Asian Journal of Advances in Medical Science
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PREVELANCE OF OVARIAN CANCER AND ITS CORELATION WITH AGE IN PAKISTAN
Get PDFIntroduction: group of diseases that is originated from the different parts of ovaries and cause production of abnormal cells that divide uncontrolled themselves in the ovaries is known as ovarian cancer. OC is mainly classified into majorly three types on the base of three components of ovaries known as epithelium, stroma and germinal cells. Approximately, 7000 women develop OC and 4200 of them die every year in UK. In Pakistan the incidence of OC is increasing at the rate of around 13.6%. Approximately 70% cases are diagnosed at later stages.
Methodology: The blood sample was collected by Layyah region. The CA125 identification through Elisa technique for their better identification on the basis of antibodies. Normal values of CA125 were considered less than 35 U/ml. the other tumor marker was also measured such as fibrinogen, prolactin, CA15.3, PT, APTT, INR, D Dimer, and CA19.9.
Results: The mean age of patients was 59.0 ± 8.1while the minimum and maximum age at which the tumor marker detection was 22 and 74 years. The no of patient was found in order of 25 >24 > 10 in 1st, 2nd and 3rd age groups, respectively. The clinical histopathological test in the ovarian cancer patients show that the tumor size 5.21 ± 3.42, fibrinogen 5.09 ± 1.29, CA-199 (U/mL) 121.17 ± 59.76, and D-dimer 0.61 ± 0.31. The CA-125 level increase in ovarian cancer patients it indication as a tumor marker
FORECAST OF CORONA VIRUS DISEASE (COVID–19) IN ETHIOPIA BASED ON CONFIRMED CASES UP TO 14TH OCTOBER 2020
Get PDFAn Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average model is a set of statistical models for forecasting time series data. Briefly, Auto regression uses the dependent relationship between an observation and lagged observations; integrated uses of differencing of raw observations; and Moving Average uses the dependency between an observation and a residual error.
The ARIMA (2, 2, 2) forecasted the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19, based on the time between March 2020 and October 2020 at 95% confidence interval. The result of daily report peaked in April 2020 in the country and slightly decreased after April 2020, evidenced by the challenged responses that invested in controlling the pandemic in the country. The maximum, predicted new case per day was 672 and the minimum predicted was 386 cases per day till half of December 2020. Furthermore, the total number of predicted confirmed cases of COVID-19 might reach around 119, 015 until half December 2020.
In general, if the government of Ethiopia ceased controlling mechanisms of COVID-19, then the pandemic may relapse again and affects the country more. Hence, this study suggested that proactive stepladder implements control mechanisms. Thus, all the concerned organizations can develop policies based on the result of the study
BIOFORTIFICATION-A SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL STRATEGY FOR REDUCING MICRONUTRIENT MALNUTRITION
Get PDFMalnutrition is of great public health significance in several parts of the world, especially the developing and underdeveloped countries. Micronutrient deficiencies in humans can be mitigated through the process biofortification. It is the strategy of increasing the nutrient content in the edible parts of staple food crops for better human nutrition. Staple crops such as maize, rice, and wheat provide most of the calories for low-income families around the globe. Biofortification includes the enhanced uptake of such minerals from soils, their transport to edible plant parts, and improving the bioavailability of these minerals to humans. In paper, crop biofortification and malnutrition of essential nutrient have been discussed
USE OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS TO MONITOR NOVEL CORONA VIRUS (COVID-19) INFECTIONS IN INDIA
Get PDFObjectives: In December 2019, in Wuhan, China, a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a highly infectious disease, was first described. The disease has spread to 210 countries and territories across the world and more than two million people have been infected (confirmed). In India, the disease was first detected on 30 January 2020 in Kerala in a student who returned from Wuhan. The disease has been continuously spreading all the state of India. The main objective of this study was to identify and classify affected districts into real clusters on the basis of observations of similarities within a cluster and dissimilarities among different clusters so that government policies, decisions, medical facilities (ventilators, testing kits, masks, treatment etc.), etc. could be improved for reducing the number of infected and deceased persons and hence cured cased could be increased.
Materials and Methods: We concentrated on the COVID-19 affected states and UTs of India in the report. To fulfill the task, we applied cluster analysis, one of the data mining techniques. The study of variations among various clusters for each of the variables was performed using box plots. We used PAST software for getting for getting a scatter plot for each of the variables.
Results: Results obtained from the clustering analysis and box plot methods for each of the variables. For confirmed cases, cluster I corresponded to the states AP, AR, AS, BR, CG, GA, GJ, HR, HP, JH, KA, KL, MP, MH, MN, ML, MZ, NL, OR, PB, RJ, SK, TN, TG, TR, UP, UK, WB, AN, CH, DNDD, DL, JK, LA, LD, PY. For cured cases, cluster II and for death cases, cluster III corresponded to all the states and UTs of India.
