Asian Journal of Advances in Medical Science
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EFFECTIVENESS OF SELF INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING FACTORS AFFECTING NORMAL FETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT AMONG ELIGIBLE COUPLES
Get PDFBackground: Prenatal development includes the development of the embryo and of the fetus during a viviparous animal's gestation. It starts with fertilization, in the germinal stage of embryonic development and continuous in fetal development until birth. The factors which affecting normal fetal growth and development can be due to maternal, placental or fetal. Maternal factors include maternal size, weight, height, nutritional state, anemia, smoking, substance abuse, noise exposer etc. Placental factors include size, microstructure, umbilical blood flow, transporters and binding proteins, nutrient utilization and nutrient production and Fetal factors include the fetus genome, nutrient production, and hormone output. Inappropriate growth and development lead to low birth weight, fetal death.
Objectives: The aim of the study to assess the effectiveness of SIM regarding factors affecting normal fetal growth and development among eligible couples in selected rural community of Bangalore.
Design: A pre experimental one group pre-test posttest design was used for the study.
Subjects: The sample consists of 60 eligible couples in selected rural community of Bangalore.
Methods: A nonprobability purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample for the study.
Results: In the pre-test the sample had inadequate knowledge with the mean of 43.3% and standard deviation of 14.8 % where as in the post test there was significant gain in mean knowledge score of about 87.3% with the standard deviation of 10.1%.
Conclusion:. In the pretest majority of the respondents had inadequate knowledge Whereas in the posttest majority of the respondents had adequate knowledge. Thus the study indicates that he SIM was effective in enhancing the knowledge regarding factors affecting normal fetal growth and development
PROBIOTIC Rhodotorula mucilaginosa ISOLATED FROM FERMENTED FOOD: INVESTIGATION OF PUFA PRODUCTION AND STRATEGY FOR HEALTH IMPROVEMENT
Get PDFPolyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are a vital component for human health. PUFA cannot be synthesized by human system and hence dependance on other sources has become inevitable.
Though porcine liver and fish oil were the dependable sources for ages past, yet cheaper microbial source was sought after and have gained importance as well. Such microbial oils normally used as biofuels can also be used for several therapeutic purposes. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the quality and quantity of lipids produced by a probiotic yeast, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The lipid production potential of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa has indeed attracted a lot of attention. Isolation and characterization of the probiotic yeast with enhanced lipid production and determining the lipid components have become the aim of the work
STRESS, EMOTIONS, AND COPING: THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF PRIMARY CAREGIVERS WHO RAISE ADOLESCENTS WITH BIPOLAR DISORDER
Get PDFThe purpose of this phenomenological study was to examine the relationship between primary caregivers and their adolescents who have bipolar disorder and the caregivers’ coping and adapting skills in handling their adolescents’ behaviors. The caregivers’ perceptions of their coping and adapting skills were interpreted and analyzed through transcribing, coding, and mapping processes by using Creswell’s six-coding step strategy [1]. The data were analyzed using Blumer’s [2] symbolic interaction, and constructs from R. Lazarus’s [3] stress and emotion theory, Selye’s [4] stress theory, and R. Lazarus and Folkman’s [5] transactional model of stress and coping provided the foundation of this phenomenological study to explore the stress and emotions of the primary caregivers of adolescents with bipolar disorder. Sixteen caregivers from North Carolina were selected by purposive sampling (snowball sampling) to share their stories during semi-structured interviews. The results of this qualitative analysis were examined using a phenomenological approach that took advantage of narrative inquiry and symbolic interaction that looked for emergent themes. Primary thematic results indicated that the primary caregivers of adolescents with bipolar disorder encountered stress, physical alignments, and emotional problems that often led to damaged marriages; strained or broken family relations; employment problems; and negative associations with neighbors, law enforcement, social services, and the school system. An unexpected finding was that the men in the study who were caring for adolescents with bipolar disorder were more likely than women in similar circumstances to prefer physical methods such as jogging and walking as ways to reduce their stress. No other studies found this specific finding. Results will be used to enhancethe current literature by providingempirical insights that support the need for further research into bipolar disorder among adolescents
MUCORMYCOSIS WITH FUNGAL BALL OF MAXILLARY SINUS – A RARE STUDY
Get PDFBackground and Aim: Mucormycosis is an infection caused by a group of filamentous molds within the order Mucorales. In developing countries, most cases occur in persons with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus or following trauma. Mortality associated with invasive mucormycosis is high (> 30–50%). Noninvasive fungal ball, a matted collection of fungal hyphae, previously known as 'Aspergillomas', has been rarely reported with Mucoraceaespecies.
