Asian Journal of Advances in Medical Science
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, INVESTIGATIONS, AND MANAGEMENT OF VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT
Get PDFBackground: Ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are still one of the most prevalent surgical indications in newborns and children with congenital heart disease. With advances in echocardiography, cardiac catheterization is no longer necessary in the treatment of these individuals. Although perioperative mortality and morbidity for isolated defects are still low, unique scenarios such as surgical care of numerous VSDs and decision-making in patients with pulmonary hypertension remain difficult. This chapter examines both classic and recent evidence that has shaped the management of this condition, as well as the facts underlying developing interventional methods utilized in both the catheterization lab and the operating room.
Conclusion: VSD is the most common congenital abnormality at birth. Small flaws should close on their own within the first year of life; however, larger faults can cause serious difficulties. The major interventions for big problems are surgical VSD closure and device closure
Tinospora cordifolia (GILOY): A MAGICAL SHRUB
Get PDFMedicinal plants have been used as natural medicines, since prehistoric times because of the presence of natural chemical constituents. Among them Tinospora cordifolia has a wide array of bioactive principles as well as it has been proven medicinally important plant, have not received considerable scientific attention. The plant is commonly used as traditional ayurvedic medicine and has several therapeutic properties such as jaundice, rheumatism, urinary disorder, skin diseases, diabetes, anemia, inflammation, allergic condition, anti-periodic, radio protective properties, etc. A special focus has been made on its health benefits in treating endocrine and metabolic disorders and its potential as an immune booster. The stem of this plant is generally used to cure diabetes by regulating level of blood glucose. T. cordifolia is well known for its immunomodulatory response. This property has been well documented by scientists. A large variety of compounds which are responsible for immunomodulatory and cytotoxic effects are 11-hydroxymuskatone, N-methyle-2-pyrrolidone, Nformylannonain, cordifolioside A, magnoflorine, tinocordioside and syringin. Root extract of this plant has been shown a decrease in the regular resistance against HIV. The active principles from T. cordifolia enhance host immune system by increasing immunoglobulin and blood leukocyte levels and by the stimulation of stem cell proliferation. Tinospora cordifolia has been used in indigenous systems of medicine, as indicated in various classical texts of Ayurvedic System of Medicine, viz. Charak, Sushrut and Ashtang Hridaya and other ancient treaties
DIAGNOSIS FOR THE PREVENTION OF ALCOHOLISM IN STUDENTS OF NURSING TECHNICAL TRAINING
Get PDFIntroduction: Alcoholism in the school environment is a negative factor in physical, mental and social development, an investigation was developed based on the search for conditioning aspects of alcohol consumption in students of the School of Medical Sciences, municipality “10 de Octubre” Havana, Cuba in order to support teachers in the daily work which their students.
Methodology: To made the characterization of the Nursing students in technical training at The School of Medical Sciences “10 de Octubre”, a documentary analysis and a survey were carried out as empirical methods, which allowed us to solve the Objective: to specify the aspects conditioning factors over alcohol consumption in students of the Nursing technical training of the School of Medical Sciences "10 de Octubre".
Results: The student survey made it possible, achieve the characterization of the psychosocial, economic, and educational situation, as well as the consumption, knowledge and self-care related to alcohol consumption.