Conclusions: The study showed that the state MH, AP, AR, DL and KL under cluster I have a high number of confirmed cases. The box plots and histogram shows variations among different clusters of the three cases. The trend in box plots and histograms showed a good percentage of cured cases in some of the states and UTs. It was observed that the states (MH, UP, KR, TN, DL and WB) under clusters III had severe conditions which need optimization of monitoring techniques which could help the government in making improvement government policies, actions, etc. to reduce the number of infected persons.
 
INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROBIOTIC MICROBIOTA ON CANCER
Get PDFCancer is the one of the deadly menace diseases with high medical significance which remains one of the keys that causes ailments and death, the security and firmness of the typical chemotherapeutics drugs and artificial agents used to accomplish cancer are doubtful now a days. These mediators affect the quality of life or sometimes they causative for progress of drug resistance and are not judicious to the majority of the patients So the clinical management of the cancer with high efficiency can done with the probiotic microbiota. An imbalance in the gut microbiota promotes the progress of carcinogenesis through several mechanisms, including inflammation, initiation of carcinogens, and tumorigenic pathways as well. In vivo and molecular studies have exhibited the support to role of probiotics in cancer. Probiotic agents are live microbes or components of microbes that have a positive effect on the host. They exert their action through interaction with the immune system of the host. Some of this effect is localized and some is in improvement in total body system. The Probiotic bacteria are the live microorganisms that, when directed in acceptable amounts, deliberate a healthy benefit on the host, and they have been considered for their protective anti-tumour effects. This review emphases on the role of probiotic microbiota as substitute for the prevention and treatment of cancer in the relation between gut microbiota and the progress of cancer
POST NATAL DEPRESSION A CONCEALED MENACE AMONG SOUTH INDIAN WOMEN – A SYSTEMATIC OBSERVATIONAL ANALYSIS
Get PDFPost-natal depression (PND) is a psychological interruption caused after childbirth. It is considered as a threat to women and the newborn that can even haul to fatality. The prevalence and its impact were surveyed in a rustic setup at Kodiyalam village (Tiruchirappalli district). It is aspired to assay the incidence of postnatal depression in a rustic system and detect the causes along with its deleterious outcomes. A survey method was adopted for the study by using purposive sampling technique. Data were collected by semi- structured interview schedule with 80 females as respondents. The survey reported that 16% of the women were affected by the symptoms of social withdrawal and lack of family intimacy. The poor socio economic status is the main reason for the onset of this discomfort and there is a need for intensive counseling and medications to attest this condition. Though there are numerous antidepressants to combat against this psychological condition the severity of its adverse effects are more than its symptoms. PND is an essential clinical condition that requires advanced research and therapeutic competence to strengthen the health of mother and child. This work suggests the implementation alternative strategy of smart herbal nanocomposites which can fortify the delivery of ayurvedic formulations encased with polymers under nanoscale. This can target therapeutics with a unique distribution that reduces its deleterious adverse effects
DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND STRESS AMONG THE PATIENT OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE AT NADIAD CITY, A CROSS SECTIONAL SURVEY
Get PDFIntroduction: Chronic kidney disease is considered a public health problem worldwide. It is defined by kidney tissue injury [with or without a decrease in glomerular filtration rate and /or a decrease in kidney function over a period of three or more months. When the glomerular filtration rate [GFR] is below 15ml./min./1.73m2, the patient is in the terminal stage of dialysis, requiring renal replacement therapy [RRT], dialysis, or transplant as alternative treatments. Renal failure is the inability of the kidney to excrete wastes, concentrate urine, and conserve electrolytes. Renal failure is precipitated by a variety of etiological factors. It is treatable but not curable, which means that the patient needs long-term therapy or transplantation.
The overall prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in this study was found to be 22.9%, 19.2%, and 28.2%, respectively. Forty nine (13.84%) respondents had mild depression twenty eight (7.91%) has moderate depression.
Depression and anxiety are frequent comorbid disorders among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, with an estimated prevalence of approximately 25% in this population, [1] and are associated with worse outcomes, such as progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality [2,3,4,5]. The transition from predialysis management to renal replacement therapy (RRT) is a stressful event in the course of CKD, leading to challenges and decisions that might increase their susceptibility to anxiety, mood disorders or even exacerbate psychological issues that already exist [6].