Case presentation: A 52-year-old man, known case of diabetes mellitus presented with a discharging sinus in left maxillary region and a blackish ulcer in Left molar region. Computed tomography scan revealed extensive cortical erosion of left hemi-maxilla. Mucormycosis infection with a maxillary sinus fungal ball was confirmed on histopathological examination. The patient was treated with intravenous AmphotericinB.
Discussion: The incidence of fungal rhinosinusitis (FRS), once thought to be a rare condition, has dramatically increased recently. Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis is relatively rare that is frequently observed in immunocompromised people specifically uncontrolled diabetics or people on immunosuppressive medications, typically associated with Aspergillus and Mucoraceae species. On the other hand, a fungal ball of the paranasal sinus is noninvasive and typically found in immunocompetent, non-atopic hosts. Aspergillus species are the most commonly isolated fungi, however, fungal ball formation is rarely seen with mucormycosis.
Conclusion: An anomalous presentation of a Fungal Ball associated with mucormycosis is the primary focus of this report
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, INVESTIGATIONS, AND MANAGEMENT IN CASES OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Get PDFBackground: Reduced or full suspension of blood flow to a region of the myocardium causes myocardial infarction (MI), sometimes known as "heart attack." Myocardial infarction can be "silent," causing hemodynamic deterioration and abrupt death, or it can be a catastrophic event that causes hemodynamic deterioration and death. The most common cause of myocardial infarction is coronary artery disease, which is the leading cause of death in the United States. The myocardium is deprived of oxygen when a coronary artery is blocked. Myocardial cell loss and necrosis can occur when the myocardium is deprived of oxygen for an extended period. Patients may complain of chest pain or pressure that spreads to the neck, jaw, shoulder, or arm. Myocardial ischemia may be accompanied by ECG alterations and elevated biochemical markers such as cardiac troponins, in addition to the history and physical exam. This exercise covers the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of myocardial infarction, as well as the role of the interprofessional team in enhancing patient care.
Conclusion: This review article aims to review the basic pathophysiology of myocardial infarction, explain the management protocol when a patient is diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction, including all necessary laboratory and another diagnostic testing, summarise long-term management and rehabilitation for a patient post-MI, and explain interprofessional team strategies for improving care coordination and communication to advance the prevention and management of myocardial infarction
GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING EXTRACT OF Anisomeles malabarica (L.) AND EVALUATION OF ITS ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES
Get PDFThe phytochemical analysis carried out on the aqueous leaves extract of Anisomeles malabarica showed the presence of a maximum number of phytochemicals. The green synthesis of SNPs was done successfully using aqueous leaves extract of A.malabarica. Primary confirmation of color change from pale yellow to brown color was observed at 420nm recorded by UV- Visible spectroscopy and detailed characterization was carried out using UV-Visible spectroscopy, XRD, SEM. Present investigation also suggests that the green synthesized SNPs are exerting in vitro toxic effects on human microbial pathogens. Antibacterial studies of SNPs were highly attractive with different inhibition zone capacity when compared with aqueous leaves extract. Similarly Antifungal studies of SNPs also showed significant antifungal activity against the fungus when compared with aqueous leaves extract. The zone of inhibition formed is maximum in Aspergillus niger and showed best antifungal activity when compared with Candida albicans
EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAM ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING PREDIABETES AND ITS PREVENTION
Get PDFBackground: Prediabetes is a state in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal, but lower than those required for a diagnosis of diabetes. Adults with prediabetes are at a high risk of developing type 2diabetes and its associated complications. The prevalence of prediabetes and type 2diabetes is increasing worldwide and exhibits a challenge on the health care system. It is estimated that worldwide 6.7% of the adult population have prediabetes, half of them aged less than 50years old, about one third are aged between 20-39years old. The aim of present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding prediabetes and its prevention among degree student.
Methods: A quantitative pre experimental method was use for this study. The sample consists of 60degree students of selected colleges, Bangalore. They were chosen by a purposive sampling technique. One group pre test- post test design was used to collect the data from subjects.
Results: In the pretest, majority of the subjects had inadequate knowledge with a mean knowledge score of 36.8% whereas in post test there was a significant gain in mean knowledge score of 67.6%.A significant association was found between socio demographic variables. χ 2 value was 78.367 at 0.05 level of significance.
