one person to other person through this route.
Methodology: The HIV patient’s blood sample collected in vial, serological test and HIV Elisa test performed on Elisa plate Reader.
Results: The results shows that 35 (70.00%) out of 50 patients were HIV Elisa positive while15 individuals were HIV Elisa negative. The maximum no of patients were observed in age 45 and 55, minimum no. of patients were found in both age 63 and 25.
Conclusion: These positive tests suggests that the spread of the HIV is due to the unsafe sex or oral sex. Sex may be randomly with HIV effected patients or they do sex without the use of condom. Other main reasons that are responsible for the transmission of HIV includes common use of syringes either by the doctors or by the drug addicted patients that usually share common syringes