Aims: The researcher aim to assess the level of depression, anxiety and stress among chronic kidney disease patient in selected hospital of Nadiad City, Gujarat. The research wants to explore the actual psychological status of the patients who were suffering from chronic illness like CKD, because due to long-term suffering from the illness disturbed everyone mind and cause various psychological changes in the body. Hence research wants to assess what kind of changes take place due to chronic kidney diseases.
Objectives:- 1) To assess the level of depression among CKD patients at a selected hospital, Nadiad.
2) To assess the level of anxiety among CKD patients at selected hospital, Nadiad.
3) To assess the level of stress among the CKD patients at selected hospital, Nadiad.
Methodology:
Design and Setting: Descriptive cross sectional survey research design was adopted for the study and a non-probability purposive sampling method was used to drawn samples from the participants. For the data collection researcher has used modified The DASS-42 is a 42 item self-report scale designed to measure the negative emotional states of depression, anxiety and stress, it is a standardized tool.
Prior to data collection written setting permission obtain from the head of the hospital as well as prior informed consent form was obtain from the study participants, the objectives and methods of the study were appropriately explain to the samples. For data collection researcher has select MPUH kidney hospital situated Nadiad City. The total sample size was 30 chronic kidney disease patients.
The research data collection tool consists of the following Section I Demographic variables of the CKD patients section II DASS 42 questionnaire self-rating scale.
Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics were applied where, data were analyzed by using SPSS software, and Frequency, percentage, tables, etc. were used to represent the statistical data in the tables and graphs and figures.
Results: The majority of participants (30%) were 41-50 years, sample (36.67%) belong, age group of above 50 years, majority 56.67% were Male, (43.33%) were graduate, (67%) Having 5000-10000 Monthly Income, (60%) were living in Joint family, (56.67%) were belong to 0-3 years, (23.33%) were belong above 9 years if illness. Duration of hospitalization (80%) 0-15 days.
The prevalence rate of depression, anxiety, and stress among Chronic Kidney Disease the most of patients have 50% had moderate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, 30% had mild and only 20% have severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress which was measured by DASS self-rating scale.
Conclusions: the currents study ended to assess the prevalence rate of depression, anxiety, and stress among Chronic Kidney Disease patients, the study result concluded that the majority (50%) of Patients having a moderate level of depression, anxiety, and stress. The people in the age group 41-50 or above 50 are having a higher rate of depression, anxiety, and stress during chronic kidney disease
NOVEL CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (SARS-COV-2): AN OVERVIEW
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has brought about school terminations and removing necessities that have upset both work and day to day life for some. Concerns exist that these disturbances brought about by the pandemic might not have impacted people scientists similarly. The virus originated in bats and was transmitted to humans through yet unknown intermediary animals in Wuhan, Hubei province, China in December 2019. The symptoms are usually fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, malaise among others. Treatment is essentially supportive; role of antiviral agents is yet to be established. Prevention entails home isolation of suspected cases and those with mild illnesses and strict infection control measures at hospitals that include contact and droplet precautions. The virus spreads faster than its two ancestors the SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), but has lower fatality. The global impact of this new epidemic is yet uncertain
EDUCATIONAL COMMUNICATION IN MEDICAL SCIENCES STUDENTS
Get PDFIntroduction: Taking into account the importance of communication in the school environment for the acquisition of knowledge by the subject, an investigation was developed based on the search for aspects related to educational communication in students of the Faculty of Medical Sciences 10 de Octubre that serve as material for teachers and students in their work with patients, relatives, and their interpersonal relationships, identifying the conditioning factors in an adequate communicative/educational relationship.
Procedure: The study was carried out with a qualitative approach, theoretical methods such as documentary analysis, systematization, and historical-logical analysis are used, which will lead to the Objective: to propose educational communication in health in medical science students.
Results: The fundamentals of the Communication and Pedagogical Sciences, made it possible to understand that it is necessary to envision learning as a process of interaction and dialogue that allows the construction of knowledge by the subject from his active and reflective intervention.
Global Considerations: The relationship between communication and education, is a system of influences that aims to achieve the socialization of the individual from the interests and values of a society, in a given context
PEDIATRIC PHARMACOKINETIC: INFLUENCE AND IMPORTANCE
Get PDFPharmacokinetic is the movement pattern of drug throughout the body. The study of Pharmacokinetic parameter is immense important during therapy which focus the accurate concentration of drug in plasma and its clearance. The study also suggests the appropriate doses and route of administration for rapid and successful action of Drug. In case of lower age group like pediatric community, the detail study of pharmacokinetic many times enables the safe use of drug as in case of Pediatric group many system like enzyme and excretion criteria are remaining in Underdeveloped condition. Population based models can also limit the sampling required from each individual by increasing the overall sample size to generate robust pharmacokinetic data. This review details key considerations in the design and development of pediatric Pharmacokinetic Parameter