Conclusion: The finding of the study shows that in the pretest, majority of the degree students had inadequate knowledge regarding prediabetes and its prevention, where as in posttest majority of students had gained adequate knowledge after administration of structured teaching program. Thus, the study findings indicate that structured teaching program was effective in enhancing the knowledge regarding prediabetes and its prevention among degree students in selected colleges, Bangalore
TO DETERMINE THE EFFICACY OF 0.12%CHLORHEXIDINE MOUTHRINSES IN REDUCING VIABLE BACTERIAL COUNT IN DENTAL AEROSOLS WHEN USED AS A PREPROCEDURAL RINSE DURING THE PANDEMIC ERA -A PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL PILOT STUDY
Get PDFBackground: In dentistry , aerosols being the major concerns that brings about transmission of infectious agents and harmful to patients and dentists . Thus the vigilant use of barriers, appropriate immunisation procedures all could safeguard the dental fraternity from the ill effects of aerosols.
Aim: To Determine The Efficacy of 0.12% chlorhexidine mouth rinse as preprocedural rinse in reduction of bacterial aerosol contamination generated during Ultrasonic scaling in a closed operatory and compared with1% Povidone iodine rinse and without preprocedural rinse.
Materials and Methods: Thirty patients were selected from Department of Periodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai. The subjects were grouped into A -10 patients each receive 1% POVIDINE IODINE mouth rinse and Group B of 10 patients received 0.12% CHLORHEXIDINE mouth rinse respectively as a pre-procedural rinse. Group C 10 patients without preprocedural rinse. The aerosols produced by the ultrasonic unit were collected on blood agar plates placed at 8 standard positions around the dental chair. These plates were sent for microbiologic analysis for the assessment of bacterial Colony Forming Units (CFUs) was evaluated and statistically analysed.
Results: The significance of the study was both the mouthrinses reduced the bacterial colony forming units (CFUs) in aerosol samples. 0.12%Chlorhexidine mouth rinses were found to be superior to 1%Povidone iodine in reducing aerosolized bacteria when used preprocedurally.
Conclusion: The study highlights the efficacy of preprocedural mouth rinses , during any dental treatment which generates aerosols, reduces the risk of cross- contamination within the dental operatory
DETERMINATION OF T. vaginalis AND OTHER ASSOCIATED STIs AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN ABA NORTH, ABIA STATE NIGERIA
Get PDFTrichomoniasis is a global public health problem affecting human genitals especially women with severe complications in pregnancy. It is poorly reported. A cross sectional survey of pregnant women in Aba North local council, Abia State southeast Nigeria was undertaken using specimen microscopy and structured questionnaire. Of 286 women investigated the overall prevalence of T. vaginalis alone in the population was 2.1%. T. vaginalis disease proportion was associated with age (p < 0.05). Age range of 25-29 years had highest prevalence (4.8%) while 30-34 years had the least infection (1.05%). Pregnant mothers < 18 years and those within 35 years and above had no T. vaginalis infection. There was no association between trimester and disease proportion (p > 0.05). Of other STIs observed, Candida infection was highest (35.3%) while Chlamydia sp had the least prevalence (0.35%). Pregnant mothers within age of 25–29 years had more Candida infection (63.9%) than age group of 40 years and above. E. coli, Bacteria vaginosis, Staph aureus, and Chlamydia sp, had prevalences of 11.6%, 6.32%, 15.79%, and 1.05% respectively. Proportion of T. vaginalis, Candida, and E. coli infections in relation to age were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Proportions of observed STIs were significantly (p<0.05) associated with marital status. Candida sp and Staph aureus infections were more prevalent among traders and least among housewives. T. vaginalis and other STIs were not associated with level of education (p>0.05). There was significant (p<0.05) relationship between number of sex partners and sexually transmitted infections. Use of contraceptive such as condom was associated with proportion of infection (p < 0.05). T. vaginalis and other STIs are important public health threat in Aba hence routine screening and education of women about safe sex are highly recommended
ANALYSIS OF SECONDARY TRAUMATIC STRESS AMONG PHYSICIANS
Get PDFThe narrative review was important in understanding secondary traumatic stress among physicians. The primary aim of this narrative review was achieved by reviewing qualitative and quantitative studies to analyze if physicians were at-risk of being exposed to secondary traumatic stress when providing care to traumatized individuals. A review of the literature revealed a significant finding that identified 29 medical specialties that were more likely to be exposed to secondary traumatic stress associated with burnout when subjected to repetitive indirect traumatic exposures. An interesting finding showed that physicians were at a greater risk of secondary traumatic stress when they worked longer hours per day (12 hours or more), extended hours throughout the week (80 hours or more), and worked primarily overnight shifts. An unexpected finding in this narrative review revealed that physicians with dependents (e.g., a child/children) had an increased risk of being vulnerable to the effects of secondary traumatic stress. This noteworthy finding was compelling because factors that interlinked dependents to secondary traumatic stress among physicians were unanticipated. Though this narrative review contributes to the body of literature, further studies are necessary because research on secondary traumatic stress among physicians is limited and the lack of literature suggests needed future research