Conclusions: The results allowed to specify the conditioning factors to alcohol consumption and to work from the health promotion to strengthen their self-care when facing alcohol consumption
THE MEDICINAL EFFECT OF BELLADONNA (Atropa belladonna) EXTRACT FOR ABORTION IN THE INDIAN RAT (Rattus rattus)
Get PDFBelladonna is important herbal medicine popular in India. About 100 pregnant female Indian rats were experimented by administrating the extract of Belladonna to study the effect for abortion. Rats showed the different behavior when the different doses were administered in their body by injection. The first cage was used as control while the 2nd 3rd 4th 5th cages was used as experimental animals inhabited 10 pregnant female in each cage. The control cage were not supplied any dose while cage 2nd were supplied 20ppm of Belladonna extract resulted abnormal behavior in all the test animals but the not any abortion or death have been reported. The 3rd cage was supplied 40ppm of belladonna extract showing abnormal behavior in 80% cases while abortion in 20% cases but no case of death of test animals have been reported. In the 4th cage 60ppm belladonna extract were supplied showed abnormality in 60% animals, abortion in 40% animals was found and no death is reported. In the 5th cage 80ppm belladonna abstract was supplied resulted abnormal behavior in 40% animals, abortion in 60% cases and death in 10% test animals. Cage 6th showed not the abnormal behavior in any test animal but abortion in 100% cases followed by death in 80% animals with abortion. The correlation test have been conducted between the concentration of extract and rate of abortion have been estimated as +0.758256 showing a high degree of positive correlation as the concentration of extract is increasing the abortion rate also increases. The correlation test also conducted between extract concentration and death rate showed very low positive correlation i.e. +0.123476. The F- Test (Anova) have been conducted to check the significance of data, the F- value have been calculated as 3.92 at 5 degree of freedom and 10% probability less than the tabulated value 4.74 therefore data is significant
DEVELOPMENT OF VACCINE AGAINST CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19) IN INDIA
Get PDFThe pandemic declaration of Covid-19 infection by World Health Organization (WHO) and ensuing boundless morbidities and mortalities in practically all nations of the world prompted the innovative work to discover an immunization against SARS-CoV2 infection. Typically any new vaccine takes 10–15 y time. In pandemic circumstance, the whole cycle of vaccine development including clinical preliminaries gets shortened and optimized to 10–14 month time. i.e. the quest for vaccine against Covid-19 is going on at a high speed coming with the good news of two vaccines Covishield and Covaxin. This review aims at highlighting the present stages of development of vaccinesin Indian scenario.
 
THE SUBJECTIVE HEALTH INDEX AS A CRITERION FOR ASSESSING THE LEVEL OF THE PRENOSOLOGICAL STATE OF THE BODY
Get PDFEarly diagnosis of prenosological conditions and focus on strengthening primary prevention, health improvement and health protection of practically healthy people is an urgent task of preventive medicine. One of the most significant indicators of each person's attitude to health is his self-assessment of his physical and mental state. Subjective assessment of health can be considered as one of its indicators. In this work, based on the results of subjective self-assessment of the health level of groups of young people, using the approach of deterministic factor analysis and an additive model of the relationship of factors with the result to be detected, an informative integral marker is proposed - the subjective health index (SНI), methods for its determination, as well as criteria and scales for assessing the prenosological level of somatic health. The reliability of the obtained results is confirmed by their comparison with the results of objective studies. The aim of this work is to develop a non-invasive express method for assessing the prenosological level of individual health and, on their basis, to create a technology for remote prenosological diagnostics and monitoring of the health of a healthy population
SCREENING OF LIPID PROFILE IN NON- OBESE HYPERTENSIVE SUBJECTS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN BIHAR
Get PDFBackground: Obesity is a significant risk factor for metabolic syndrome in adults. Central fat distribution greatly alters the lipid profile and induces atherogenic dyslipidemia even in normoglycaemic, non-hypertensive subjects.
Aim and Objectives: Hence, the aim of the present study to assess lipid profile changes in non-obese hypertensive subjects. Obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia are the three highly significant risk factor for the deranged lipid profile. Obesity can be defined as excess accumulation of body fat arising from a sustained or a periodic positive energy balance that when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure [1]. Indicators of overweight are useful in the diagnosis and management of obesity in both children and adults.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on newly diagnosed cases of essential hypertension attending medical outdoor of M.G.M. Medical College, Kisanganj. A complete clinical examination including laboratory investigation was done to exclude any systemic or other diseases which are likely to affect blood lipid levels directly or indirectly.
Results: The association between dyslipidaemia, obesity and hypertension is well established and all have been found to be major risk factor for the development of CAD, a leading cause of visits to physician and cause of death .
Conclusion: Our study was carry out to know the effect of obesity on lipid profile profile only in hypertensive and not in general population, and the study found some definite but paradoxical effects. These are that in obesity on a background of hypertension, the total and LDL cholesterol as also the HDL cholesterol are decreased, but on use other hand, the value of VLDL cholesterol and triglycerides are grossly and significantly increased. These finding have two major Clinical implications in that obese hypertensives will be more prone to metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and steps should be taken to prevent them accordingly and also apart from statins one should treat the obese hypertensives with fibrates, fat restriction and physical exercise also
ANTICANCER POTENTIAL OF Elephantopus scaber L. LEAVES AGAINST MCF -7 CELL LINES
Get PDFThis study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Elephantopus scaber leaves against breast cancer cell lines. Leaves of the plant were collected, washed, shade dried and powdered. The ethanol extract of the leaf powder was used for the study. The anticancer activity of the ethanol extract of the leaves was evaluated using MTT assay against MCF-7 cells and was confirmed by ETBR-AO staining. The study confirms that the leaf extract of E.scaber has pronounced anticancer potential against MCF-7 cell lines. The plant investigated possesses remarkable anticancer activity, where the effect was dose dependent and the IC50 value was found to be 79.56 μg /ml. Since the preliminary data is promising, isolation of the compound may contribute to the development at a novel and natural phytomedicine for the disease. Additional studies are needed to determine its mode of action
PROGRESSIVE CHANGES IN GAIT, KINEMATIC, HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL ACTIVITIES IN RESPONSE TO OLEIC ACID AND HEAVY METAL EXPOSURE
Get PDFOleic acid has a natural occurrence in most plants and is isolated for use in various industrial and medicinal purposes. The progressive changes in gait, kinematic, vertical and horizontal activities were studied in heavy metal exposure. Male wistar rats were randomly sampled in four groups of control as group i and oleic acid 1, 1.5 and 2ml co-treated with AlCl3 at 50mg/kg as groups’ ii, iii and iv, respectively. Oleic acid, especially at 1.5 and 2ml co-treatment with AlCl3, significantly (P<0.05) enhanced gait, kinematic, vertical and horizontal activities compared to control. same co-treatment doses caused no significant change in calcium compared to control, but plasma level of muscle function markers changed significantly which may reveal a possible link between the dose of oleic acid treatment in heavy metal exposure and skeletal muscle activity. Oleic acid, at the studied dose may prevent or ameliorate the adverse neurologic changes caused by aluminum chloride
KNOWLEDGE, PERCEPTION, AND HEALTH SEEKING BEHAVIOUR ON CONTRACEPTIVE USE AMONG ADOLESCENT FEMALE HAWKERS IN IKENNE LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA
Get PDFThis research established the knowledge, perception, associated with health seeking behaviour and the use of contraceptives among female hawkers in Ikeene Local Government Area of Ogun State.
A cross-sectional survey research design was employed in the study. Four hundred and twenty-two (422) female hawkers were sampled. A self-designed questionnaire was the main instrument used for data collection, which was pilot tested through test-re-test and yielded a rehabilitation”Knowledge was measured on 19-point rating scale, perception was measured on 42-point rating scale, environmental variables was measured on 18-point rating scale, enabling variables was measured on 12-point rating scale, health seeking behaviour was measured on a 11 point rating scale and contraceptive use was measured on 7-point rating scale. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (correlation and regression) to give statistical response to the research questions and hypotheses at the 0.5 significant levels.
The result showed that the mean age of the respondents was 15.14±2.42 years. More than half (61.9%) of the respondents were Christians and less than half (43%) were Yoruba. More than half (60.95%) of the respondents had no formal education. Less than half (45.2%) of the respondents had a good level of knowledge on contraceptive use. Most (65.5%) of the respondents had moderate perception. More than half (56%) of the respondents had high environmental factors that reinforce contraceptive use. Few (16.2%) of the respondents reported that their friends encourage them to use contraceptive. The majority (89.3%) of the respondents had low enabling factors that discourage the use of contraceptives. More than half (62.1%) of the respondents had moderate health-seeking behaviour. More than half (61.2%) of the respondents obtained the information on contraceptive from health worker. Majority (95.7%) of the respondents had low contraceptive use. There is a significant relationship between respondents knowledge and contraceptive use (r= 0.144; p=0.0003). Also, there is a significant relationship between respondents perception and health-seeking behaviour towards contraceptive use (r= 0.12; p=0.01).
In conclusion, adolescent female hawkers had moderate level of knowledge, perception, and moderate health seeking behaviour and low contraceptive use. This study recommends that Local government area officials should establish community based youth friendly clinics to promote easy access to contraceptives